3,744,672 84 4429221 81 241383 94 2562019 18 22734 78 381068 31 6,310,164 48 912827 29 903093 35 970123 97 1705734 42 564255 27 14902 08 9,304,300 00 4323870 29 2065722, 47 5174727 87 166879 091296847 51 15,609,072 62 867834 53 1309763 91 1674573 181937235 97 888112 65 45754 35 Grand total, 13,048,972 8418753092 10 2307106 417736747 05/189613 87 1677915 82 21,919 237 10/1780661 82/2212857 26/2644697 153642970 39 1452367 92 60656 43 *Including 101,789 79 due Baring & Co. + Including 237,533 83 cost of Bridge. 6000 deducted from profits, 10370 80 deducted from proats. Il 150 per share. Besides an extra div. of 16 2-3 p. c. tt Began business 26th Sept. last.

The office of Warden, continues to be held by SAMUEL R. WOOD, and, that of Physician by Dr. FRANKLIN

ВАСНЕ.

IN COUNCIL.

PHILADELPHIA, October 26th, 1786. Gentlemen,-To your own sense of the importance of the negociation with the States of Delaware and Maryland which you are now about to enter upon, Council might have very safely trusted, as well for your abilities in conducting, as for your zeal in bringing it to a favourable conclusion. They however esteem it a duty to impress you with some ideas which in certain conjunctures may serve you as leading principles, and be pleaded as motives.

You will remember how much the welfare of Pennsylvania depends on her export trade, and as a navigable communication between the two Bays of Chesapeake and Delaware will aid our exports more or less according to the extent to which the work may be prosecuted. You will herein have a sufficient motive to contend for the communication upon the largest practicable scale. A like consideration may induce Maryland to press more particularly on the subject of the Susquehanna navigation. In this case that State should know that the improvements there should correspond in extent with the views entertained with regard to the former navigation. The States, parties to the negociation have the same general objects, but as each may be attached to ways of accomplishing them, particularly favorable to itself, unless a spirit of mutual concession take place among the negotiators, a particular bias may tend to disappoint the main purpose. You will not therefore risque too much on that head, but sometimes yield in points not materially disadvantageous to the State when it may be necessary to procure a general concurrence.

If principles could be established to determine the comparative benefits to each state, from the new navigation, then the burthen of expence to be borne by each State might be precisely adjusted; but as such accuracy is not attainable, Council in this article are not averse to your application of the rule just laid down.

CHARLES BIDDLE, Vice President.

To the Hon. Francis Hopkinson, Esq. Dr. John Ewing, David Rittenhouse, Robert Milligan, and George Latimer, Esqrs.

ters required by the acts of assembly to be particularly reported, are stated in the annexed table marked A.

Four deaths have occurred; twelve prisoners have been discharged by expiration of their sentences; one convict has been pardoned without the recommendation or interference of any of the officers of this institution; the pardon having been obtained, it is understood, upon the favourable circumstances of the case, represented by those acquainted with the prisoner and the facts, in the county in which he was convicted. There has been no escape. The general health of the prisoners has been good, and it is believed that no death has resulted from the confinement of the deceased, nor has any disease appeared among the prisoners that can be attributed to this system. The opinion heretofore expressed, that the practical operation of this institution is beneficial to the moral and not injurious to the physical powers of the prisoners, has been confirmed by another year's experience and observation.

The law which requires the appointment of a Religious Instructor of the prisoners, providing that his services shall be gratuitous, the Board has been unable to obtain a suitable person to fill that important office. Moral and religious instruction forms one of the most important features of the system, and will require the faithful, unremitting, and undivided attention of a Chaplain, or Religious Instructor, whose duty it is to pass from cell to cell; to visit every prisoner frequently during the week, to remain with him a considerable time, teaching him his duty to his Creator, his country, and himself, and with the exercises of the Sabbath, will require his residence in the Penitentiary, or in its immediate neighbourhood. The whole time of any one clergyman will certainly be required as soon as all the convicts of the Eastern District shall be confined within these

walls. It is true, that "The Philadelphia Society for alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons," and "The Philadelphia Bible Society," have continued to furnish the Holy Scriptures and other religious works, and that some clergymen have visited the prisoners, and, particularly, that the Rev. Mr. James Wilson has performed divine service for some time, on every Sunday; and hence much good has resulted to the Institution; yet, in the opinion of the Board, this branch of the system has not been satisfactorily and liberally carried into execution.

THIRD ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

STATE PENITENTARY.

The Report of the Board of Inspectors of the Eastern State Penitentiary for the year 1831, being the Third Annual Report made in conformity with the act of April, 1829.

To the Honorable the Senate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

The term for which the members of the late board were commissioned, having expired, the following persons have been appointed inspectors, by the honorable the judges of the Supreme Court; viz. Charles S. Coxe, Thomas Bradford, Jr., Benjamin W. Richards, John Bacon and William H. Hood; and the new board was organized by the election of the following members to the offices attached to their names respectively, viz. CHARLES S. COXE, President, THOMAS BRADFORD, Jr, Secretary, JOHN BACON, Treasurer. VOL, IX.

8

are respectfully submitted.

EXTRACT FROM THE WARDEN'S REPORT.-B

In taking a review of the operations of the Penitentiary for the past year, it is gratifying to find, that nothing has occurred to discourage, but much to prompt us in a steady perseverance in the Pennsylvania System of Prison Discipline.

The general health of the prisoners has been good; and (if we are not much mistaken and deceived by appearances) the moral effect produced on many who have undergone our discipline, has been and is of the most beneficial character.

The conduct of the prisoners has been such, as rarely to require correction or punishment: for the last three months, we have had but two instances for which even a meal has been stopped for bad behaviour.

One of those received the past year is an idiot; well known to be such in the county from which he came: and I believe that I am warranted in saying, (from testimony that I have received,) he would not have been convicted if he had not been a troublesome fellow in the neighborhood, which circumstance rendered his removal from it desirable. We received a convict of a similar character in 1830: both of these prisoners were on the day of their arrival, much more fit subjects for the Alms House, than the Penitentiary.

The proportion of deaths is large for the number of prisoners, but can in no respect be attributed to the system of confinement. No. 13, was a remarkably healthy, robust young man, and had enjoyed excellent health up to the day when he was attacked by Epilepsy, which carried him off in a few hours. Two others came in diseased: one of them to such a degree that he was carried from the stage to the cell, and rarely if ever, sat up in bed afterwards. I have no doubt but the severity of a ride of sixty miles, in his weak state, very much hastened his dissolution. The other was in a delicate state of health when he came in, and gradually sunk into a decline.

Of the whole number discharged from the commencement of the establishment, we have received an unfavorable account of but one. This was an old convict who has been passing from one prison to another for the last 15 years; and through deception and the lenity of the judge, was sentenced to but one year. When he was discharged I had little expectation of his doing well: he has however, shown a decided disposition to avoid this prison hereafter.

Of the 87 prisoners now in custody, 43 are employed in the weaving and dying department; 18 in the shoemaking; 2 in the carving; 4 in the blacksmith; 3 in the carpenter; 1 in the carriage making; 2 in the locksmith; 1 in the tailoring; 2 in the wool picking; 1 in the cooking; and 1 in the washing departments: 3 are indisposed; 2 are idiots; 1 man aged 73, is too infirm to work, and 3 just received have not been employed.

It is satisfactory to find on a settlement of our accounts, that under all the disadvantages of a new establishment, the convicts have with a few exceptions, maintained themselves; proving that prisoners can in many branches of business work to quite as great advantage in separate confinement as together. The exceptions are one old man, the diseased, and a few who came in without trades, and had but 1 year or 13 months to serve: this period being too short to learn a trade, and afford time to remunerate us for teaching them.

In conclusion, I may congratulate the Board on the prosperous state of the Penitentiary in every respect, and I humbly hope by divine aid, that it will prove a blessing to most, if not to all, of the unhappy persons who are brought within its walls.

EXTRACT FROM PHYSICIANS REPORT.-C To the Inspectors of the Eastern Penitentiary; the Physician respectfully presents his anuual report for

1831.

The health of the prisoners for this year has been gen

59

severe injury to hip and thigh.

The average number of prisoners in the Penitentiary for the year has been 67.4. Four deaths having occurred, gives the mortality for the year at a little less than six percent. The average number confined in 1830, was 31; and there having occurred but one death, the mortality for that year is a little more than 3 per cent. The average number confined since the opening of the Penitentiary has been 44.4. The total number of deaths having been five,gives the average amount of mortality, from the commencement, at a little less than five per cent.

The mortality of the present year, it is perceived, is considerably greater than for the last. The Board however will observe, that in 1831, accidental circumstances have increased the number of fatal cases. The physician deemed the health of No. 33, to be good when he arrived; but dissection revealed the existence of extensive disease of the chest of long standing, which no doubt laid the foundation of the affection, of which he died. No. 43, was in bad health when admitted. No. 77 arrived from a neighbouring county in a state of complete helplessness, from a fracture of the neck of the thigh bone and other serious injuries. His condi tion was such that he kept his bed from the moment of his reception to the day of his death. He was evidently not in a proper condition, to be removed from the county prison, much less to undergo the fatigue of a long journey.

It is difficult to form an estimate of what will probably be the average mortality among the prisoners in the Penitentiary for a series of years, from results deduced from so small a number of prisoners as have yet been received. This difficulty arises from the circumstance, that while the number of the prisoners is so small, a single death bears so large a proportion to the whole nuinber confined as to swell the per centage of mortality very considerably.

No particular disease can be said to prevail in the Penitentiary, as the result of the mode of confinement or discipline; and no mental affection has been superinduced. The affections which have occurred most frequently have been Coughs, Rheumatic pains, and Diarrhea.

REPORT OF BUILDING COMMITTEE.-D

in relation to the erection of additional cell buildings, The Building Committee while offering their report have to express their regret, that more progress has not been made toward their completion.

Notwithstanding the work was commenced late in the season, yet they did hope that the year would not have closed upon them without witnessing the entire erection under roof of one of the blocks of the buildings.

The numerous houses that have been placed under contract the past year in the city and its vicinity caused an excessive demand for materials of all kinds: this circumstance, combined with the construction of the Breakwater, created so great request for our important