Higher Education in a Changing World

academic freedom achieved administration age group American arts autonomy become Bologna Brazil Brian Holmes CEGEP cent centres century concept Council countries courses created culture degree demand Descartes disciplines economic educa educational system elite engineering enrolment established existing expansion F. R. Leavis faculty Federal finance function German graduate Grandes Ecoles grants growth Hastings Rashdall higher education important increased industrial institutions of higher intellectual knowledge liberal London ment needs non-university number of students OECD organization particular planning political polytechnics population problems professional professors programmes provinces Puritan qualified Quebec reform responsibility Robbins Report role scholars scientific secondary schools sector sities social society Soviet Soviet Union specialized staff structure Studium system of higher teachers teaching technical colleges tion traditional undergraduate univer University of London USSR vocational West Germany