were opposed by about 40 Americans under Capt. Hull, of Lyons. After the first fire the Americans retreated. The enemy burned five houses, and the old Williamson Hotel, owned by Capt. Wm. Wickham. The public flour had been secreted in a ravine, and remained undiscovered. The next day a gunboat proceeded up the lake to Nicholas Point and burned a warehouse. The British had two killed, and the Americans one killed and one mortally wounded. The total amount of property destroyed amounted to about $25.000.

WALWORTH, named from Gen. Chancellor Walworth, was formed from Ontario, April 20, 1829. It is the central town in the west border of the county. Its surface is a high rolling upland, the ridges being the most elevated land in the county. A stranger standing upon their summit is at once impressed by the grand and picturesque scenery which here presents itself to his view. The Niagara limestone crops out in the north part, marking its course by a hard, stony surface, some rods in width. It is drained north by several small streams, and south-east by tributaries of Red Creek. The soil is a rich sandy loam. The population of the town in 1865 was 2,179; area 20,401 acres. It contains 13 school districts, in which 6 male and 16 female teachers are employed, with an average daily attendance of 267 seholars. The valuation of the school property in 1866 was $4,278.

Walworth, (p. v.,) near the south-east corner, contains 2 churches, (Bapt. and M. E.,) the Walworth Academy, 1 hotel, 2 cooper shops, and other incidental mechanical interests. Its population is about 300. Its streets are lined on either side by ornamental shade trees, for which it is indebted to the enterprise of Mr. T. G. Yeomans, one of the most prominent residents of the village. Mr. Yeomans has quite an extensive nursery, which covers about 70 acres, in a very improved condition. He confines himself chiefly to fruit trees, but raises some ornamental trees. He has an orchard covering 140 acres of land, embracing about 14,000 trees, divided equally between apples, pears and peaches. An extensive vineyard is also attached to the nursery. Mr. Yeomans makes the Dwarf Pear a speciality. Last year he sent to market 170 bbls., which have been pronounced by competent judges second to none in the State. Three years ago he raised 3,000 bushels of peaches. The peach crop, however, is generally precarious. He has put in something more than 30 miles of draining tiles on about 175 acres. Mr. Yeomans attributes the peculiar advantages of this county as a fruit-growing country to its contiguity to the lake, and the hills which abound in this vicinity, which favor it most from the fact that there is less exposure to the frost than there is in the valleys. Jas. Peacock, in this town in 1865, raised a crop of ap

ples by which he realized $3,000 from four acres of ground. West Walworth, (p. v.,) near the south-west corner, contains a tannery and about 175 inhabitants. Lincoln is a newly established post office in the north-west part.

The first settlement was begun about 1799. Among the early settlers were Andrew Millet in 1799, Dr. Hurlburt Crittenden in 1804, Stephen Douglass in 1802, who built the first frame building in town in 1804, for an inn, which is now occupied by the family as a dwelling house; Deacon Gideon Hackett, James and Jonathan Hill, Capt. Gilbert Hinckley, in 1804; and John, Marshall, David and Jerry Chamberlin about the same time. Daniel Douglass, George and Joseph Randolph, at West Walworth; and Jones Findley, who is now living in the village, came in 1806. Luther Filmore built the first tannery in 1805. Thomas Kempshall kept the first store. The first death that occurred in the town was that of a man named Green, in 1806, who was killed by the fall of a tree. The first church, (M. E.,) was organized previous to 1809. Mrs. Susan Douglass, wife of Stephen, who built the first frame house, is still living in the old homestead. She is 90 years of age, and enjoys exceeding good health. She works and seems as smart almost as ever. She is the oldest inhabitant in the town. George Randolph is now living in the village. Andrew Millett hung himself. He became insane from the belief that the wood would soon be cut away, and the world left without fuel in consequence. Daniel Douglass was accidentally drowned. Joseph Randolph, Deacon Hackett, Jonathan Hill, and Capt. Hinckley died natural deaths. The latter moved to and died in Ohio.

WILLIAMSON, named from Charles Williamson, the first agent of the Pulteney Estate, was formed from Sodus, Feb. 20, 1802. Ontario was taken off in 1807, and Marion in 1825. It lies on the northern border of the county, west of the center-Lake Ontario forming its northern boundary. Its surface is level in the north, with a gentle inclination toward the lake. In the south it rises into low ridges. It is drained by a few small streams that flow north into Lake Ontario. The soil is a sandy, gravelly loam, mixed with clay near the lake shore. Iron ore has been dug here to some extent at an earlier day, but has been discontinued. The area of the town is 20,543 acres. Its population in 1865 was 2,571. It contains 15 school districts, in which are employed 3 male and 26 female teachers, with an average daily attendance of 314 scholars. The valuation of school property in the town in 1866 was $5,050.

Pultneyville, (p. v.,) named from Sir Wm. Pulteney, situated on the lake shore, is a U. S. port of entry in the Genesee District, contains a church, (Union,) a grist and planing mill, and about 530

inhabitants. On the morning of June 13, 1813, Com. Sir James Yeo, with a British force, made a descent upon this place. Gen. John Swift, who commanded the Americans, surrendered, with the stipulation that private property and persons should be respected. Most of the U. S. stores had been previously removed to a place of safety, so that little loss was sustained. The British had 2 killed and 3 wounded. Williamson, (p. v.,) south of the center, contains 4 churches, (Bapt., M. E. Presb. and W. M.,) a saw mill, and about 350 inhabitants. East Williamson contains a church, saw mill and about 125 inhabitants.

The first settlement was made in 1803, by Wm. Waters. Capt. Samuel Throop, Jeremiah Selby, John Holmes and Alpheus Curtis, came in 1806; Maj. Wm. Rogers in 1807, and Daniel Poppins, Timothy Smith, Denning, Andrew Connell, Samuel Ledyard, and Jacob W. Hallet, soon after. H. N. Throop was the first child born, in Nov. 1807. The first inn was kept by Maj. Wm. Rogers, in 1807; and the first store by Joseph Colt. Capt. Samuel Throop and Jeremiah Selby built the first saw and grist mill.

WOLCOTT, named from Gov. Oliver Wolcott, of Conn., was formed from Junius, (Seneca Co.,) March 24, 1807. Butler, Huron and Rose were taken off in 1826. It is the north-east corner town of the county-Lake Ontario forming its northern boundary. Its area covers an extent of 21,589 acres. Its surface is undulating, with a general inclination toward the lake. In several localities are tracts of low marsh land. The streams are Wolcott, and Big and Little Red Creeks, and several smaller streams, which flow north into Lake Ontario. A part of Port Bay, in the northwest, Blind Sodus Bay, (named from the sand bar which stretches across its mouth from the west shore) in the north-east, and two smaller bays, extend inland from the lake. The soil is a sandy and gravelly loam. Iron ore is found in the north-east part, and is extensively quarried to supply the furnaces in the town. On Wolcott Creek the water has a perpendicular fall of 40 feet, over Niagara limestone rock, which presents a very picturesque appearance, while at the same time it affords a splendid water power to the numerous mechanical and manufacturing establishments which have been erected upon its borders. The population of the town, from census of 1865, was 3,224. It contain 14 schools, employing 19 teachers, having an average attendance of 467 scholars. The expenses for school purposes for year ending Oct. 1866, was $5,846.56.

Wolcott, (p. v.,) near the south-west corner, was incorporated Feb. 24, 1852. It contains 5 churches, (Epis., M. E., Presb., Advent and Bapt.,) a Union Free School, (formerly called "Leaven

worth Institute," named from Isaac Leavenworth, who contributed one-half the total cost,) with 6 teachers and an average attendance of 210 scholars; a job printing office, 2 hotels, 2 flouring mills, 2 saw mills, a furnace and agricultural machine shop, and about 800 inhabitants. Red Creek, (p. v.,) in the south-east part, is incorporated, and contains 3 churches, (M. E., Bapt. and Presb.,) the Red Creek Union Academy, (incorporated by Legislature March 27, 1839, and by Regents Feb. 5, 1846, and employs 5 teachers,) 2 grist mills, 2 saw mills, a woolen factory, furnace and tannery,and about 600 inhabitants. Furnace Village, in the west part, (named from the extensive furnace located here,) contains, besides the furnace, a saw mill, and about 80 inhabitants. Owing to financial difficulties, the operations at the furnace have been discontinued during the past two years. It is being refitted by Messrs. J. K. Wagner and John Christopher, who contemplate commencing operations as soon as the necessary preparations can be completed. The ore used in the furnace is quarried in the north-east part of the town, where there seems to be an almost inexhaustible supply.

The settlement of the town was commenced by Jonathan Melvin, Sen., on lot 50, in 1805. Among the early settlers were Adonijah Church, from Massachusetts, in 1806, and Osgood Church and family, in 1807. Lambert Woodruff, in vicinity of Red Creek, bought in 1807, and moved in in 1810. Noadiah Child came in 1811, and Jacob Snyder, with his family of 10 children, in 1813. Peter, Amos, and Thomas Snyder are now living in the town, aged respectively 72, 65 and 75 years. Hiram Church, who came in 1807, is still living in town, about 60 years old. Elisha and William Plank settled in 1813; the latter is now living in the town, aged 70 years. The first death that occurred in town was that of a son of George Salmon. The first inn was kept by Obadiah Adams, and the first saw and grist mill was built by Jonathan Melvin, in 1810. The first settled minister was Daniel S. Buttuck. The first attempt to assess the property in the town was made by Luther Redfield, Assessor of Junius, who is now living at Clyde in the town of Galen. Much difficulty was experienced in doing so, as no roads were constructed at that time, and many of the settlers avowing their determination to resist any attempt that might be made to collect taxes, and sullenly and doggedly refusing to give the required information to enable the Assessor to prosecute his duties. The taxes at that early date were meagre and insignificant compared with the enormous taxes levied upon communities at the present day.

THE STATES,

THEIR SETTLEMENT, ADMITTANCE TO THE UNION, POPULATION, SUFFRAGE LAWS, ETC.

Alabama was settled near Mobile, in 1702, by the French; was formed into a Territory by act of Congress, approved March 3, 1817, from the eastern portion of the Territory of Mississippi; framed a Constitution August 2, 1819, and was admitted into the Union December 14 of the same year. Area 50,722 square miles, or 32,462,080 acres. Population in 1860, 964,201, of whom 435,080 were slaves. It is the chief cotton growing State of the Union. White male citizens, who have resided one year in the State and three months in the county, are entitled to vote. An election for a Convention was held December 24, 1860, and a majority of over 50,000 votes cast for secession; the Convention met January 7, 1861, and on the 11th passed the ordinance of secession, by a vote of 61 to 39, which was followed on the 21st by the resignation of its members of Congress.

Arkansas was settled at Arkansas Post in 1685, by the French, and was part of the Louisiana purchase ceded by France to the United States, April 30, 1803. It was formed into a Territory by act of Congress, March, 2, 1819, from the southern part of the Territory of Missouri; its western boundary was settled May 26, 1824, and its southern, May 19, 1828. Having adopted a Constitution, a memorial was presented in Congress, March 1, 1836, and an act for its admission into the Union passed June 15 of the same year. Area 52,198 square miles, or 33,406,720 acres. In 1860 its population was 435,450, of whom 111,115 were slaves. It is an agricultural State, its staples being corn and cotton.— Citizenship and residence in the State for six months, qualify voters in the county and district where they reside. January 16, 1861, its Legislature ordered a State Convention, which assembled, and on May 6, voted to secede, 69 to 1. January 4, 1864, a Convention assembled in Little Rock, which adopted a new Constitution, the principle feature of which consisted in a clause abolishing slavery. The Convention adjourned January 22. This body also inaugurated a Provisional Government. The Constitution was submitted to the people, and 12,177 votes cast for it, to 226 against it. The State was re-organized under the plan contained in the Amnesty Proclamation of President LINCOLN, in pursuance of which an election was held March 14, 1864. The vote required under the Proclamation was 5,405. About 16,000 votes were cast.

California was settled at Diego in 1768, by Spaniards, and was part of the territory ceded to the United States by Mexico, by the treaty con