THIS PHOTO WAS TAKEN BY THE RAYS OF AN INTERURBAN ELECTRIC CAR LIGHT. The arc lamp is about fifteen inches in diameter and nine inches in depth. It illuminates for five hundred yards, Cats are exceedingly difficult to train, having an unusually developed aversion to doing things they don't like, yet here is a photograph of three of them doing "stunts" on a horizontal bar. These pets are owned and trained by a California photographer who finds much amusement and some profit also in taking their pictures in strange poses. THE GIANT OF EUROPE THE giant floating steam crane which is shown is the identical crane which The tons. VANADIUM IN STEEL VANADIUM, first discovered in 1801, is a mineral which in late years has been applied with remarkable results in the steel industry. The reason it was not used sooner in the manufacturing arts was because of its scarcity. Large and exceptionally rich deposits of vanadium ores were discovered in the Peruvian Andes several years ago. It is to this source that vanadium steels hold their present commercial status. Scientists in the employ of the French government first settled the question, "Does vanadium improve the quality of steel?" They proved that the addition of a small percentage of vanadiumnever above three-quarters of one per cent gives to steel a remarkable increase in strength without impairing its ductility-a result that cannot be secured from any other element used in the composition of steel. Carbon, for example, increases the strength up to a certain point but causes brittleness, and even fails to strengthen when employed in large amounts, the result of further additions producing ordinary pig iron. Ounces. Pittsburg manufacturers who have used vanadium in their steel products report extraordinary results. It is claimed that a two years' test of vanadium against ordinary steel shows an actual saving of $761.59 on a single item-a flue flue cutter weighing three In one year, 1,049 carbon steel cutters were used to cut 145,444 flues. In the next year 60 vanadium steel cutters cut 152,578 flues. The average number of tubes cut with the carbon steel tool was 139; the average for the vanadium steel, 2,244. The cost of the carbon steel cutter per hundred flues was $.54 compared with one and six-tenths cents per hundred, with the vanadium steel tool. |