Reform and Regulation of Property Rights

amendment American applied argued argument authority bill Brandeis cited in note citizens City Civil clause Coal commerce common Company compensation concerned Congress conservative considered constitutional contract cost decision determined discussed dissenting doctrine due process economic effect employer equal established exercise existing fact fair federal Field filled milk freedom Harvard Law Review held important individual industry interest involved issue judges judicial Justice labor land later legislation legislature liberal liberty limited Lochner majority matter means measure moral natural opinion passed persons police power political present principle privileges Products prohibition protection provisions question railroad reason regulation relation restrictions result Review rule secure social statute supra note Supreme Court taking term theory thought tion United upheld utility wages women workers York