Hon. Wm. Whiting, 566 572 3. Geographical Discovery and Research, 4. Return of Rebel States to the Union, 5. Frederick VII., the Republican King of Denmark, Spectator, POETRY.-Death of Archbishop Whately, 530. The High Tide on the Coast of Lincolnshire, 575. Little by Little, 576. Song, 576. SHORT ARTICLES.-Goethe's Faust, 534. American Literature in France, 534. Literary Intelligence, 552, 571. Societies for the Assistance of Wounded Military Men, 571. Death of Stephen Woronin, the Russian Privy-Councillor, 574. The New Nile Expedition, 574. NOTICE TO THE TRADE. To meet the increased cost of production, we shall be obliged, at the beginning of the new volume (No. 1022), to add one cent to our Wholesale Prices. We hope that it may not be long before we shall be able to increase the number of our pages-and to afford to dealers the reasonable profit they have hitherto had. 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ANY VOLUME may be had separately, at two dollars, bound, or a dollar and a half in numbers. ANY NUMBER may be had for 13 cents; and it is well worth while for subscribers or purchasers to complete any broken volumes they may have, and thus greatly enhance their value. THE DEATH OF ARCHBISHOP WHATELY. | And better far than flowers that blow and per And better far than eloquence--that golden The luminous style through which there is be- The honest beauty of the face of Truth. And better than his loftiness of station, His power of logic, or his pen of gold, The half-unwilling homage of a nation ish Some sunny week, the roots deep-laid in mould Of quickening thoughts, which long blue summers cherish, Long after he who planted them is cold. Yea, there be saints, who are not like the painted But hiding deep the light which they contain. The rugged gentleness, the wit whose glory Beneath such things the sainthood is not seen; Till in the hours when the wan hand is lifted Of mortal weariness our eyes are gifted To see a quiet radiance caught from Christ; Till from the pillow of the thinker, lying In weakness, comes the teaching then best taught, That the true crown for any soul in dying Is Christ, not genius, and is faith, not thought. O wondrous lights of death, the great unveiler, Shows us the star-sown amplitudes of space! O strange discovery, land that knows no bounding, Isles far off hailed, bright seas without a breath, What time the white sail of the soul is rounding The misty cape-the promontory Death! Rest then, O martyr, passed through anguish Rest then, O patient thinker, o'er the portal, out. O long unrecognized, thy love too loving, Too wise thy wisdom, and thy truth too free! What measure shall there be to Ireland's weep- What are her best ones to so dear a head, of fierce extremes to one who seemed so cold. By his dear Master's holiness made holy, The purity by private ends unblotted, The love that slowly came with time and tears, The honorable age, the life anspotted, That are not measured merely by their years. All lights of hope upon that forehead broad, Ye mourning thousands, quit the minster slowly, And leave the great Archbishop with his God. W. A. -Spectator. From The Spectator, 17 Oct. ment shown in others of Dr. Whately's works were, like all these qualities, even better suited to the press than the pulpit: and, on the other hand, the archbishop seems to us to have been somewhat out of place in bearing witness, to the natural and intellectual world, of the supernatural and spiritual. THE late Archbishop of Dublin was, if we compare him with his equals in position and his fellow-laborers in the church, not only a very conspicuous, but a very remarkable man, full of manly ability, intellectual acuteness, pertinent learning, didactic gifts, and honest Not, indeed, that there were many of his convictions. There was, and is still, on the right reverend or most reverend brethren who episcopal Bench certainly one, and probably seemed better qualified for this duty. Few more than one, superior to him in learning|bishops in any communion seem half as well and cultivated judgment; one or two who fitted for representing the supernatural world were more than his match in eloquence and to the natural as they do for the converse diplomatic skill; and there have been several duty, if such a duty there were, of representwith greater abilities as ecclesiastical states- ing the natural and visible world in the court men and administrators of church property of the invisible and supernatural. Who does and influence. But it would be difficult, tak- not feel how much more admirably Cardinal ing all his qualifications together, to name Wiseman could plead the case of mundane his superior in liberal feeling, practical learn- ideas to the supra-mundane, than he seems, ing, didactic zeal, and hearty, if somewhat util- to the eyes of strangers at least, to succeed itarian, piety. And yet there is some sense in his spiritual embassy to this world? Who of dissonance in connecting his intellectual would not trust the Bishop of Exeter better to character with his actual work in life. We explain the wise complexities of ecclesiastical habitually think of his prompt and some- law to the astonished saints than to teach what abrupt intelligence, his sententious crit- saintliness to ecclesiastics? If we except icism, his keen logic, his contemptuous sense, such men as Fenelon, Berkeley, Butler, Hehis skilful argumentative strategy, as better ber, and their successors to the number of, persuited to the press than the pulpit. The haps at most, two or three bishops in a generaclean-cut reasoning of his "Cautions for the tion, it might always be said that the Bench Times" would have moulded into admirable of Bishops would be one of the best delegations "leaders" in a religious newspaper, neither we could possibly send to explain the views going back too deep into general principles of the respectable conservative opulence of nor ignoring them too much; and his adroit this world to the saintly radicalism of those and neatly fitted illustrations would have ren- who are absolutely "not of this world." dered them as striking to the public as they But the late Archbishop of Dublin was not would have been ingenious to thinkers. His of this type. He was not at all a worldly power of condensing the impressive points of man, though he was by no means of the order a case was little less remarkable than Paley's. of the Fenelons, or Butlers. Yet valuable as His tact in preparing his readers for intel- was his archiepiscopal service in Ireland, lectual disappointment, in making them feel especially in the work of education, we canthat all the fault of it lay in their own foolish not help thinking of " a square peg in a round and extravagant expectations, till at last he hole" when we first read his manifold, acute, had browbeaten them into gratitude for any and ingenious writings, and then think of fragments of intellectual satisfaction he had his position at the head of a missionary clergy reserved, was, at least, as great as the old in a country of alien faith. That he was abArchdeacon of Carlisle's. All those-and solutely free from bigotry, indeed, and dethey must be many-who have as children voted to the cause of liberal education, was learned their " easy lessons" from the arch- no slight recommendation. But that he had bishop's manuals, must have experienced the in him any spiritual fire capable of communisensation of being held as in a vice between cating itself to those not of his own faith,— his sharp alternatives and clearly pointed any yearning of heart after the poor sheep dilemmas, not without a vague hope that scattered abroad, either shepherdless or per"when they were big" they might, perhaps, haps sometimes worse than shepherdless, over discover some way to throw off the intellect- that unfortunate island, it would not be easy ual yoke. The keen humor and strong judg- to maintain. Even this would have gone without remark in some of his brethren, | on the word "Person, that " to require exwhose characters, at once formal and formless, planation of what God is in himself, is to -naturally shapeless, shaped only by cir- attempt what is beyond the reach of the hucumstances, would not seem more out of place here than there,-being in place nowhere. But Dr. Whately's character was strong and strongly marked. We feel there was some niche in the nation that was above all others fitted for it. We do not feel that that niche was the head of a church, especially a missionary church. Inan faculties," and foreign to the apparent design of Scripture revelation; which seems to be chiefly, if not wholly, to declare to us . . . with a view to our practical benefit, and to the influencing of our feelings and conduct, not so much the intrinsic nature of the Deity, as what he is relatively to us;" in other words, that theology is a delusion, the And yet Dr. Whately's interests were al- only purpose of revelation being to produce ways centred in what are usually called the an effect on human feelings,-which effect, moral sciences, that is, the sciences concern- by the way, would fail to be produced, if it ing themselves with man as man, not with were admitted from the beginning that revelanature-the metaphysical, logical, social, and tion is not the removal of a veil from God, political sciences. And these, one would but the beneficent tuning of human thoughts think, if traced to their roots, would lead a and nerves. We may say of Dr. Whately's deep thinker into the confines between the theology as Dr. Newman wrote in "Loss and divine and the human. Dr. Whately, how- Gain" of one of his fictitious characters, meant ever, though a strong, was not a deep thinker. probably for a cross between Dr. Whately He had an Aristotelian pleasure in classifying and Dr. Hampden,-"The Rev. Dr. Brownaccurately, a Baconian pleasure in bringing side, the new Dean of Nottingham, some these classifications to bear shrewdly on the time Huntingdonian Professor of Divinity, business of life, a Paleyan pleasure in econo- and one of the acutest, if not the soundest mizing divine power by creating round the academical thinker of the day; "-" RevelaChristian faith the most formidable of earth- tion to him, instead of being the abyss of works, and resting thereon its impregnability God's counsels, with its dim outlines and against ordinary scepticism; but in the arch-broad shadows, was a flat sunny plain, laid bishop's intellect, scarcely less than in Aris-out with straight, macadamized roads. Not, totle's, there was a great gulf fixed between of course, that he denied the divine incomthe moral sciences and their ultimate super-prehensibility itself with certain heretics of natural assumptions. The former were as old; but he maintained that in Revelation much as possible arranged so as to look com- all that was mysterious had been left out, plete in themselves, and disguise the necessity for a final spring across a chasm to which there was no bridge. His treatise on " Logic," so neat in appearance, has all the effect of fitting on to the intellect a suit of ready-made clothes; and many is the student who has wondered where it grew from, and how the mind had managed to "secrete" it all, points on which the archbishop throws no Dr. Whately's greatest powers were never single ray of light. His political discussions shown, as it seems to us, as an archbishop at always fill you with fresh surprise, that all. His cleverest books were his little satiriChurch and State, defined as he defines them, cal treatises mocking the German school of should have had any root at all in human so- criticism,—his wisest and best, we think, his ciety, or that their actual roots should ever shrewd comments on, and illustrations of, the be capable of bearing the very different graft wisdom of Bacon. The "Historic Doubts which he proposes to graft upon them. And relative to Napoleon Bonaparte," and "Hishis theology is more remarkable for warning toric Certainties respecting the Early History you off any attempt to know God, than for of America," are masterpieces of ingenuity teaching you that highest of sciences. Like and of a certain kind of intellectual humor. Mr. Mansel in more recent years, Dr. Whately They do not prove quite so much as their long ago taught us in the note to his "Logic" author, perhaps, supposed. They only do and nothing given us except what was practical and directly concerned us." So far from denying God's incomprehensibility, Dr. Whately strenuously maintains it as a reason for addressing ourselves, not to the apprehension of Him, but to the mastery of a few clearly defined intellectual postures which are the best pleasing to Him. prove that it is exceedingly easy to pick out of the more popular and just Ecnarfite instiunanswerable objections even to a true history, tutions? In this strain of happy irony, full if that history be related in the brief, matter-of- of fresh surprises, Dr. Whately takes off the fact form of annals, like many of the books spirit of the "higher criticism." of the Old Testament. But if we look at these little books not as justifications of every doubtful history, but as warnings against the rash spirit of the" higher criticism," they are certainly complete. For instance, we need only give the opening of the second jeu d'esprit,-in which it will be seen at once that the history of the French Revolution is narrated, the names being all spelt back-gested by the facts of his own social experiwards, Niatirb for "Britain," Egroeg for George," Ecnarf for "France," Sivol for "Louis: 66 "In the days of Egroeg king of Niatirb did Sivol reign over Ecnarf, even as his fathers had reigned before him. The same was a just man and merciful. And the people, even the Ecnarfites, came and stood before Sivol, and said, Behold thy fathers made our yoke very grievous; now therefore make thou the ་ But clever as this is, it does not represent the shrewdest and soundest side of the archbishop's mind. His edition of Bacon's "essays," is, we think, clearly his best book,— for his intellect is never so sound as when, taking its stand on the level of another's admitted wisdom, it points out the more modern applications and distinctions which are sug ence. It is impossible to give adequate illustrations, for it is of the very essence of these comments to embody shrewd insulated observations; but the following is a fair specimen of the sort of remark which abounds everywhere in this series of sagacious notes. It is in the notes on Bacon's essay entitled "Of Wisdom for a Man's Self:" "It is worth remarking that there is one heavy yoke of thy fathers, which they put point wherein some branches of the law differ upon us, lighter; and give us statutes and of a totally different class. Superior ability from others, and agree with some professions ordinances that be righteous, like unto those and professional skill, in a judge, or a conveyof Niatirb, and we will serve thee. And the king did as they required. Then the Ecnarf-ancer, are, if combined with integrity, a pubites laid hands on King Sivol, and slew him, individuals, not at the expense of any others; lic benefit. They confer a service on certain and all his house, and all his great men, as and the death or retirement of a man thus many as they could find. But some fled in And ships, and gat them away to Niatirb, and qualified is a loss to the community. the same may be said of a physician, a manufacturer, a navigator, etc., of extraordi dwelt in Niatirb. And the Ecnarfites said, Let us now have no king, neither ruler over us, but let us do every one as seemeth right in his own eyes; then shall we be free, and we will set free the other nations also.' Then the King of Niatirb, and divers other kings, even the chief among all the rulers of Eporue, made war with one accord against the Eenarf-is ites, because they had slain the king; for they said, Lest our people also slay us. nary ability. A pleader, on the contrary, of powers far above the average, is not, as such, and credit for himself and his family; but any serviceable to the public. He obtains wealth special advantage accruing from his superior ability, to those who chance to be his clients, just so much loss to those he chances to be opposed to; and which party is, on each occasion, in the right, must be regarded as an even chance." How happily Dr. Whately comments on this narrative any one who knows him will There is nothing very striking in this alone; easily imagine, even if he does not remember. but observation of this sort is to be found on He shows that it is plainly the work of a almost every page, and the number of such Niatirbite, written in the design of exalting remarks shows Dr. Whately's intellect in its Niatirb, since it states first that Sivol was a strongest light. He had the quickest of eyes just king, although he ruled "even as his for seeing the application of any acute obserfathers ruled; next that his fathers had ruled vation to a great number of different practiunjustly; and, lastly, that Sivol, for import- cal situations. He gave one the impression ing the so-called improvements of the king-of a mind which did not feed on its own condom of Niatirb, was, in fact, put to death by victions, but ranged somewhat restlessly his people. What can be clearer than the inference that the Niatirbite chronicler, contrary to all truth, is obviously glorifying the despotic Niatirbite institutions at the expense about in search of new distinctions and applications,-a sort of Aristotle-Paley, taking distinctions with cold Aristotelean sharpness, using them as utilitarian ammunition against |