Jones, he acknowledged, was rather a mean fellow, but still, the speaker remarked, the teachers of the county would do well to imitate him. Mr. Kirk spoke on "Weak Places in Teaching the Common Branches, English and Reading." He is a new man, but won a safe place in the esteem of his hearers because he is unpretentious, appreciative, practical, and sound, without being dull or prosy.

P. M. Fisher spoke on "School Organization and Management, with the cannon punctuating his sentences for some minutes. The audience took the situation with sympathetic good nature and gave the speaker their attention in spite of the stirring scenes in view from the windows. Mr. Fisher also spoke on "Numbers, Reading, and English," and presented some facts interesting to all sections of the State in his address on Northern and Southern California, Educationally. Several profitable exercises in drawing were conducted by Ada Laughlin, the teachers following her directions. Such exercises are to be commended because of their results. The discussions on Numbers may be summed up as declaring against any special number work in the first year (though this had strong opposition), and in favor of more drill within the limits of probable demands of adult life. In reading, the common voice seemed to call for such character and scope of selection as will throw light upon other subjects in hand and furnish the pupil with material for his English study.

In Professor Slate's "Realism in Education, " he uttered a strong protest against the perniciousness of teaching half truths. Professor Dickinson spoke for the conscience in science teaching, that the truth the whole truth, and nothing but the truth might be attained. Keyes' speech on "School Discipline-Its Purposes and Methods," was given in his best vein, with a vigor and aptness of illustration that made it clear that school discipline should aim not to secure quiet, but rather to stimulate to productive industry. E. P. Rowell called the attention of the teachers, in humorous fashion, to the Report of the Committee of Fifteen, urging them to read it. Dr. Dressler emphasized a good point in urging that teachers would do well not to study the child, but to study systematically the children under their charge. Dr. Plummer made use of the familiar cat by a merciful experiment upon a real subject, in a practical talk on physiology. Charles A. Kunou gave the history of Sloyd. His hearers were extremely desirous of hearing him trace the system in the woodwork on the platform, but were disappointed. We would suggest that this line leads to success.

Professor Stringham drew some valuable deductions from a com

parison of the sums expended by the State in education, and in support of asylums, prisons, etc. President Kellogg, evidently with Sacramento experience fresh in mind, gave an address on "Our Future Legislators." He summed up: There is too much legislation; it is too often partisan, ill-advised, illy drawn, and selfish. Superintendent Black and Principal Pierce both addressed the Institute after the first day. There is not space to quote. The writer could not hear all the papers. Let it suffice to record that the program was a strong one; that the teachers took hold of the section work readily and regretted there was not more time; that their attendance and attention under the circumstances were admirable, and that Supt. Riley is to be congratulated upon the personnel of his corps. F.

RIVERSIDE COUNTY.-The teachers assembled at the High School Building in Riverside, March 25, 26, 27. The proceedings mark an epoch in educational meetings in this part of the State. The unique program which had been sent out had made the faint-hearted teacher quake for the ultimate success of the Institute. Our new but brave county superintendent, Mr. Edward Hyatt, had taken a bold initiative and formed a working plan, into which should be drawn the 150 teachers in the county. Mr. Hyatt's address was a master-piece of good sense and scholarly presentation. He at once sprang into sympathy with his new subjects. A copy of the first day's work is here appended to show the plan, and the inferences can be drawn as to its effectiveness:

On

7. A Discussion-Teachers Ungraded Schools, Upstairs. Music, song. Duty, Tennie Mathews, Alamos; Edith Easton, Alessandro; Lillie Martin, Antelope; C. A. Witter, Ramona; William Nehr, Harmony; John Clogston, Desert; Frances M. Purdy, Paloma; and Dr. David Starr Jordan. Subject-"The Rise of the Common Man."

Teachers Graded Schools, Downstairs. Music, song. On Duty, E. B. Oakley, San Jacinto; Inez Hancock, Arlington; Cornelius Groot, Schneider; May Keyes, Fanny Burnap and Charlotte Mayer, Riverside; Ida Anderson, Perris; and Dr. Frank Augell. Subject-"Methods."

8. Noon.

9. 1:30 P. M. A Discussion-Teachers Ungraded Schools, Upstairs. Music. On Duty, Susie Broughn, Rincon; Eliza Mushet, Cloverdale; Sophronia F. Peckham, Cottonwood; Fichie Foote, Diamond; Mabel Miller, Yorba; Sadie Walkem, East Vale; C. E. Putnam, North Mt. Glen; C. J. Lee, Moreno; and Dr. Frank Angell. Subject--" Modern Psychology."

Teachers Graded Schools, Downstairs. Music, guitar, "Das Blumlein," H. C. Pinnell. On Duty, Idale Edmiston, Arlington; Florence Robinson, San Gorgonio; I. L. Harman, San Jacinto; Emma Whitney, Elsinore; May Hancock, Clara McMillen and Lizzie Swope, Riverside; and Professor Thomas P. Bailey. Subject -"The Coördination of Studies."

The teachers were treated to lectures by Dr. David S. Jordan on "Evolution," "Rise of the Common Man," "The School and the

Nation, ""The Fool-killer.'' Dr. Frank Angell gave "Modern Psychology," "Modern Witchcraft," "Methods;" all of which were fine topics to splendid addresses. Dr. Thomas P. Bailey won his hearers for so young a man, by his earnestness, wit, and mastery of subject in "Coördination of Studies," "Three R's," and "The Four Fundamentals." Prof. John Dickinson spoke of "Life from Stone to Man." Prof. Earl Barnes presented in his fine form "Teaching History" and "London Schools." Prof. T. H. Kirk, of San Bernardino, spoke on "Fad and Anti-Fads," which was well received. Music, club-swinging, and quotations by the teachers enlivened the program. Wednesday afternoon, on invitation, occurred a new feature in Institute, that of trustees and teachers meeting to discuss "What each ought to know." Charles Leech, D. D. Durkee, W. A. Correll, directors, presented their views, and were answered by Misses White, Davis and Hadley, teachers. Professors Barnes and Kirk closed the discussion.

The best of feeling prevailed in the debate, which took many phases before it closed. Sharp things were said by both, and there was an honest effort to arrive at logical conclusions that would assist all in bettering the schools of our county. The sessions were attended by retired educators from the city and by friends of education who are still striving for advancement. The foundation is laid for further work by the teacher in pedagogy and education in our county. Immedi ately on adjournment, a teachers' excursion was formed to attend the Southern California Teachers' Association then in session at Los Angeles. EDGAR T. BROGHN, Secretary.

YUBA COUNTY.-The Institute which met at Marysville on April 17th was the most successful ever held here. Superintendent Scott, who called his teachers together in Institute for the first time, was untiring in his efforts to make the work a success. The Institute was exceptionally fortunate in securing Professors Kleeberger, Coffey, and Wilson, as all who have observed their Institute work will agree. Professor Kleeberger "pitched the tune" for the session in his lecture on the "New Education." And though there was an occasional sharp or flat out of place, the work was on the whole in harmony with that line of thought. Supplementary work in arithmetic was discussed by Mrs. Rhinehart, who submitted some books which she had prepared to supplement the work of the State arithmetics. They were heartily endorsed by the teachers aud recommended to the Board of Education for adoption. Mr. Coffey's "Some Essentials of History," a paper on language work by Miss Brooks, and Prof. Wilson's earnest discussion of the " Purpose of our Public Schools" were especial features of Thursday's work. On Thursday evening Mr. Coffey substituted a

Round Table in place of his lecture. As a new departure the Round Table was a great success and very helpful to the teachers. One unique feature was the reading of the definitions of slang given by the teachers at Mr. Coffey's request, as a supplement to his lecture of Wednesday afternoon on "The Utility of Slang." Professor Kleeberger's Evolution of a Continent" was the absorbing subject for Friday, and was full of suggestions for teaching the State Geography. The Institute was charmingly entertained on Wednesday evening by the people of Marysville with a musical program. Institute closed Friday evening with Professor Kleeberger's lecture, "Some Real Fairies"-otherwise, Bacteria. He convinced his listeners that we owe to these good and bad fairies everything from good butter to diphtheria. The youth of the Institute was notable, only two or three life diplomas were represented. A step in the right direction was taken in the appointment of a committee to organize local Institutes throughout the county. E.

THE graduating class of the Fresno High School has requested Superintendent Heaton to secure the Barton Opera House for the closing exercises, and to invite some noted educator of the Coast to deliver an address on the occasion. To meet the expenses the Board decided to charge ten cents admission to all except members of the families represented in the class. The following resolution was also adopted. by the Board: "Resolved, That Professor Heaton express to the graduating class of 1895 that it is the sense and wish of this Board that on the occasion of the forthcoming exercises the members of said class appear in as modest, plain, and inexpensive attire as will reasonably be consistent with the proper observance of the occasion."

A Pointer.

A gentleman has addressed a letter to the Louisville CourierJournal, in which he writes as follows:

"If I get in the School Board again, and I hope to, I shall labor to correct the error which our schools are committing. We are neglecting spelling, and we are doing pupils a wrong. I believe that there should be spelling every day through the school course, up to the very day of graduation. The president of a big company in this city told me that he had to discharge four stenographers, accurate in their shorthand work, but who spelled so wretchedly that he was ashamed to send their typewritten letters to other business firms. It consumed too much time to correct these errors, and he simply had to keep changing until he secured one who could spell creditably.