former 20 by 42 feet. Each ward has separate bathroom and closet. The pharmacy, reception room, operating room, and attendants' room are in the general building and between the two wards. All have cement floors, plastered walls, redwood ceilings, with abundance of light and ventilation. The entire building, including porches, is protected by wire screen against annoyance by mosquitoes and other pernicious insects. Water to the hospital is supplied from a 4,000-gallon galvanizediron tank erected on the north end of the eastern division of the cell house. Hot water will also be supplied through a heater which in due course of time will be erected. The elevated position of the new structure is of itself a superior feature from a sanitary standpoint. Easy access to the hospital is had by a stairway on the west side of the building.

The old hospital was simply an excavation under the hill forming the south side of the main yard. With poor light and still poorer ventilation, it was insanitary at its best.

The system of cell ventilation has been greatly enlarged and improved. The new system consists of a 60-inch Buffalo blower, a 3-inch electric motor, and all necessary pipe. The main pipes extend the whole length of the cell corridor and direct connection with the cells is made from it. The system is ample for all present and future purposes and gives full and complete satisfaction. Heretofore the inmates of the cells have suffered severely through the heated months of the summer. blower and motor are conveniently located over the north end of the cell-house corridor.

The

Another necessary and important improvement has been made by the enlargement of the electric-lighting plant by the addition of a 16-kilowatt generator. This enlargement not only meets present requirements, but provides liberally for future demands. The capacity of the old generator had already been reached prior to putting in the new ventilating system and lights for the new hospital.

The first improvement made during the year was the substitution of iron bedsteads for the wooden bunks in the cell house. These, notwithstanding they were frequently scalded and whitewashed, could not be kept clean and free of vermin. Bedbugs bred in the wood and it seemed impossible to free it of them. The new bedsteads are made of angle iron, are three tiers high, and are readily movable. They are easily kept clean and wholesome.

The laundry has been greatly improved by the substitution of porcelain rollrimmed steel tubs for the wooden ones so long in use. The wall against which the tubs rest has been wainscoted, a new cement floor put in, and other useful improvements made.

The old wooden sheetThe old ones were con

The bath house also came in for its full share of attention. iron lined tubs have been replaced by porcelain lined ones. tinually rusting out and leaking, and were a, continual source of annoyance and dissatisfaction.

A new system of water supply and sewerage has been put in both kitchen and laundry. Heretofore these pipes passed under the floors of the buildings and were a constant source of annoyance and danger. In their present position they are easy of access. Guard stand No. 2, burned on the night of May 29, has been replaced by a new and more advantageously situated one. Both the old and new yards can be guarded

from it.

Three dozen high-post iron bedsteads have been purchased for use in the hospital and guards' quarters. Those for the hospital have been so built that the head of the occupant can be raised or lowered as necessity may require.

A new ventilated ceiling has been put in the tailor and shoe shop. The walls have also been replastered and whitewashed.

A new Knowles steam pump has been purchased to replace the old and worn-out one hitherto in use. This pump will supply water to the hospital tank, feed the boilers if required, and, in a limited manner, can be used in case of fire.

The west end of the dining room has been protected by a large porch or shingled awning; a new floor has been put down in the engine room; and new east and west walls have been put in the building now occupied as bakery, carpenter shop, etc. The walls in question had become dangerous and threatened to fall. The big prison wall was plastered both inside and out, and all wooden buildings and roofs of buildings (of iron and wood) have been given a coat of mineral paint, and all repairs on Territorial property have been kept up.

By gradual process of accumulation the ground surface, or floor, of the yard has grown higher through the course of years until it is higher than the floors of the older buildings, and during the rainy seasons the drainage is toward and into these buildings, and besides the whole yard becomes a slough of mud. To overcome these difficulties and guard against destruction to buildings, a plan of macadamizing the entire yard was decided upon, which work is now in progress, the beginning

having been made about six weeks ago. The plan is to cut the yard to a grade and macadamize in a manner that will last for all time to come. The drainage, which heretofore has damaged the street leading to the prison, will be changed to another direction and will flow through a line of vitrified pipe laid under the macadam. A complete new system of water pipes will also be required before the macadam is laid. To complete the work will require another month or more, but when completed will stand as a lasting monument to a well-directed effort.

This recital of improvement and progress of the year would not be complete were mention not made of the large amount of labor done during the year on "the bank,' or hill, adjoining and practically forming the southern wall of the prison. By the removal of this hill, as designed, the yard of the prison can be greatly enlarged and otherwise improved, as will ultimately be required to meet the conditions of the future. The rock and certain of the other material so removed are the principal resources of the prison for buildings and repairs. The work so done represents the almost constant labor of 50 men.

THE PRISON SCHOOL.

This school was started about two years ago. It, of course, is wholly for the benefit of the prison inmates, many of whom have taken advantage of the opportunities offered and have profited greatly thereby. During the fiscal year there were enrolled 69 pupils, and the branches taught were English, Spanish, and German languages, arithmetic, and music. Grammar, writing, spelling, and composition were made a part of the language study. The school term was two hundred and twenty-four days of seven hours each. Of those receiving instruction 16 were white, 47 Mexicans, 2 negroes, and 4 Indians; 51 studied English, 10 Spanish, 1 German, 16 arithmetic, and 13 music. Good and satisfactory progress has been made in all branches.

THE PRISON LIBRARY.

The number of bound volumes in the library remains practically the same as it was at the beginning of the period covered by this report, with the exception of the addition of ten volumes purchased in May, of this year, of Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History. The condition of the old books is not such as could be desired, owing to frequent handling in regular use, both in and out of the library. About twenty of the leading magazines of the country are subscribed for, as well as nearly all the leading illustrated weeklies. A number of daily papers and religious journals are also taken. While the library is open every day in the year and during the whole of the day, or until the convicts are locked up for the night, and when so opened very generally used as a reading room, a considerable amount of reading matter is taken from the library (under the rules) for reading in the cell house and elsewhere during the day and evening hours. Such literature is mostly confined to monthly magazines, illustrated weeklies, and general newspapers. The bound books taken from the library do not average more than about two a day.

TERRITORIAL REFORM SCHOOL.

The reform school for juvenile offenders was established by an act of the legislature of 1901, the same taking effect on March 21, 1901. Benson, on the transcontinental line of the Southern Pacific Railway, in Cochise County, was selected as the most available place for this institution. The board of trustees of the reform school was appointed by the governor in January, 1901, and the work of selecting a site for the school was taken up at once by the trustees, together with the examination of plans for the building, selecting the material for use in its construction, and letting the contracts for the work. The board of trustees was composed of C. F. Schumacher, of Tucson, chairman; H. Gerwein, of Benson, vice-chairman; H. Buehman, of Tucson, clerk; and their efforts in behalf of the reform school have been at all times ably and conscientiously rendered.

On January 2, 1902, ground was broken, an excellent location having been selected within a convenient distance of the town of Benson,

and on March 9, 1902, the work had so far progressed upon the building that the corner stone was placed in position with fitting ceremonies, numbers of citizens attending from different places in the Territory. The ceremony attending the laying of the corner stone was under the direction of the Masonic fraternity of Arizona.

The building. The reform school building is of Romanesque architecture and is an imposing and substantial structure. The outside dimensions of the building are 120 feet in length by 54 feet 6 inches in depth; two stories in height, with a basement 50 by 35 under each of the two wings. The stone used is white tufa, quarried from the Tucson Mountains, and faced on the inside with brick manufactured in Benson.

On the first floor are the officers' quarters, consisting of reception room, parlors, dining room, kitchen and bedroom, and large dining room and kitchen for the inmates.

The second floor has 9 bedrooms, 2 dormitories, 2 schoolrooms, and 2 bathrooms. The building is so arranged that the girls' apartments are separated from those of the boys.

The offices and large dining rooms have cement floors, all other floors being of wood. All inside partitions are of wood and plastered. The roof is covered with Spanish metallic tile.

The contractors will complete their work on the 15th of September, 1902, but the building will not be occupied until the legislature provides an appropriation for furnishing and maintaining it. The further completion of the building for use will be taken up during the coming session of the legislature.

The water supply. The development of artesian water was carried on during the time the building was in course of construction and excellent results were obtained. At a depth of 1,075 feet a supply was developed sufficient for all domestic uses at the institution. Because of the uncertainty of increasing the flow, the board of trustees decided to cease further effort until such time as the institution may need a greater supply, when a new well will be sunk or the first one deepened. Expenditures.-From the report of H. Buehman, clerk of the board of trustees, I have the honor to submit the following statement of the expenditure of the appropriation, submitted July 28, 1902:

As near as I can estimate, the amount of the appropriation made by the last legislature will be about $33,000. The amount expended when the present contract is completed will be in the neighborhood of $28,600, leaving a balance of the appropriation of about $4,400. This amount would be almost sufficient to complete the building for occupancy.

Following are the disbursements during the year ending June 30, 1902:

Incidental expenses, including telegraphing, typewriting, postage, drawing contracts, notary public, hotel bills, railroad fare for members to attend meetings, etc.

Total

442.79

18.35

15.50

741.39

22.40

70.00

156.67

20, 067.48

NEED OF A REFORM SCHOOL.

Arizona has for many years felt the necessity of a reform school for juvenile offenders. Boys and girls convicted of serious crimes have been placed in confinement in close proximity to hardened criminals, oftentimes the accommodations of the county jails rendering it necessary to place boy prisoners in the same cell room. Confinement as punishment under such conditions might never meet the intention and aim of the law, since the environment is always such as to turn the mind of the youthful prisoner to thoughts of lawlessness, owing to the criminal braggartism of hardened prisoners which constantly meets their ears and occupies their moments of reflection.

At the present time there are several boys confined in county jails throughout Arizona who have committed grave crimes; but, owing to their years, it has been deemed unwise to send them to the Territorial prison to live and work among criminals. The necessity of a reform school, where these young offenders may be confined and educated in work which will fit them for usefulness in later years, was never so apparent in Arizona as it is at the present time, and the reform school at Benson will be welcomed by the people of the Territory.

NATIONAL GUARD.

The report of H. F. Robinson, adjutant-general of the Territory of Arizona, of July 1, 1902, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1902, is in part as follows:

Organization. "The organized militia shall consist of ten companies, organized as infantry or cavalry as the commander in chief shall deem most expedient, and such other special corps as may be hereinafter prescribed." (Military Code, art. 11, sec. 1.) The special corps prescribed are the medical department, a signal corps, and a regimental band.

The actual organization consists of eight companies, of which six companies are in good standing, and two companies, while maintaining the organization, have not for some time held regular drills and are not receiving any money from the Territory. Within the past year one company (A of Thatcher) has been mustered in, and one (K of St. Johns) having fallen below the minimum prescribed has been mustered out. The law prescribes that the companies forming the National Guard of Arizona form a regiment of three battalions, which has been done; there being no appropriation for the maintenance of the special corps they have not been organized.

The heads of the staff departments consist of the adjutant-general (brigadiergeneral), surgeon-general, paymaster-general, judge-advocate-general (all colonels), inspector of small-arms practice (major), signal officer (captain). The adjutantgeneral is ex officio quartermaster-general, inspector-general, and chief of staff.

"The adjutant-general shall be an officer of the National Guard of Arizona, of the active or retired list, who has held a commission therein for at least three years, or who shall have served in the Regular or Volunteer Army of the United States, and shall have been honorably discharged therefrom, or who shall have served as a commissioned officer for at least four years in the National Guard of one of the States or Territories of the United States, and shall have been honorably discharged therefrom."

In addition to the regular National Guard organization, "the military organization of the University of Arizona, of the Territorial normal school, and of such other educational institutions within the Territory of Arizona as may be supported by national or Territorial funds, are hereby made a part of the National Guard of this Territory." They are to be supplied with copies of all orders and publications from these headquarters and are subject to the same inspection as other companies and battalions. They are to be supplied with ammunition for target practice and awarded decorations for proficiency therein, but do not receive any equipment or any money allowance from the Territory. They are not liable to be called into active service, but may volunteer, and if accepted, during the period of such service they

shall be on the same footing as other troops. There is organized under this provision of the law, two companies at the University of Arizona and one company at the normal school at Tempe.

Military code. The military code of Arizona under which we are now organized was prepared by myself and assistant and was passed by the twenty-first legislature. The twentieth legislature had enacted, "No money shall be expended for the National Guard of Arizona unless called into active service."

For two years the Guard struggled along, maintaining its existence without Territorial funds or assistance. This office was in the same condition, but I conducted the affairs to the best of my ability, strong in the hope that the next legislature would do something for us. Determined that it should not be my fault if they did not, I began a campaign with the new legislators before election, and by dint of hard work and a full month's time devoted to personal lobbying during the session, assisted by a few friends in the legislature and two or three officers on the outside, the new bill was passed giving each company $30 per month.

Equipment. The companies forming the Guard are equipped with both the blue fatigue uniform and the khaki uniform, the latter having been supplied them this year. They are also equipped with rifles, belts, canteens, haversacks, ammunition, and materials and equipment for target practice. There is held at the headquarters camp equipage for 100 men, all new the past year, consisting of blankets, shelter tents, wall tents for officers and for hospital, field ranges, dutch ovens, knives, forks, spoons, and cups. These are held for use should any portion of the guard be called out for service, or for encampment use.

The rifles are the .45-caliber Springfield, except that a Company lately organized is to be equipped with the .30-caliber magazine gun. These guns are now at headquarters awaiting shipment. It is hoped that the present Congress will authorize the exchange of the Springfields in the hands of the National Guard for the magazine rifle. A bill for that purpose is now before them.

Personnel.-An army officer (Captain, now Major, Baldwin), who inspected the Guard, in his report to the Secretary of War said: "All organizations visited by me are in a healthy and progressive condition. Judging by the National Guard in the States, I am justified in saying that the National Guard of Arizona is composed of officers and men who have no superiors as soldiers. The National Guard of Arizona is most exclusively composed of men. A look at their clear-cut visages is an assurance that they can be depended upon. I saw no boys with sickly faces or halfdeveloped bodies, too frequently seen in the Guards of the States. The National Guard of Arizona has adopted the Army of the United States as its standard in military matters, and though embarrassed by lack of adequate appropriations, insufficient equipments, and unsuitable armories, yet there evidenced everywhere, by manifest proficiency, that there was a determined purpose on the part of the organizations, at no very distant day, to lay claim to a superior degree of excellence. The National Guard of Arizona is not perfect, but it is in a highly creditable condition. It has healthy and strong military sentiment. Its officers are, as a rule, zealous and competent, and under discouraging circumstances have labored hard and laid a foundation on which, in time, there will be developed a very superior Guard."

What Major Baldwin has said is as applicable to-day as when first written. During the past year all officers elected have been examined as to their fitness to hold the office before being commissioned, and should this policy be followed in the future, it will result in much good to the guard in the increased efficiency of its officers.

Records. The muster-out rolls of the Arizona battalion of the First Territorial Infantry, U. S. Volunteers, are in this office, and for their preservation and for reference should be published, and the next legislature should be asked to make an appropriation for that purpose.

For purpose of reference a card index of all members and exmembers of the National Guard of Arizona, so far as possible, should be compiled from the records of this office. Information of this character is frequently wanted, and it can only be found after a long search.

use.

Blank forms.-Upon my assuming office there was but two or three blank forms in I have prepared and had printed various blanks for returns, reports, transfer of property, bonds, oaths, enlistment, discharge, etc., necessary for properly conducting the business of this office.

Government aid.—The General Government has furnished all of the equipment used by the Guard, no money having ever been appropriated by the Territory for purchase of supplies. In the past twelve years Arizona has received in equipment to the value of over $20,000.

In conclusion, I may say that while the membership in the Guard is not so large as it has been, the interest and efficiency of the individual was never greater.