ject slowly and steadily till the syringe is empty. Now withdraw the syringe quickly, and at the same time close meatus completely with the thumb and finger already in position. Lay the syringe aside and gently stroke the under side of the penis towards the meatus; this is to keep the fluid as much in contact with the anterior portion of the urethra as possible, since it is here the disease lies in its earller stages. Retain for five minutes and remove pressure from meatus, and the fluid will flow out.

If it is not possible to urinate when the syringe should be used, throw one syringeful of the solution into the urethra, and allow it to flow out immediately. Then follow with another injection and retain It for the specified period.

2.

When the discharge subsides into a glalry fluid, then gentle astringents should be substituted for the antiseptics. The following are cheap and efficient: 1. Zinc sulphate, 10 grains, water, 4 ounces. Alum, 20 grains, water, 4 ounces. 3. Zinc sulphate, 10 grains, lead acetate, 15 grains, tincture of opium and tincture of catechu compound, 2 drams of each, water enough to make 4 ounces. The last is a modification of the famous Ricord formula, and is very efficient.

If such complication as epididymitis de. velops, suspend all injections till the inflammation subsides.

The constant desire to urinate in the earlier stages is not a sign that the neck of the bladder is being involved, but is merely a reflex from the irritation near the head of the penis.

These are minor matters, but very important in many cases, and neglect to attend them properly is often the cause of great disappointment and indifferent results, where much satisfaction and good results could have been just as easily obtained.

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THE PHYSICIAN'S WHOLE DUTY IN CASES OF APPENDICITIS.

W

BY J. R CLEMENS M. D.

PHEN summoned to a case of acute belly-pain, in which it is impossible, after a most careful examination, to make a diagnosis, but where a developing appendicitis is suspected, the physician's first duty towards his patient is to throw his hypodermic syringe ont of the window, no matter how clamorous the patient or his friends be for immediate relief. A man unarmed can never shoot, however great the temptation or provocation be. If those who read this article think my views extreme, and my advice equally intemperate, I will ask them to consider for a moment what follows as a consequence of the exhibition of oplum or of its alkaloids in cases of acute belly-pain. The pain, It is true, is relieved, but is the disease of which the pain is but a symptom also cured? Again, supposing the pain be removed by opium, at our next visit what means have we of ascertaining the progress of the case, where the patient's life may be at stake, and each minute lost a step further towards the grave.

A wise man, when lost in a forest, searches for a clue, and a drowning man clutches at a straw, but we physicians often, in our impulsiveness to relieve suffering, do most harm where we mean to do most good. The most difficult thing to do in the right practice of medicine, is to do nothing. The man at the wheel of a ship does not allow the suggestions of bystanders to influence the course he is steering, nor should we allow our hands to be forced by the insistence of the sick man's friends. The second duty of the

If at the end of forty-eight hours the tenderness and pain persist, the pulse is quickening, and the temperature rising, the third duty of the physician is to either operate himself, or to see that a colleague operates, if he himself be not an operrting surgeon. If the patient or his friends refuse operation, the fourth duty of the physician is to admonish the friends of the patient, and if they still refuse, he should retire from the case.

The correct treatment of a case of suspected developing appendicitis, prior to operation-i. e., within the first fortyeight hours-is as follows: For the relief of the pain ice bags should be kept constantly applied at the seat of the pain. No drugs should be given by the mouth. Copious high rectal enemata will do much towards keeping the patient comfortable and preparing him for the operation. He should be allowed to drink as much water as he wishes. A sharp watch should be kept on the temperature and pulse, and a record made of each, every four hours. Increasing tenderness should be especially sought for. In short, operation should never be delayed longer than forty-eight hours, and in very acute cases the time when to operate must be decided on the merits of the case.

319 N. Grand Ave., St. Louis, Mo.

THE MORPHINE HABIT AS A PSYCHIC DISEASE.

FOR

BY CE PATTERSEN, M. D.

VOR the past ten years it has been my specialty to treat the so-called morphine and other drug habits, and in the meantime I have written several articles on the subject for various medical journals, and have given my plan of treatment in detail, but thus far in my various articles I have done as have other writers on the sublect-steered wide of the mark of the pathology, for the reason that there is none, that I could find, and, it seems, others are in the same boat as I, for even Dr. Pepper, in his exhaustive article on the subject, in his "System of Medicine,"

Vol. V, page 648, sums up the whole of the pathology in the following two lines, when he says: "In effect the pathological condition is complex, including derangements both somatic and psychical."

Many writers on the subject write long articles, and take such extra pains to tell you what symptoms supervene when one of these patients is suddenly cut off from the so much needed drug, but I ask you of what account is such an article, for the reason that when one of these patients gets caught in such a condition, he will very soon make it known to you what he wants most of all things on earth, and more than that, he will get it if he is not behind locked doors and barred windows, and regardless of the price, even though honor has to be sacrificed for the much coveted and really much needed drug.

This brings us to the point now-why is this drug, or some substitute, so much needed, when there is really no lesion of such importance that our best pathologists can in any way discover the least thing wrong? The same conditions exist in many other nerve diseases; for instance, nervous prostration, hysteria, many cases of epilepsy, most cases of insanity, and others, and still no pathological lesion. But thanks to the ingenuity of some man who manufactured a name for such conditions, we swell ourselves with pride and say to the friends, "why, that patient has neurosthenia." What a blessing it is to know so much. But! Supposing the patient should say, "Doctor, what do I understand the condition to be by that name ?" Then you would swell again. But, if you told the truth, you would simply say, "why, it is a condition of the nerves that I know nothing about.

Now, my dear readers, this is the class of diseases that are in realty psychic diseases. Now you are getting into deep water, and you all cry out in one accord, "and what do you mean by a psychic disease?" Gentlemen, you hear the word often enough, and should know something of it. But, I ask, do you more than know that it means something pertaining to the soul?

Now, I trust you will bear with me, and read twice, and think a little, before you condemn what I say to you on this sub

ject, for I am going to try to make the subject plain and clear before I leave it, and I truly believe it will enable you to see deeper into some troubles than ever before. In order to make the point clear, I must necessarily go to the foundation, and hence I will say first: Man is a triune being, and in symbolical language represented by the triangle, the meaning of the triangle being-spirit, soul and body. The spirit is the divine essence, which rules over man's will and powers, when it rules. The soul partakes of the soul substance of nature, and rules over the material or physical substance of man. The physical substance of man is of the planet of which he is a subject, hence of the earth-earthy. As any chemist knows, he can give an exact analysis of man, and find the parts corresponding to the materials of earth of which his body is composed. The next question arising is: How is the soul connected to the physical body? In answer to which I say: The mind is the connecting link between soul and body, and is dual in its nature. have all learned the names of the two minds through the able writer on duality of mind, Dr. Hudson, and accept the names that he gives us-subjective and objective; the objective mind being the medium through which things are imparted to the brain from the five sensesseeing, hearing, feeling, tasting and smelling. The subjective mind is our intuition, as we commonly call it, or, as it may properly be called, the soul.

We

I will now say the subjective mind is ruled over by the objective, and does its bidding. For instance, I take the hypnotist. He takes possession of his subject's objective mind, and replaces it with his own, or, in other words, he puts the subject's objective mind in abeyance, and then the patient does his bidding.

The soul, or subjective mind, has the entire control of the body, and can make the body do as it is willed to do by the objective, lest it be willed to destroy life, then it rebels, as the first law of nature is self-preservation. Hence the reason why a hypnotist cannot make a man commit suicide or murder while under his influence. Further, I will say the subjective mind is ever mindful of all events, and

conveys its knowledge to you through the medium that we call the memory, having its seat in certain parts of the brain, and ruled over to a great extent by the objective mind, which may so distort it that we ofttimes tell things that are not exactly according to Hoyle. Should injury come to that centre of the brain that rules the objective mind, so there is no governor of the subjective, as we ofttimes see in injury of the brain, or in continued fevers, the subjective, so to speak, cuts loose and tells things the patient had forgotten years before, and even will repeat languages entirely foreign to them. Many an insane case is using the subjective mind only, and the question of cure only is now to connect that objective and subjective mind again, so the objective will act as a governor and hold the subjective in check.

Now, you say, "yes, if it could be." But, I now ask, is there any lesion of the brain that has taken place, or has there been some unseen force which has taken control of the subjective mind, as would take place in hypnosis? If there is no lesion, then there must be some force unseen, and I now ask you, can you discern that force that is at work there, and dispel or dissipate it? If not, you can not successfully treat a psychic disease, for a psychic disease is of the soul and not of the body, and requires something besides drugs to control it.

We are now brought to the subject of suggestion, and all physicians recognize to-day the power there is in it, and many an article is written on the subject to impress us with the necessity of combining suggestion with our remedies to create better results in their use. Now I ask, which cures, the drugs you administer, or the suggestion you give? I ask which.

An allopath will give strong doses, and a homeopath will give very mild doses, and still both get about the same results; and a hypnotist, or one versed in suggestive therapeutics, will come in and take the same medicine and give no medicine at all, and have equally as good, if not better results. Now, I ask, what is the reason there is anything in suggestion, and I think nearly, if not all physicians, are free to admit that there is? In

answer I will say, all things we do are first prompted by some suggestion through one of the five senses. The little child receives the suggestion from the hot stove to keep away from it, after it has once learned that the stove is hot, and the same in all things we do.

Now, how is that suggestion received ? First, by the objective mind through the means of the senses, and from them conveyed to the subjective, or soul, and then, if there is force in the suggestion, the soul does the work, as has been suggested. Now the question arises, in what way is morphine addiction a psychic disease? First, we know there is no pathological lesion in morphine addiction per se. there is no pathological lesion in the physical body to create the serious inharmonic conditions that take place when the drug is suddenly withdrawn, then the trouble must be in the finer cells, or the ethereal substance of the soul, and the disturbance caused by its withdrawal is produced by the soul, that it may, so to speak, compel the physical body to take more of the drug before it can be at rest. When the soul is appeased, as is ofttimes the case by the mere suggestion produced by giving a hypodermic injection of water, as all physicians have seen time and again, then the body will be at ease until another suggestion comes that more of the drug is needed, and should you tell the patient you had only used water, they are nearly dead at once.

We have now, I think, spent time enough on the soul action, as regards its ruling power over the physical body, so we will take up the various cures and reason on the rationale of the various systems.

First, we will take the hyoscine hydrobromate treatment, which is being advocated to day to such an extent, and case after case reported by men who are reporting cases more theoretically than from actual experience, and were I ever guilty of treating a morphine case with the degree of torture some patients actually experience, from their own reports, I would certainly never report the case, and I would quietly seek the silence, and pray to God Almighty to forgive me for pretending to do things I was not capable of doing. Now, when we use the hyoscine,

what do we really do? As soon as we begin to administer hyoscine in the doses recommended, we rob the patient of his objective mind, and really deprive the soul of a means of communicating to us that the body is suffering, the same as would be the case were we to amputate a limb and seal the mouth of an individual so he could not yell, and because he did not yell flatter ourselves he was not in torture. The patient is kept in that stupefied condition for a time, and then gradually allowed to regain his senses, should he be fortunate enough to do so, and then should the soul cry out again, more large doses, until the soul recognizes the suggestion that if it calls again so much longer the objective mind must be taken away by that worse than useless drug, hyoscine. Hence the soul stops crying, and physician after physician reports what wonderful cures they have effected, when in realty they have not effected any cure at all. For I say to you now, the mere taking away of the drug is no cure; the soul has simply ceased crying until it can get his body out from under your care, and then the original drug will be had again, regardless of the price, as I have said before.

The same conditions exist in the bromide of soda treatment. You make the patient so he has no mind, and then take the drug away-simply taken away, no cure.

Now you ask the question: "How shall we treat such cases?" In answer I would say, first recognize the fact that you have a soul to treat rather than a body. When that soul calls upon you for help, inspire it with confidence that you can help it, by the right suggestion, to give it confidence in your abilities. And I say to you now, if you have no confidence in yourself, you cannot create it in anyone else, for the soul of the patient will recognize the true lack of ability your own soul has for helping the other soul, though your physical may be proclaiming what wonderful things you are capable of doing. I say again, do not lie. Tell to the patient just what you can do and will do, and if you cannot do that, you cannot successfully treat his case. Support the heart from the beginning with heart tonics that are best adapted to the individual case. Use the

static current to assist in generating new force, and have your patient inhale freely from the ozone atmosphere which any static machine will produce, to inspire new life. Be ever ready to give a word of good cheer and comfort to the patient, and the plan outlined will cure any case, and in an experience of treating between five and six hundred cases, I have not been required to employ a nurse to exceed three weeks in ten years. Neither do I rob the patient of his mind with the danger of its never returning. My patients are given the freedom of the Home, and still more the freedom of the city, to go and come as they choose, requiring them to be here at certain hours. If they are in a hurry to be cured I advise them to keep quiet, as the more quiet they keep the sooner I can cure them.

I will now say to you in conclusion that If you try to cure by merely taking away the drug, after robbing the patient of his senses, by drugs or otherwise, and without the true education of the soul to the real normal condition, I say to you in all candor, and from an experience of years in the work, that your patient is not cured, and relapse will be the rule, and a cure the exception.

Grand Rapids, Mich.

W

DISEASE AND OLD AGE.

BY J. L. Wolfe, m. d.

PHEN man reaches the zenith of his physical existence, he does not stand a perfect physical man, but already a hereditary predisposition, or the struggle of life for an existence, or habit of vice, has laid the hand of decay upon some one or more organs of his system, so he starts down the decline of his existence under disadvantages. Until the climax of physical existence is reached the natural tendency of the organism is to combat disease, but as soon as the point of descent is reached, conditions change, a retrograde progress is commenced, and as life recedes and vitality diminishes, just in the same proportion does the body lose its power of resistence. At this time certain changes set up in the physical economy, known as involution, which are