1886. Political frauds exposed in New York City.

66

Arthur dies in New York City.

1887. Centenary of Regents' control of state education. 1888. Great snow-storm over the state.

66 Morton Vice-President.

1889. Centennial of Washington's inauguration celebrated. 1891. Flower Governor.

1892. Columbus Day celebrated in New York.

Vice-President Morton dedicates the World's Fair.

1893. New York Day at World's Fair.

66

66

Great naval parade at New York City.
Buffalo strike.

1894. Morton Governor.

66

66

66

Parkhurst movement and Lexow Committee.
Strong elected Mayor of New York.

Greater New York bill introduced.

1895. Public schools celebrate their birthday,

66

Changes in the judiciary.

1897. Charter granted for Greater New York.

Greater New York charter goes into effect.
Nassau County created.

Primary Election Law passed.

Flag ordered on every public schoolhouse.
Canal scandals.

Reform Conference held at Buffalo.

The Independent Labor Party formed in Greater New York.
The Ramapo Water Scheme denounced.

1900. Roosevelt Vice-President.

66

Ice Trust in New York City denounced.

66

66

66

Anti-vice crusades in the metropolis.

Davis Law modifies the educational system of Greater New
York.

Efforts to unify the educational system of the state.

66 Croton Dam strike.

66

66

Rapid transit begun for New York City.

Committee appointed to revise the charter of Greater New
York.

1901. Celebrations of the twentieth century over the state.
Pan-American Exposition.

66

66

66

President McKinley shot at Buffalo.

Roosevelt becomes President.

1902. Low second Mayor of Greater New York.

THE ARMS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK,

AS RE-ESTABLISHED BY CHAPTER 190 OF THE LAWS OF 1882
AND AMENDED IN 1895.

CHAPTER 190.

AN ACT to re-establish the original arms of the State of New York, and to provide for the use thereof on the public seals.

PASSED May 20, 1882; three-fifths being present.

The people of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows:

Section 1. The device of arms of this State, as adopted March sixteenth, seventeen hundred and seventy-eight, is hereby declared to be correctly described as follows:

Charge.-Azure, in a landscape, the sun in fess, rising in splendor, or,* behind a range of three mountains, the middle one the highest; in base a ship and sloop under sail, passing and about to meet on a river bordered below by a grassy shore fringed with shrubs, all proper.t

Crest. On a wreath, azure and or, an American eagle proper,

*This word, or, derived through the French language from the Latin word aurum, gold, means yellow or gold color, and is represented in engravings by small dots.

ti.e., represented in their natural color.

rising to the dexter, from a two-thirds of a globe terrestrial showing the North Atlantic Ocean, with outlines of its shores.

Supporters.-On a quasi-compartment formed by the extension of the scroll.

Dexter. The figure of Liberty proper, her hair disheveled and decorated with pearls, vested azure, sandaled gules, about the waist a cincture or, fringed gules, a mantle of the last depending from the shoulders behind to the feet, in the dexter hand a staff ensigned with Phrygian cap or, the sinister arm embowed, the hand supporting the shield at the dexter chief point, a royal crown by her sinister foot dejected.

Sinister -The figure of Justice proper, her hair disheveled and decorated with pearls, vested or, about the waist a cinctured azure, fringed gules, sandaled and mantled as Liberty, bound about the eyes with a fillet proper, in the dexter hand a straight sword hilted or, erect, resting on the sinister chief point of the shield, the sinister arm embowed, holding before her her scales proper.

Motto. On a scroll below the shield, argent, in sable, EXCELSIOR. Sec. 7. During the hours when the legislature is in session, the State flag shall be displayed from the Capitol together with the flag of the United States; the State flag shall be blue containing a white circular space charged with the arms of the State in the colors as described in the blason of section one of this Act.

STATE COLOR.

By common consent the imperial color, purple, has been used as the color of the Empire State. No official action was taken as to its adoption, however, till the Columbian exposition of 1893, when the State commissioners in charge of New York's exhibit adopted it as the color emblem of the Empire State.

STATE TREE AND STATE FLOWER.

By vote of the school children of the State taken on Arbor day in 1889 the maple was adopted as the State tree, and in the same way in 1891 the rose was adopted as the State flower.