During the second day, work was pursued in Primary Reading, Primary Arithmetic, Algebra, Philosophy, Sentential Analysis, and English Literature, with Misses Rose Hardenberg, Eugine Fuller, F. A. Brown, Cora Lamb, A. T. Starbird, Mrs. Curtis, Messrs. C. H. Woods, N. A. Richardson and N. C. Twining as class leaders.

For Wednesday, the third day, the subjects of Language, Writing, Drawing, Music, Natural History, and Common School Essentials were taken up, the instructors being Mrs. Brink and Mrs. Todd, Misses Finley, Mogeau, Chance, M. H. Bennett and Mr. C. H. Andrews.

The Fourth day was occupied by discussions on Grammar Grade Arithmetic, Grammar, Geography and History, conducted by Miss Ida Bennett, Messrs. N. C. Twining, A. W. Fisher, C. W. Campbell, G. H. Knowlton, G. W. Beattie, N. A. Richardson and S. L. Ward.

Friday, the last day, was taken up by the subjects, Composition, Mental Arithmetic and Orthoepy, led by Messrs. Heath, Woods, Mason, Twining and Hewes. The entire proceedings were enlivened and made attractive by songs, by violin, piano, organ and choir music, by recitations, by banks of roses, garlands of orange flowers, wreaths of myrtles, and other blooms ad infinitum; all furnished by the good people of Riverside.

The Riverside Daily Press reported each day's proceedings in full, and each day presented each teacher with a copy of the same.

Two night sessions were held, at one of which Superintendent Hoitt delivered a lecture.

A reception was given by the Hotel Glenwood to the teachers during one evening. A ball was given by the Knights of Pythias Thursday evening, to which the teachers were invited.

Some of the members deserve special mention for the part they took in the work of the Institute-e. g., Miss Mary Bennett, a most earnest, forcible and enthusiastic teacher, for her efforts in behalf of the White Cross Social Purity Society. Prof. J. N. Hewes of Colton, for his clear-cut, epigrammatic remarks upon various subjects-everything he said was to the point. Prof. N. A. Richardson of San Bernardino, for his vigor and determination in standing by his convictions and breaking a lance with all comers. Prof. C. N. Andrews of San Diego, for his readiness to perform all duties required of him and for bringing the prettiest lady in the Institute—Mrs. C. N. Andrews. Prof. N. C. Twining of San Bernardino County, for his easy, graceful, entertaining discourse upon all subjects. He was perfectly at home whenever called upon, and is a teacher of remarkable culture and scholarship. Prof. C. W. Campbell of National City, for his refreshing independence and his neat, effective manner of speaking. The ladies who conducted the Primary Classes, for the careful preparation and skillful presentation of their topics. Prof. Woods of Riverside, for his gentlemanly deportment to visiting teachers and for his solid and logical treatment of subjects assigned to him.

The Institute was closed in the usual manner by the passing of appropriate resolutions, and the singing of "Home, Sweet Home," when the teachers bade each other good-bye, and-presto, change!-they were gone, to the four winds, to take up the burden of life again in the school houses that dot the land between the mountains and the sea.

It is understood that another joint Institute of the same counties will be held a year hence at the city of San Diego. EDWARD HYATT,

Secretary for San Diego County.

MARIN COUNTY INSTITUTE.

The Annual Teachers' Institute of Marin County opened its session at the Fourth Street School Building, in San Rafael, on Monday, May 9th, and continued through the week.

Organization was first in order.

Geo. C. Russell was elected Secretary.

Superintendent Robert Furlong delivered an able and comprehensive address to the assembled teachers, which was well received.

"My First Day's Experience in an Ungraded School," Miss Alice A. Gates. General discussion of Difficulties met with in Ungraded Schools-How to Overcome the Difficulties.

Pen and Pencil Work, Miss Belle C. Brown.

Inspection San Rafael School District Exhibit.

On Tuesday, at 9 A. M., Superintendent Furlong spoke on the advisibility of extending an invitation to all teachers, ex-teachers, and county school officers to participate in the proceedings of the Institute. The suggestion was adopted.

A committee on Reading Circle was appointed, consisting of Misses Atwater and Gates and W. R. Hussey.

Reading.

Outline of Method for First Lesson, Miss Mary F. Farrell.

Discussion.

Outline of Second Reader Exercise, Miss Mary E. Norton.
Discussion.

Class Recitation in Third Reader, Miss K. C. Batchelder. '
Reading in the Grammar School, Miss M. Augustine.

Fourth Reader Work outlined.

Interest, how awakened; attention, how sustained. Value of Supplementary Readers. Use of Dictionary. How to secure correct expression.

Elocution, Mrs. E. A. Gunnison, embraced the following topics: Cultivation of the voice. Art of expression. Gesture in reading. Delsarte Philosophy of Expression.

School Room Decorations, a talk by Miss Lizzie McAllop, was very interesting. School Management and Discipline, by Miss Lizzie G. Atwater, followed. Morals and Manners, by M. H. Gates, and "The Bad Boy and How to Reform Him," by Mrs. E. A. Gunnison, both on the same subject, evoked much interest. Wednesday morning the Visiting Committees took the 7:45 train by the N. P. C. R. R. for San Francisco, to inspect the various schools of that city.

On Thursday, Mathematics in the School Course, by Geo. C. Russell, embracing the following points, was well handled: Theoretical and Practical Value of. How far shall the subject be taught? Algebra and Geometry in the Grammar School. Arithmetic the basis of the whole study. General lack of thoroughness. Principles in Practice, by Miss Lizzie G. Atwater, was illustrated by a Class Exercise in numbers.

Summary of Arithmetical Work, by Prof. V. Rattan, was given.

Physiological Culture, by L. DeBrish, Principal of San Rafael School, was ably discussed, touching on the following points: Hygiene in the school course; why a knowledge of Anatomy and Physiology is necessary; how taught; calisthenics, ventilation, etc.

Value of Natural History to the Country Teacher, Prof. V. Rattan.

U. S. History, by C. W. Moores, included these topics: What should be taught thoroughly? Method of teaching illustrated; Love for country, how inspired; Geography combined with history.

Practical Entomology, by W. R. Hussey, who spoke of, How shall teachers fulfill the requirements of the new law? Orchard pests and how to destroy them; a practical study of deep interest.

Supplementary Remarks on Entomology, were given by Prof. Rattan, who continued, after recess, with an address on Plant Life, Home Studies in Botany.

Hon. Ira G. Hoitt, State Superintendent of Public Instruction, was in attendance, and entertained the Institute for a short time.

The Opera House was filled Thursday evening with an appreciative audience to hear the lecture on "Milton as an Educator," by Col. Homer B. Sprague.

On Friday, the addresses were, General Utilities, by P. McHugh. MethodsRelative time given to different studies in school course. Discipline. Summary. Language in Primary Classes, by Mrs. Belle J. Fowler. How best taught; Advanced Language Work; Should Technical Grammar have a place in our school course?

Natural History in connection with Geography, by Miss Mary T. Redmond. How the studies may be combined; Class Exercise, illustrating Method. How to interest children in their school work, by Mrs. Clara R. Simpson. After passing a number of resolutions, the Institute adjourned.

SAN LOUIS OBISPO COUNTY INSTITUTE.

The Teachers' Institute of San Luis Obispo County convened on Tuesday morning, May 12th, in the Mission School House, San Luis Obispo. County Superintendent Armstrong called the Institute to order, with appropriate introductory remarks.

Superintendent Armstrong then introduced Hon. C. T. Meredith, of Ventura County, who said he had come more as a worker than as a lecturer.

Superintendent Armstrong deserves great credit for the success of the Institute, as its success depended on his efforts mainly. He had evidently studied carefully the deficiencies of the teachers and worked assiduously to remedy them. As to his carefully prepared programme of exercises, it certainly filled every want and desire.

During the morning session of the Grammar Class, Miss Murray took the lead proving herself a thorough grammarian; Washington district may well feel proud of its acquisition. Many others also took prominent parts in the discussions.

Reading, under the charge of Miss Churchill and Miss Green, was especially interesting. The principal topic of discussion was the question of how to teach prompt recognition of words at sight by small children. To a teacher this question is important. It was well discussed.

The readings of Miss Gladstone and Miss Owens were particularly noticeable, the former in regard to the inflection and modulation; the latter in regard to enunciation, modulation and clearness of voice.

Arithmetic. The leaders of the subject were Prof. C. L. Biedenbach and J. B. Hankenson.

Geography. By far the most interesting lesson of all, was that of how to teach Geography. This was conducted by Hon. C. T. Meredith of Ventura County.

Prof. Biedenbach, during the course of his remarks, struck a key note when he said the great trouble with male teachers was that they taught too much mathematics to the exclusion of other topics.

Mr. Ira Clark also favored the Institute with an address of a few minutes, comparing the old time methods with the present.

The exhibits of school work, although limited, were very creditable. The committee made special mention of Miss Wilson's, Santa Maunela, botanical exhibit, and Miss Wambold's exhibit of map drawing. The exhibit of the city schools was very creditable, both to teachers and pupils.

The address of Dr. C. C. Stratton on "How and what to Read," was a very scholarly, convincing and instructive address, and judging by the countenances of the teachers present, they each and all highly appreciated it.

Prof. C. L. Biedenbach then started a movement to organize a County Teachers' Reading Association. After explaining the manner of organizing and the benefits to be derived from it, some forty teachers signed the roll and the Association was organized.

Miss Congdon then rendered a solo in a very pleasing manner. The remainder of the day was occupied in general discussion, and after resolutions had been passed thanking the lecturers, officers, etc., for their assistance, the County Institute of 1887, was declared adjourned by Superintendent Armstrong.

On Tuesday evening Prof. C. L. Biedenbach of the city schools, favored the audience with a talk on matters in general that pertained to the school interests of this city.

On Wednesday evening Dr. C. C. Stratton of the University of the Pacific, delivered a lecture on Potential Ideas." The lecture referred mostly to the influence of Christianity on Civilization and was able, eloquent and logical; thoroughly convincing as an argument, and yet offensive to no one.

Dr. Stratton's lecture Thursday evening, on the "Sign of the Times," was fully as interesting and instructive as the one on the night previous. The lecturer painted in the minds of his audience in living pictures, the threatening evil of the present labor question. His manner of arranging his climaxes is so lucid that as he finishes the last one, the proof is self-evident and so plainly impressed on the brain of the listener that it is not soon forgotten.

The lecture was a masterpiece of Political Economy, and was of inestimable value to those who were fortunate enough to be present. Dr. Stratton leaves San Luis with a host of friends and admirers behind him. It seemed to be the wish of all that they soon might again have the benefit of another such an address. The Committee on School Exhibit submitted the following:

The following teachers outside of the city schools furnished creditable exhibits to the County Institute: A. P. Wilson, K. C. Warmbold, G. C. Avery, L. Bell, K. E. Peck, H. Howard, C. Richards, L. A. Rogers, K. Riley, C. Fitzwater, T. C. Kavanaugh, Mrs. Hamlin and Mrs. Gladstone. Among which the botanical specimens of A. P. Wilson, and map drawing by K. C. Wambold, deserve special mention.

The Public School at Etna has closed for the season. Mr. C. O. Sharpe, County Superintendent, who had charge of the higher department, and Miss Kate Arnold in primary department, gave entire satisfaction, both to parents and scholars. The people regret to lose Mr. Sharpe, but hope his successor may be his equal. The trustees cannot do better than to re-engage Miss Arnold for next term.

Alva McBroom closed his term of the Shasta Grammar School on May 19th. No teacher yet heard from has given more general satisfaction than Mr. McBroom. In laying down the ferule, he can congratulate himself on the fact which all the pupils and patrons of the school heartily accord-that he has done his duty, faithfully and earnestly.

The Intermediate Department of the Shasta School has also closed. The term was taught by Miss Amelia Blumb, and the closing exercises were witnessed and applauded by quite a number of citizens, who add their testimony in praise of the efficiency of the teacher. Of all the corps of teachers in this county, there is not one more patient, painstaking and diligent than Miss Amelia Blumb.

BUTTE COUNTY.

Much interest was taken in the closing of the Chico schools. Many visitors were present during Wednesday, Thursday and Friday, as the various departments held their closing exercises. The pupils delivered recitations, and music and song added to the pleasure of the occasion. The teachers, Mr. Jasper, Miss Givens, Miss Sexton, Mrs. Morgan and Mrs. Riley have been faithful to their trusts, and retire with honor at the close of the term. The pupils in the various departments presented the teachers with handsome presents.

The closing exercises of the Oroville schools took place on Thursday morning, May 12th, commenced with the Primary Department, Mrs. W. S. Riley, teacher, at 9:30 A. M. The exercises of the Second Intermediate, Mrs. Belle Morgan, teacher, commencing in the afternoon of the same day at 1:30. The First Intermediate, Miss Caroline Sexton, teacher, closed with appropriate exercises on Friday morning, May 13th, commencing promptly at 9:30 A. M. In the afternoon of the same day, Miss Nellie Givens, of the Second Grammar and O. W. Sasper, Principal and teacher of the First Grammar, closed their respective departments with appropriate exercises.

TEHAMA COUNTY.

The teachers of the Public Schools in Red Bluff, with a few friends, and the pupils of Prof. O. E. Graves' room, to the number of about forty, assembled at the latter's residence during an evening recently, while the Professor was down town. Everything had been prepared to surprise him. Shortly after his return, Miss Maggie Poor, on behalf of the members of the Grammar Department, with a few well-chosen remarks, presented Professor Graves with a gold-headed ebony cane, with the recipient's name and the date of presentation engraved on the head. He was so much overcome that he could only thank his pupils and assure them of his sincere endeavors and kindly feeling toward them. On the part of his schoolmates, Winnie Lyon presented his teacher, Miss Belle Miller, with a handsomely illustrated copy of Dante's Inferno, to which Miss Miller made a few feeling ⚫ remarks.

Once again the Reed's Creek School, Mrs. Lizzie M. Dodson, teacher, closed a very successful term. A farewell entertainment and reception was given at the school house. The teacher, Mrs. Dodson, deserves much credit for her untiring and conscientious work during the school term and for the successful and enjoyable termination.