worth from eight to twelve cents a pound according to quality. Apricots yield two tons of dried fruit to the acre. Peaches yield 4,500 pounds to the acre, worth $40 per ton.

Citrus fruits have not been much grown in Yolo for profit. The fruit from two hundred trees in Capay Valley, paid the owner last season six hundred dollars. Small plantings of orange and lemon trees from five to fifteen years old are in full bearing in all parts of the county, and it is a demonstrated fact that the rich sedimentary soil of Yolo will produce as fine oranges and lemons as ever ripened in the sunshine. A lady in Woodland, from two trees fifteen years old, gathered this season three thousand lemons, by actual count. Riverside orange orchards, in ten acre plots, which originally cost $2.50 an acre, now sell at from $1,500 to $2,000 an acre. The possibilities of citrus fruit culture in Yolo County may be measured by these figures.

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The alfalfa fields of Yolo yield from seven to ten tons of hay to the acre, and green or dried it is the best feed known for dairy or stock cattle. competent authority says: "Texas and Arizona cattle, or thoroughbred stock from the Eastern States or Europe, begin to improve when brought to Yolo, and in a short time you would not know them"-which he attributes to its warm nights and rich pastures. The Bullard Ramboulett inerinos of Yolo County, a cross between the German Rambouletts and the Spanish merino, have a worldwide celebrity and are shipped to the Atlantic States, Asia and Australia. There are also herds of thoroughbred Devon, Durham, Jersey, Holstein, Hereford, and Brown Swiss cattle.

The endurance of the Mexican mustang horse under the severest tests, first drew attention to the value of the dry pastures of the State. The indigenous forage plants, some of great value, notably alfilerilla, burr and redtop clover, bunch grass and wild oats, are thoroughly cured standing as they grow. They tenaciously hold their seed, retaining the nutritive principle in both stalk and seed long after they are ripe and dry, and up to the fall of the

first rain, when the succeeding crop starts its growth. Often in December, always in January and February, the pasturage is abundant before the preceding crop loses all its nutritive strength; in other words, the new forage crop overlaps and intermixes with the old. All kinds of stock will do well through the winter without shelter or other provision for their support. Such conditions could not be improved for raising horses. The foals have four months of sunshine, no winter, and green food when they most need it. With intelligent care in selection and breeding, it is not surprising that the California trotter and thoroughbred race horse soon rivaled his congener of the bluegrass region, and became a stake winner entered in the Eastern States and in Europe. In this hot field many Yolo horses became famous, and it now has some of the most advanced horse-breeding farms on the Pacific Coast, notably those of Edward Corrigan and the Fair estate, near Knights Landing, with the great English stallion St. Avonicus at the head of its breeding stud.

An effective irrigation system in Yolo would increase the yield and value of its lands tenfold, and its natural facilities for irrigation are nowhere equaled. Clear Lake, with an area of eighty square miles, and a catchment of over four hundred, lies in the coast range 1,325 feet above the

Yolo plain. Cache Creek (its outlet) four miles from the lake enters a mountain gorge, through which it flows for twenty miles into Capay Valley. Its fall from the lake to the valley is 850 feet, down the valley it is 200 feet, and across the plain to the Yolo slough it is 150 feet. Fifty thousand horse power could be generated, and the water of the stream could then be used to irrigate all the land upon its borders. That a natural drainage channel from the coast range, which flanks the Sacramento Valley, should exist in Cache Creek is not strange, but that there should be a crosscut through an intervening mountain, connecting the outlet of Clear Lake with the independent catchment of Cache Creek proper, uniting two great drainage systems in one outlet, is a remarkable circumstance, which, in the vastly increased water supply it affords, seems to single out Yolo County as the chosen spot of the Sacramento Valley and the entire Pacific Coast. It can be made immune from the vicissitudes of rainfall, and but for the hindrance of the irrigation laws of the State would long ago have realized the possibilities of its wonderful soil and climate. For many years the Yolo farmer struggled with wheat culture; he tried

to meet the grain buyers and the sack combine with the gang plow, the patent harrow and the combined harvester-but to no avail. Wheat grew everywhere; the middleman reaped the profit; and the wheat farmer was at last forced to turn to the water which for all these years had been flowing unused through his wheat field. Cache Creek was well named; for hidden in its current were fruits, vines and flowers of every hue, alfalfa fields, fat cattle, sheep and hogs, gilt-edged butter, and all that gratifies the eye and taste of man. At last the people of Yolo are alive to the fact that there is wealth in wedding the water and the land. How to get the water on the land is now the important question? The first step in a new constructive policy for Yolo and the whole of North California would be the repeal of the present irrigation laws, and the establishment of a system of irrigation under State control, all vested riparian rights to be paid for by the State which is responsible for the laws under which they were acquired.

Woodland is situated in the center of the rich Cache Creek delta. It is less than one hour by rail from Sacramento and four hours from San Francisco. It is connected with all the leading trunk lines to the Eastern