renewed, but the enemy soon gave way until I ordered a charge, and the men and the firing ceased. See SPAIN, WAR rushed the block-house and rifle-pits on

WITH.

The Roosevelt Reports.-The following are the two reports by Lieut.-Col. Theodore Roosevelt, detailing the gallantry of the Rough Riders" in the San Juan Hill fight, which were not made public till Dec. 22, 1898. The first report is as follows:

66

the hill to the right of our advance. They did the work in fine shape, although suffering severely. The guidons of Troops E and G were first planted on the summit, though the first men up were some of A and B troopers, who were with me. We then opened fire on the intrenchments on a hill to our left, which some of the

Col. Leonard Wood, commanding 2d Cav- other regiments were assailing, and which alry Brigade.

they carried a few minutes later.

SIR,-On July 1 the regiment, with Meanwhile we were under a heavy fire myself in command, was moved out by from the intrenchments along the hills your orders directly following the 1st to our front, from where they also shelled Brigade. Before leaving the camping with a piece of field artillery until some ground several of our men were wounded of our marksmen silenced it. When the by shrapnel. After crossing the river at men got their wind we charged again the ford, we were moved along and up and carried the second line of intrenchthe right bank under fire, and were held ments with a rush. Swinging to the left, in reserve at a sunk road. Here we lost we then drove the Spaniards over the a good many men, including Captain brow of the chain of hills fronting on O'Neill killed and Lieutenant Haskell Santiago. By this time the regiments wounded. We then received your order were much mixed, and we were under a to advance and support the regular cav- very heavy fire both of shrapnel and from n the attack on the intrenchments rifles, from the batteries, intrenchments, ock-houses on the hills to the left. and forts immediately in front of the giment was deployed on both sides city. On the extreme front I was myself he road and moved forward until we in command, with fragments of the six came to the rearmost lines of the reg- cavalry regiments and the two batteries ulars. We continued to move forward under me. The Spaniards made one or

al.

two efforts to retake the line, but were of cool head, great executive ability, and promptly driven back. Both General literally dauntless courage.

The guerillas in trees not only fired at our troops, but seemed to devote themselves especially to shooting at the surgeons, the hospital assistants with Red Cross bandages on their arms, the wounded who were being carried in litters, and the burying parties. Many of these guerillas were dressed in green uniforms. We sent out a detail of sharp-shooters among those in our rear and also along the line where they had been shooting the wounded, and killed thirteen.

Sumner and you sent me word to hold the line at all hazards, and that night we dug a line of intrenchments across our front, using the captured Spanish intrenching tools. We had nothing to eat except what we captured from the Spaniards, but their dinners had fortunately been cooked, and we ate them with relish, having been fighting all day. We had no blankets or coats, and lay by the trenches all night. The Spaniards attacked us once in the night, and at dawn they opened a heavy artillery and rifle fire. Very To attempt to give a list of the men great assistance was rendered us by Lieu- who showed signal valor would necessitate tenant Parker's Gatling battery at crit- sending in an almost complete roster of ical moments. He fought his guns at the the regiment. Many of the cases which extreme front of the firing-line in a way I mention stand merely as examples of that repeatedly called forth the cheers of the rest, not as exceptions. Captain Jenmy men. One of the Spanish batteries which was used against us was directly in front of the hospital, so that the Red Cross flag flew over the battery, saving it from our fire for a considerable period. The Spanish Mauser bullets made clean wounds, but they also used a copper- them admirably. At the end of the batjacketed or brass-jacketed bullet which exploded, making very bad wounds indeed.

Since then we have continued to hold together. The food has been short, and until to-day we could not get our blankets, coats, or shelter-tents, while the men lay all day under the fire of the Spanish batteries, intrenchments, and guerillas in trees, and worked all night in the trenches, never even taking off their shoes; but they are in excellent spirits, and ready and anxious to carry out any orders they receive. At the end of the first day the eight troops were.commanded two by cap tains, three by first lieutenants, two by second lieutenants and one by the sergeant whom you made acting lieutenant;

kins acted as major, and showed such conspicuous gallantry and efficiency that I earnestly hope he may be promoted to major as soon as a vacancy occurs. Captains Lewellen, Muller, and Luna led their troops throughout the charges, handling

tle Lieutenants Kane, Greenwood, and Goodrich were in charge of their troops, immediately under my eye, and I wish particularly to commend their conduct throughout. Corporals Waller and Fortescue, and Trooper McKinley, of Troop E; Corporal Rhoades, of Troop D; Troopers Albertson, Winter, McGregor, and Ray Clark, of Troop F; Troopers Bugbe, Jackson, and Waller, of Troop A; Trumpeter McDonald, of Troop L.; Sergeant Hughes, of Troop B, and Trooper Geieren, of Troop G, all continued to fight after being wounded, some very severely; most of them fought until the end of the day. Trooper Oliver B Norton, of Troop B, who with his brother was by my side all throughout the charging, was killed while fighting We went into the fight about 490 strong; with marked gallantry. Sergeant Fereighty-six were killed of wounded, and guson, Corporal Lee, and Troopers Bell there are half a dozen missing. The great and Carroll, of Troop K, Sergeant Dame, heat prostrated nearly forty men, some of of Troop E; Troopers Goodwin, Campbell, them among the best in the regiment. Be- and Dudley Dean, Trumpeter Foster, of sides Captain O'Neill and Lieutenant Has- Troop B, and Troopers Greenwold and kell, Lieutenants Leahy, Devereaux, and Bardehan, of Troop A, are all worthy of Case were wounded. All behaved with special mention for coolness and gallantry. great gallantry. As for Captain O'Neill, They all merit promotion when the time his loss is one of the severest that could comes. But the most conspicuous galhave befallen the regiment. He was a man lantry was shown by Trooper Rowland.

He was wounded in the side in our first the batteries opened the Spaniards re-
fight, but kept in the firing-line; he was
sent to the hospital the next day, but left
it and marched out to us, overtaking us,
and fought all through this battle with
such indifference to danger that I was
forced again and again to berate and
threaten him for running needless risks.

Great gallantry was also shown by four troopers whom I cannot identify, and by Trooper Winslow Clark, of Troop G. It was after we had taken the first hill; I had called out to rush the second, and, having by that. time lost my horse, climbed a wire fence and started towards it. After going a couple of hundred yards, under a heavy fire, I found that no one else had come. As I discovered later, it was simply because, in the confusion, with men shooting and being shot, they had not noticed me start. I told the five men to wait a moment, as it might be misunderstood if we all ran back, while I ran back and started the regiment, and as soon as I did so the regiment came with a rush. But meanwhile the five men coolly lay down in the open, returning the fire from. the trenches. It is to be wondered at that only Clark was seriously wounded, and he called out as we passed again to lay his canteen where he could reach it, but to continue the charge and leave him where he was. All the wounded had to be left until after the fight, for we could spare no men from the firing-line.

Very respectfully,

THEODORE ROOSEVELT, Lieutenant Colonel, 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry.

The second and more important report is as follows:

plied to us with shrapnel, which killed and
wounded several of the men of my reg-
iment. We then marched towards the
right, and my regiment crossed the ford
before the balloon came down there and
attracted the fire of the enemy, so that
at that point we lost no one. My orders
had been to march forward until I joined
General Lawton's left wing, but after
going about three-quarters of a mile I
was halted and told to remain in reserve
near the creek by a deep lane. The bul-
lets dropped thick among us for the next
hour while we lay there, and many of my
men were killed or wounded. Among the
former was Captain O'Neill, whose loss
was a very heavy blow to the regiment, for
he was a singularly gallant and efficient
officer. Acting Lieutenant Haskell was
also shot at this time. He showed the
utmost courage, and had been of great
use during the fighting and marching. It
seems to me some action should be taken
about him.

You then sent me word to move for-
ward in support of the regular cavalry,
and I advanced the regiment in column
of companies, each company deployed as
skirmishers. We moved through several
skirmish lines of the regiment ahead of
us, as it seemed to me our only chance
was in rushing the intrenchments in
front instead of firing at them from a dis-
tance. Accordingly we charged the block-
house and intrenchments on the hill to
our right against a heavy fire. It was
taken in good style, the men of my reg-
iment thus being the first to capture any
fortified position and to break through
the Spanish lines. The guidons of G
and E troops were first at this point, but
some of the men of A and B troops who
were with me personally got in ahead of
them. At the last wire fence up this hill
I was obliged to abandon my horse, and
after that went on foot. After capturing
this hill we first of all directed a heavy
fire upon the San Juan Hill to our left,

CAMP HAMILTON, NEAR SANTIAGO DE CUBA,
July 20, 1898.
Brig.-Gen. Leonard Wood, commanding
2d Brigade Cavalry Division.
SIR,-In obedience to your directions
I herewith report on the operations of
my regiment from the 1st to the 17th
inst., inclusive. As I have already made which was at the time being assailed by
you two reports about the first day's
operations, I shall pass over them rather
briefly.

On the morning of the first day my regiment was formed at the head of the 2d Brigade, by the El Paso sugar-mill. When

the regular infantry and cavalry sup-
ported by Captain Parker's Gatling guns.

By the time San Juan was taken a large
force had assembled on the hill we had
previously captured, consisting not only of
my own regiment, but of the 9th and of