to pecuniary limitations caused by the war. The many subscriptions which are called for from the class of persons chiefly represented in the association have caused an unusual number of members to resign from it or to omit to pay their annual dues, and a serious diminution of revenue is already visible, while the efforts to increase endowment, hopefully undertaken at the beginning of 1917, have been nearly discontinued since the entrance of the United States into the war. The feeling has been that success was not to be expected in times so unpropitious. Yet it is impossible to remain permanently content with anything short of a large increase in the association's scientific activities, for it is impossible not to feel with great earnestness the increased responsibility of America for maintaining the apparatus of the world's civilization. In every European country the sources from which scientific undertakings have been sustained will have been dried up or almost fatally diminished by the war. A recent German educational article sets forth, in plaintive accents, with many statistics, and with much truth, that "our superiority, anchored in the popular education of Germany and in the standard of our culture," will be impaired, that Germany's intellectual development would be reduced to a wretched condition if Germany were to lose this war, or even if it were to be obliged to conclude a peace of renunciation." In any probable event of the war, America will emerge from it less damaged than any other combatant. When this shattered world resumes with pathetic courage the work of advancing civilization, it were shameful for America not to assume the chief part, if not in the labors of scholarship themselves, at any rate in their sustainment. Hers should be, in all departments of knowledge, the chief funds for the endowment of research.

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At the moment, however, the American Historical Association had nothing before it but to pursue a prudent course. The report of the secretary, Mr. Leland, showed an actual membership of 2,654, less by 85 than was reported a year before. That of the treasurer, Dr. Bowen, indicated net receipts, for the year, of $8,659, net expenditures of $9,454, a deficit of $795. The assets were reported as $28,516. They would have been less than those of the year preceding by the amount of the deficit mentioned, and by a decline of $200 in the value of certain securities, but these losses had been more than counterbalanced by the payments made into the general endowment fund, for which it was reported that subscriptions amounting to $3,365 had been made, and $1,490 had been paid in.

The secretary of the council, Prof. Greene, reported its transactions, as required by the constitution, and a number of recommendations, all of which were adopted by the association. Dr. Bowen, who had been the treasurer of the association throughout the whole 33 88582°-19

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years of its existence, having retired from that office, the secretary of the council reported resolutions by which that body endeavored to express its sense of the society's indebtedness to Dr. Bowen for this long period of unselfish and efficient labor, and the association with much warmth of feeling passed resolutions of similar tenor. The Secretary of the council also reported on the work of various committees, and also on the budget and the necessary omission of appropriations to several of these committees. Mr. Shearer reported the results of the conference of historical societies, Prof. Herbert E. Bolton, informally, on the latest meeting of the Pacific Coast Branch. Prof. Edward P. Cheyney, chairman of the board of editors of the Review, reported on its transactions and on the policy which it has adopted during war time, and the association took the final steps in adjusting the financial relations between the board and the association. The committee on the Adams prize, unable to report at the time of the business meeting, has since reported an award of the prize to Lieut. F. L. Nussbaum, of the National Army, for an essay entitled "G. J. A. Ducher: An Essay in the Political History of Mercantilism during the French Revolution."

Upon recommendation by the council, the conditions of award of the two prizes were so modified as to provide that the field of the Winsor prize shall be American history, that of the Adams prize the history of the Eastern Hemisphere; that printed monographs as well as manuscript may be submitted and considered; and that a manuscript to which a prize has been awarded may be printed in the annual reports, publication in separate volumes being discontinued after the present year.

The report of the committee on nominations was presented by its chairman, Prof. Frank M. Anderson, of Dartmouth College. In accordance with its recommendations, Mr. William R. Thayer, first vice president of the association, was elected president, Prof. Edward Channing first vice president, Mr. J. J. Jusserand, ambassador of France, second vice president. Mr. Waldo G. Leland, Prof. Evarts B. Greene, and Mr. A. Howard Clark were reelected to their respective offices of secretary, secretary of the council, and curator. Mr. Charles Moore, of Detroit, president of the United States Fine Arts Commission, was elected treasurer. The new members chosen to the council were Profs. William E. Dodd, of the University of Chicago, Walter L. Fleming, of Vanderbilt University, and William E. Lingelbach, of the University of Pennsylvania. The full list of officers, of members of the council, and of committees appears on a later page. The council elected Prof. Charles H. Haskins, of Harvard, a member of the board of editors of the American Historical Review for the period of six years from the adjournment of the meeting, in succession to Prof. Ephraim Emerton, whose term then expired.

PROGRAM OF THE THIRTY-THIRD ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION, HELD IN PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, DECEMBER 27-29, 1917.

Wednesday, December 26.

4 p. m. Council meeting. Green room, Bellevue-Stratford.

Thursday, December 27.

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"The

10.30 a. m.: General session-American history. Clover room, BellevueStratford. "The Association," J. Franklin Jameson, Washington, D. C. significance of the North Central States in the middle of the nineteenth century," Frederick J. Turner, Harvard University. 'Influence of wheat and cotton on Anglo-American relations during the Civil War, Louis B. Schmidt, Iowa State College. "Relations between the United States and Mexico, 18671884," Herbert E. Bolton, University of California.

1 p. m.: Joint subscription luncheon by the American Historical Association, the American Economic Association, the Political Science Association. Ball room, Bellevue-Stratford. Edgar F. Smith, provost, University of Pennsylvania, presiding. Address: "A Government experiment in war publicity," Guy Stanton Ford, of committee on public information.

2.30 p. m.: Ancient history. Joint session with the American Archæological Institute and the American Philological Society. Engineering Building, University of Pennsylvania. Chairman, James H. Breasted, University of Chicago. "The cosmopolitanism of the religion of Tarsus and the origin of Mithra," A. L. Frothingham, Princeton University. Discussion opened by Nathaniel Schmidt, Cornell University. "Oriental imperialism," A. T. Olmstead, University of Illinois. Discussion opened by Morris Jastrow, jr., University of Pennsylvania. "Greek imperialism," W. S. Ferguson, Harvard University. Discussion opened by William N. Bates, University of Pennsylvania. "Roman imperialism,” paper prepared by the late G. W. Botsford, Columbia University. Discussion opened by S. B. Platner, Western Reserve University. "The decay of nationalism under the Roman Empire," Clifford Moore, Harvard University. Discussion opened by F. F. Abbott, Princeton University.

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3.00 p. m: Conference of Archivists. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 1300 Locust Street. Chairman-Victor Hugo Paltsits, New York Public Library. Subject: "The preservation and collection of war records." The archives of the war," Waldo G. Leland, Washington, D. C. "The archives of the United States Food Administration as historical sources," Everett S. Brown, U. S. Food Administration, Washington. The collection of Catholic war records," Rev. Peter Guilday, Catholic University of America. Discussion: R. M. Johnston, Harvard University; R. D. W. Connor, North Carolina Historical Commission; Clarence W. Alvord, University of Illinois; Solon J. Buck, Minnesota Historical Society; James Sullivan, New York State historian; G. N. Fuller, Michigan Historical Commission, and others.

4.00 p. m: Visit to old Philadelphia and to the American Philosophical Society.

6.30 p. m: Subscription dinner for those interested in military history and documents. Kugler's restaurant, 1412 Chestnut Street. Topic for discussion : 66 The historian and the war."

8.30 p. m: General session-Historical Society of Pennsylvania. ChairmanCharlemagne Tower. Presidential address: "The editorial function in American history," Worthington C. Ford.

9.30 p. m.: Reception and supper tendered by the Historical Society of Pennsylvania to the members of the American Historical Association.

Friday, December 28
Friday,

Sessions at the University of Pennsylvania, Thirty-fourth Street and Woodland Avenue.

10.00 a. m: Medieval church history. Joint session with the American Society of Church History. Room 205, College Hall. Chairman-David S. Schaff, Western Theological Seminary, Pittsburgh, Pa. Presidential address of the American Society of Church History: "The Council of Constance: Its fame and its failure," David S. Schaff. "The church councils of the AngloSaxons," J. Cullen Ayer, jr., Philadelphia Divinity School. "The conciliar movement," Harold J. Laski, Harvard University. "The actual achievements of the Reformation," Preserved Smith, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.

10.00 a. m:American history. Room 200, College Hall. Joint session with the Mississippi Valley Historical Association. Chairman-St. George L. Sioussat, president of the Mississippi Valley Historical Association. "To what extent was George Rogers Clark in possession of the Northwest at the close of the revolution?" James A James, Northwestern University. "The Spanish conspiracy in Tennessee," Archibald Henderson, University of North Carolina. "The mission of Gen. George Matthews on the Florida frontier," Isaac J. Cox, University of Cincinnati; "Stephen F. Austin," Eugene C. Barker, University of Texas. 'Populism in Louisiana in the nineties," M. J. White, Tulane University. 10 a. m.: Military history and war economics. Houston Hall. Chairman--Robert M. Johnston, Harvard University. Rôle de la Section Historique dans un Etat-Major Général," Lieut. Col. Paul Azan, of the French Army. "Notes on American Manufactures during the Civil War," Victor S. Clark, Carnegie Institution, Washington, D. C. "The reconstruction of the Southern railroads," Carl R. Fish, University of Wisconsin. "The work of the commercial economy board," E. F. Gay, Harvard University.

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1 p. m. Luncheon tendered to members of all associations by the University of Pennsylvania. Weightman Hall.

Chairman-Worthing

2.30 p. m.: Recent Russian history. Houston Hall. ton C. Ford. "The Role of the Intellectuals in the Liberating Movement in Russia," Alexander Petrunkevitch, Yale University. "Factors in the March Revolution of 1917," Samuel N. Harper, University of Chicago. "The first week of the revolution of March, 1917," F. A. Golder, Washington State College. "The Jugo-Slav movement," Robert J. Kerner, University of Missouri.

3 p. m.: Conference on English medieval history: English medieval taxation. Room 213, College Hall. Chairman-Charles H. Haskins, Harvard University. "Early assessment for papal taxation of English clerical incomes," William E. Lunt, Haverford College. "The taxes on the personal property of laymen to 1272," Sydney K. Mitchell, Yale University. "The English customs revenues up to 1275," Norman S. B. Gras, Clark University. "The Assessment of lay subsidies, 1290-1332," James F. Willard, University of Colorado. 4.30 p. m. Visit to the collections of the University museum.

6-8 p. m.: Supper and smoker tendered by the University of Pennsylvania to the members attending the meetings of the various associations. Weightman Hall.

8.15 p. m.: Joint session with American political science association. Auditorium, University Museum. Chairman-Josiah H. Penniman, vice provost, University of Pennsylvania. “A generation of American historiography,” William A. Dunning, Columbia University. "The background of American federalism," Andrew C. McLaughlin, University of Chicago. "The psychology of a constitutional convention," Albert Bushnell Hart, Harvard University.

Saturday, December 29.

10 a. m.: Conference of historical societies-Historical Society of Pennsylvania. Chairman-Thomas Lynch Montgomery, State Librarian of Pennsylvania. Secretary-Augustus H. Shearer, Grosvenor Library, Buffalo, N. Y. Business session; election of officers and committees. "The relation of the hereditary patriotic societies and the historical societies, with especial reference to cooperation in publication," Norris S. Barratt, judge of the court of common pleas, Philadelphia. Discussion by William Libbey, Princeton University. Worthington C. Ford, Massachusetts Historical Society. John W. Jordan, Historical Society of Pennsylvania. L. Bradford Prince, Historical Society of New Mexico. "The collection of local war material by historical societies." Discussion by Solon J. Buck, Minnesota Historical Society. Harlow Lindley, Indiana Historical Commission. Robert D. W. Connor, North Carolina Historical Commission. G. N. Fuller, Michigan Historical Commission.

10 a. m.: Conference of teachers of history. Joint session with the association of history teachers of the Middle States and Maryland. Clover room, Bellevue-Stratford. Chairman-Marshall S. Brown, New York University. "The school course in history: Some precedents and a possible next step." Henry Johnson, Teachers' College, Columbia University. Discussion by Herbert D. Foster, Dartmouth College. Lida Lee Tall, Baltimore, Md. Arthur M. Wolfson, DeWitt Clinton High School, New York City. Henry E. Bourne, Western Reserve University. Oscar H. Williams, Indiana State Department of Education. R. M. Tryon, University of Chicago. A. C. Krey, University of Minnesota.

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10 a. m.: Conference on far eastern history. Red room, Bellevue-Stratford. Chairman-Edward. P. Cheyney, University of Pennsylvania. "The mid-Victorian attitude of foreigners in China," F. W. Williams, Yale University. "American scholarship in Chinese history," K. S. Latourette, Denison University. "Twenty years of party politics in Japan, 1897-1917," W. W. McLaren, Williams College. "The history of naturalization legislation in the United States, with special reference to Chinese and Japanese immigration," Sydney L. Gulick, New York City. Discussion opened by Hon. John C. Ferguson. 10 a. m.: Conference on Latin-American history. Green Room, BellevueStratford. Chairman-Julius M. Klein, Washington, D. C. "The delimination of political jurisdictions in Spanish North America to 1535," Chas. W. Hackett, University of California. "The institutional background of LatinAmerican history," Chas. H. Cunningham, University of Texas. "An early diplomatic controversy between the United States and Brazil," William R. Manning, University of Texas. "The influence of the United States on the opening of the Amazon to the world's commerce," Percy A. Martin, Leland Stanford University. "A review of colonization in Brazil with especial reference to the German migration, 1827-1914," Reginald Orcutt, Washington, D. C. 1 p. m.: Subscription luncheon. Junior room, Bellevue-Stratford. Dana C. Munro, Princeton University, presiding. "The war and the teaching of history."

2.30 p. m.: Annual business meeting. Bellevue-Stratford. Reports of officers and committees. Election of officers.

6 p. m.: Subscription dinner conference for members interested in far eastern history. Franklin Inn Club, Camac and St. James Streets. Subscription dinner of the Mississippi Valley Histrical Association. Kugler's Restaurant, 1412 Chestnut Street.

8.15 p. m.: Joint session with the American Economic `Association, the American Political Science Association, and the American Sociological Society.