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THE

PACIFIC EDUCATIONAL JOURNAL.

Official Organ of the Department of Public Instruction.

VOL. VII.

APRIL, 1890.

No. 2.

THE CALIFORNIA STATE TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION.

The postponed meeting of the State Teachers' Association assembled in the Congregational Church in Los Angeles, March 18, Prof. Ira More of the Los Angeles Normal School being the presiding officer.

The minutes of the last meeting, held at Pacific Grove in June, 1889, were then read and approved.

Hon. Ira G. Hoitt, the State Superintendent, read a communication inviting the association to hold its next meeting in the city of Stockton in December, signed by the members of the City Council and other city officials. A similar invitation was presented from the Educational Boards of Stockton City and San Joaquin County. Mr. Hoitt moved that this association accept the invitation of the City Council and Board of Education of Stockton, and said: "At the Teachers' Institute last Fall we were invited to meet there. At the meeting in 1888 in that city we were invited to free rides and were entertained most royally. I am sure that we shall be most heartily entertained."

Mr. Atherton said he was surprised that the matter was brought up just now. "It is largely a question of facilities for transportation, facilities for stopping temporarily, and facilities for work. You will permit me to say that the facilities for transportation to San Diego are excellent. There is a line of steamers, if necessary, in stormy weather. While it is a matter of record that we (that is, Los Angeles) was cut off, it is not a matter of record that such a state of affairs would occur again. Besides, it is said that the ocean is never washed out."

"Facilities for work are of the best, and at no expense. When we come to the question of pleasure, we have some things that are not found among the other wonders of the world. We have the largest hotel in the world. It is, above all places perhaps, the place for the gathering of intelligent people. We want a chance to go, for a short time, below the Mexican line. We have pleasant drives around the city. We have fair women and brave men who are willing to welcome you most cordially. I have no sectional spirit, but am in love with the whole State. If San Diego is ever to have a session of this association this seems to be the time to go there. We want you to come to San Diego. We extend a heartfelt invitation. this matter be laid upon the table, to be taken up later."

COMMITTEES APPOINTED.

I move that

Carried.

The following committees were appointed by the chair:

On nomination-J. B. McChesney, Oakland; E. T. Pierce, Butte; W. F. Friesner, Los Angeles; R. D. Butler, San Diego; C. H. Murphy, Tulare; J. G. Kennedy, Mrs. N. R. Craven, San Francisco; C. S. Hutton, Sonoma; Fred M. Campbell, Alameda.

Music-J. A. Foshay, Monrovia; J. B. McChesney, Oakland; Miss Stacy, N. C. Twining, Riverside; S. L. Warde, San Diego; Mrs. Byrum, Los Angeles; Mrs. Rice.

Resolutions-Thomas

Kennedy, San Francisco; Anna C. Murphy, Los Angeles; W. H. V. Raymond, Sacramento; Miss Belle Frazer, San Diego; Miss Margaret Shallenberger, San Jose.

The following special committee. was appointed to draw appropriate resolutions relative to the late J. L. Wilson, Superintendent of Colusa County: P. M. Fisher, Ira G. Hoitt, C. H. Murphy, Miss Vivian, Miss Murphy.

TELEGRAPHIC GREETING.

The following telegram was read:

LAWRENCE (Kan.), March 18, 1890. President State Association, Los Angeles, Cal: Please present my hearty greetings, hoping for reunion at St. Paul, the coming summer. J. H. CANFIELD,

President National Educational Association.

After a short recess, on motion of C. H. Murphy of Tulare, it was resolved to set aside an hour during the session as a memorial in honor of the deceased J. L. Wilson, when appropriate exercises will be held.

DELEGATES TO THE NATIONAL CONVENTION.

The following were appointed delegates to the National Convention, to represent the California State Association: Ira G. Hoitt, Sacramento; F. M. Campbell, Alameda; P. M. Fisher, Oakland; Nettie R. Craven, James G. Kennedy, San Francisco; C. H. Murphy, Tulare; E. T. Pierce, Butte; L. L. Evans, Duarte; Mary McDonald, B. R. Grogan, Los Angeles; J. H. Strine, Downey; M. H. Perry, Mrs. L. P. Wilson, Misses Mary Leonard, Ella Clark, Alice Stevens, Mary Penman, Los Angeles; F. A. Molyneaux, Pomona; C. E. Jones, Alhambra; Washington Wilson, San Diego; Mary E. Bear, L. J. Spencer, C. M. Schnide, Los Angeles; Will S Monroe, Pasadena; Miss Maria Fuller, Los Angeles.

AFTERNOON SESSION.

The first exercise on the program for the afternoon was the annual address by President Ira More. As this contained so much of general interest to the teachers and school officers of the State we give it entire.

PROF. MORE'S ADDRESS.

It is well to pause at times and look backward to see the history we have made in the past, and by it to forecast in some measure that which we are about to make; not, however, to make definite plans and expect to realize them. Life is made up of the unexpected, and our future has about it something of the uncertainty of a California rainy season. The educational prophet and the weather prophet are alike swallowed up by the flood of unlooked-for things.

DAYS GONE BY,

Time was when the public schools were simple. Reading, a little arithmetic, a little geography and grammar, formed the whole curriculum. But great possibilities are open to him who reads, and the multiplying needs of men call for a wider culture of brain, as well as for a more perfect handiwork. The manual dexterities are separating, and we have blacksmiths and silversmiths, and carpenters and shipbuilders. But the brain work is all confided to the same public school, and the studies are piled on. Arithmetic grows into algebra and geometry; geography spreads into physical geography, with geology and mineralogy added; grammar, no longer content with dry language. forms, called parsing, seizes the living language, and inhales a spirit into dry bones, it becomes language teaching, and deals with living authors, expanding into rhetoric, literature and oratory. Chemistry

creeps in, and the celestial study, astronomy. And shall man know nothing of himself? Physiology, an epitome of all sciences, and psychology must have place. And the school staggers under the immense added weight, and the schoolmaster, in dispair of mastering these many things, becomes a superficial ignoramus or an encyclopædia.

Nor are we at the end of this piling-on process. It has been discovered in these days that boys do not take quite kindly to the saw and the plane and the hammer, to the plow and the pruning shears, or to the miner's pick and shovel; that the girls love fine clothes and novels and shopping expeditions, rather than the household kitchen, with its never-ending rounds of dishes to wash; that they disdain to marry honest men as poor as themselves, and help to make a living in the world, but must have carriages, servants, and all that. A great evil this, in so far as it is true, and we are charged with the duty of correcting it. We are to give manual as well as mental training, to teach all trades, to make the school-house a miniature university of workers in wood and metal, of bread-makers and wielders of the needle, of cultivators of the soil and orchardists, of miners, typesetters and engravers.

Then the professional reformers have learned that time is wasted upon the old, tough, hardened sinners, and have turned their eyes to the schools, and demand that the teachers shall give so much of their time to this or that enormity or social wrong, that little time or strength is left us for anything else.

MANUAL INDUSTRIES.

Do not understand me as being in despair over this matter. There is a good time coming, and I think that our eyes may almost see the beginning of it. We may learn a lesson from the manual industries. Once upon a time, a man builded his own house, made his cooking utensils, cultivated the soil with implements of his own making, raised the wool that he made into clothing for himself and family, and slaughtered his own beef and pork. But when civilization called for nicer workmanship, and greater variety, how gloomy the prospect. Can he possibly master all these things? But no, the division of labor comes to his aid, the work that he did is shared among a hundred people, and he now lives better by doing one thing well than formerly by doing a hundred things poorly.

We are now at the worst of our estate. Already special schools have lifted from our shoulders the professions; and we can easily see that in the not distant future, technical schools will have relieved us