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wealthy and distinguished family, and was educated at Eaton College. When he grew to early manhood he felt the earnest desire not to live in selfish ease and luxury, but to devote his leisure to the benefit of his brother men. Touched by the squalor and wretchedness of the poor boys in the London streets, he opened a sort of Refuge and ragged school for them. It soon appeared that he had been gifted with such power of control over boys, such sympathy with them, such a faculty for raising and in. fluencing them, that numbers of youths began to look up to him as their patron and their friend, and he began a work which resembled the remarkable efforts of General Gordon at Gravesend. The work grew and grew to such an extent that at last Mr. Quintin Hogg was led, at his own expense, to acquire the great building known as the "Polytechnic," and there to start gymnasia, baths, classes, services and instruction in all branches of technical and useful knowledge. There the number of youths who flocked to share these advantages rose to many hundreds, and first and last Mr. Quintin Hogg must have exercised a beneficent power over the lives of some thousands. There are, I believe, at least two thousand youths who are now in connection with the Polytechnic, and with truly royal munificence the founder has spent upon it no less than £250,000 of his own income. It is at this Institute that Dr. Lunn works as Chaplain, and it is his interesting and important duty to influence these youths so that they may walk in the paths of righteousness amid the mani

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fold temptations of the world, and grow up to be "profitable members of the Church and Commonwealth, and hereafter partakers of the Immortal glories of the Resurrection.". He is Speaker of the Polytechnic Parliament, which numbers more than five hundred members; he has Bible classes on week nights, and every Sunday evening he addresses a gathering of some twelve hundred and fifty youths. What work could be more useful?

Next, Dr. Lunn is editor of the Review of the Churches. Nothing is more difficult in these days than to start a new religious periodical, and the Review has had to struggle with many able competi

DR. HENRY LUNN.

tors. Its distinctive feature, and perhaps, alas! one of the reasons why it has not achieved a success proportional to its high merits, is its remarkable fairness and catholicity. A periodical which is the organ of a party commands the support and enthusiasm of religious partisans, and is often successful in exact proportion to its spirit of animosity and one-sidedness. But a periodical which only appeals to the essential unity of all Christians, which rises above the exacerbating controversies and subordinate distinctions of sects and parties; which recognizes each great body of Christians as a Church of Christ, inasmuch as it is a part of the one common universal

Church of Christ; such a journal, strange and sad to say, is far less likely to command a wide circulation. Yet the Review of the Churches has been full of admirable and pre-eminently valuable matter, and has in many ways exercised a high influence as the main and almost the sole representative of the movements which make for Christian unity.

Again, Dr. Lunn had been the originator and the leading spirit of the now famous Grindelwald Conference. It was founded in 1892 with the same high object which has played so large a part in all Dr. Lunn's endeavors-the desire to promote Christian Unity. This could best be furthered by bringing Christians

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MR. QUINTIN HOGG.

of the proposal were men so well known as Earl Nelson, the President of the Home Reunion Society; the eloquent Dr. W. Boyd Carpenter, Bishop of Ripon; the learned Dr. Perowne, Bishop of Worcester; Dr. Maclaren, so well known for his sermons in all the Churches of Congregationalism; Mr. Hugh Price Hughes, one of the leading representatives of Wesleyans; Père Hyacinthe, one of the most eminent preachers of the Conferences at Notre Dame in Paris, and afterward one of the leaders of the Old Catholic movement which arose from the Pope's new and monstrous dogma of Papal Infallibility; Dr. Clifford, Dr. Berry, and many others whose praise is in all the Churches. It was the custom of these Christians of varying bodies, but one in heart, to meet together on Sunday morning at that festival which is pre-eminently the festival of Christian Union and Christian love, the Holy Eucharist. On one occasion, the regular chaplain being absent through illness, the conduct of the service was kindly and readily taken by the Bishop of Worcester. This circumstance led to the usual virulence of deliberate misrepresentation in the current "religious" journals of the extreme Ritualists, and thus furnished one more proof, if proof were needed, of the way in which the Holy Supper-which should be the very bond of peace and of all tender and holy memories among the true servants of a crowned Lord-has been turned by sacerdotalism and materialistic superstition into a watchword of controversy and a source of disunion.

During the sessions of the Conference the lovely mountain village of Grindelwald was accidentally burnt down, and much damage was done, though

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happily no lives were lost. Nevertheless the Conference, which was attended by 950 persons, was eminently successful. The pilgrims were engaged all day in delightful recreation or pleasant mountain excursions, and in the evening they met for interchange of thought, which was rendered more frank and interesting by the social ties which they had formed among themselves in mutual intercourse. Men of the most diverse opinions learnt to understand and to love each other; to learn that though opinions differ, Christianity is one; to find more earthly charity in their hearts for brethren whom, if they were faithful, they would meet in the large tolerance of a common untheological and uncorrupted Heaven; to learn what Christ meant when

He said, "Herein shall men know that ye are my disciples if ye love one another."

The Conference of 1893 was attended by no less than 1,600 persons. Apart from the happiness and enjoyment of the many who attended it, the most important incident was the issue of an appeal to the Churches signed by the Bishop of Worcester, Canon Barnett, Preb. Webb Peploe, and other dignitaries of the Church, as by most leading Nonconformists. Among other suggestions this appeal urged that on Whit Sunday special prominence should be given in all Churches to the subject of Christian Unity in the midst of minor theoretic diversities. The Archbishop of Canterbury, the Moderator of the Church of Scotland, and other ecclesiastical rulers, responded to the appeal,

with a result that the evils of religious division were emphasized in sermons preached on the Festival of Pentecost in Westminster Abbey, St. Paul's Cathedral, many provincial cathedrals, and many churches both of the Anglicans and the Dissenters.

In 1894 the Conference returned to Grindelwald and was attended by twenty-five hundred visitors. It was not only a very conspicuous social success, but resulted in an appeal to all Methodist bodies to unite in co-operative reunion. This address was signed by the Presidents of the four English Minor Methodist bodies, by Mr. Hugh Price Hughes, and by Dr. J. B. Neely, the Commissioner for Reunion appointed by the Methodist Episcopal Church of America.

There is not one of these hundreds of visitors who would not unite in the testimony, that, as these gatherings were inaugurated by Dr. Lunn, so they owe to his tact, courtesy and remarkable skill in organization, all their happiness and material success as well as their higher moral significance.

As a fourth public service which is chiefly indebted to Dr. Lunn I may mention the recent Bible Education Council. The object of the Council was to avert, if possible, the imminent peril of the secularizing of National Education in consequence of the very illadvised attempts, promoted mostly by members of the extreme Ritualist party, to enforce fresh theological definitions of a very bold and partial character on the calm and noble Compromise of 1871, by which the members of the first London School Board, a Board far superior to any of its successors, had secured to thousands of London children a thoroughly sound Biblical education in accordance with their age and capacity. The imposition of a Circular could not but have practically brought with it the imposition of tests, which the English nation in general has happily come to abhor as the favorite instrument of priestly tyranny and exclusiveness. The tactics of a small party majority of what claimed for itself the name of the "Church party" and even, with still more consummate arrogance of the Christian party

on the School Board, have been prolific of every possible disaster, the disgust of thinking men, the deep pain of all who love peace, the dragging down of the most consummate mysteries to the level of vestry politics, the embitterment of Christians against Christians, deepened alienation of the whole Nonconformist body from the Church of England, the indignation of the great body of workingmen, storms of furious and often most unscrupulous misrepresentations, and the revolt and disgust of hundreds of teachers who felt themselves cruelly and foully wronged by the suspicions that they had abused the Compromise for the insinuation of un-Christian or Unitarian teaching. On the Bible Council were united clergymen and Nonconformists who-although many who eventually agreed with them and knew them to be absolutely in the right, were too timid to join them,-yet won an absolute moral victory and averted an imminent peril. The absurd anomalies of the cumulative vote in huge electoral districts did indeed give a majority of three to the party which dubbed themselves "Moderates as against the Progressives, but the Progressives had a majority of some one hundred thousand votes. The infinite labor and correspondence which fell on Dr. Lunn in the work of the Bible Council prevented the visit to America which had been arranged for the October of 1894.

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What I have said is, I trust, sufficient to show the high aims, the modesty, the ability, the self-sacrificing magnanimity of my friend Dr. Lunn; and I am quite sure that all American citizens who come to know him cannot fail to regard him with genuine esteem. In spite of the part which he has taken in various controversies, he has no enemies. And he, for his part, will, I doubt not, carry back with him from America the same feeling of lifelong gratitude for the spontaneity and warmth of American friendliness and hospitality which is cherished as a lifelong treasure of memory by myself and by so many Englishmen who have had the good fortune to visit the United States.

THE ARMENIAN CRISIS.

[The subjoined article upon Armenia and its affairs, toward which the eyes of the whole civilized world are at this moment directed, has been prepared, in the light of the most recent information, by an American who has intimate knowledge of affairs in Armenia, derived from years of residence, and who has returned to this country within a few weeks. The illustrations are chiefly from photographs taken by himself. His name is withheld for reasons which concern others and which will be appreciated by every one who understands the difficulty of obtaining full and frank evidence regarding the horrors of Turkish administration.-EDITOR.]

A

VICTIMS OF TURKISH TAXATION.

LURID flash, and the echo of a smothered cry,

has reached the civilized world, from out of the oblivion and silence in which Armenia has been wrapped. A startled and confused effect has been produced. Is this to be all? The snows of a severe mountain winter are already rapidly sealing the country, effectually preventing any European commission from making personal investigations on the ground before spring. By that time, six months will have elapsed, the signs of the massacre will all have been removed, the country will have been put in a very peaceful and orderly aspect, and public interest will have died out.

Why this perilous delay? The British Government is in possession of the detailed report of Vice-Consul Halward, made upon the spot within a few days of the event. Unimpeachable written testimony has repeatedly been received from disinterested parties, living within a day's ride of the scene, positively substantiating the horrible accounts that have, after three months, found their way into the press. The powers have abundant evidence on which to proceed with the case, if compelled by sufficient popular interest.

In this crisis, after long silence, I feel that Christian manhood demands from me a statement, which cannot be buried in the archives of the British foreign office" for state reasons," nor withheld in an authenticated form by mission secretaries who must be loyal to the interests of great missionary enterprises. The motives and spirit of the latter are un

questioned. I simply discharge a duty which my freedom from any responsible connection with either diplomats or boards renders both possible and obligatory.

So far as the statements in this paper are not based on my own personal investigations, they are taken from written documents, furnished with difficulty and risk by parties neither Turkish nor Armenian, for whose veracity and competence I vouch, but whose names, in the nature of the case, cannot now be published. The illustrations are from photographs obtained by myself on the ground or by exchange with European gentlemen.

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the western end of Lake Van, about eight hundred miles east of Constantinople, two hundred and fifty miles south of Trebizand on the Black Sea, and only one hundred and fifty miles from the Russian and Persian frontiers of Asiatic Turkey. These distances do not seem great until the difficulties of travel are considered. The roads are, in most cases, bridle paths, impassable for vehicles, without bridges, infested with highwaymen, and unprovided with lodg

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