Regional Development Impacts of Labour Migration in Asia

abroad agricultural areas Asia Asian Asian countries Asian labour average Bangladesh cent China Chinese construction demand domestic helpers earnings emigration employed employers estimated factors female Filipino foreign labour foreign workers Hong Kong illegal aliens illegal immigrants illegal migrants illegal workers ILO/ARTEP immigrant workers Immigration Control impact important income increase Indonesians industries inflow International Migration investments issue Japan Japanese Japanese language Korean labour Korean workers Kuala Lumpur labour exporters labour force labour market labour shortage large numbers mainly major Malays Malaysia Malaysian workers manufacturing Middle East migrant workers million nationals number of foreign number of illegal occupations Ohta out-migration overseas employment overseas migration Pakistan Peninsular Malaysia percent period Philippines population problems production programme recruitment region remittances residence return migrants Sabah sector sending countries Singapore Singapore's social Source Sri Lanka Table Thai Thailand Tokyo trend University of Malaya unskilled foreign workers urban visas wages