......1870 law vesting the supervision of schools in succeeds Governor McLane, who is apa State board, county boards, and school pointed United States minister to France district boards.. March 27, 1885 Public library, established by gift of Enoch Pratt in 1882, formally opened in Baltimore..... ..Jan. 4, 1886 State convention of those favoring the extension of the right of suffrage to women held at Baltimore.... Feb. 29, 1872 Democratic National Convention at Baltimore nominates Horace Greeley, by a vote made unanimous, for President July 9-10, 1872 State Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry meets in Baltimore, and makes a declaration of policy and principle March 7, 1874 Public education act modified: Board of education to consist of the governor, principal of normal school, and four persons appointed by the governor from presidents and examiners of the several county boards.... James B. Groome elected governor by General Assembly, Governor Whyte being elected United States Senator March 4, 1875 Foundation of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, endowed with $4,500,000 by Johns Hopkins in 1873, is laid in Baltimore Sharp contest in Chester River between the State oyster steamer McLane and a fleet of illegal dredgers; two schooners are run down and sunk and others captured..... .Dec. 10, 1888 State oyster steamer Helen Baughman fights with the schooner Robert McAllister, an unlicensed oyster-boat.....Jan. 2, 1889 Chesapeake and Ohio Canal wrecked by flood on the Potomac, which also swept away the historic building known as John Brown's Fort.. ..June, 1889 In 1888 Virginia leased about 3,200 ...1874 acres of oyster ground on Hog Island to one Lewis; Maryland claims a right to the ground, but the national coast survey rejects her claim; Governor Jackson proclaims the ground open to both States, and the Maryland schooner Lawson anchors on the Hog Island grounds; the Lawson is attacked, run down, and sunk by the Virginia police boat Augustus, Nov. 27; harmony is restored between the States, Virginia withdrawing her exclusive claim... .December, 1889 Australian ballot law passed by Maryland legislature, and a high-license law enacted for Baltimore.. . 1890 1875 Daniel C. Gilman installed president of the Johns Hopkins University Feb. 22, 1876 Affray in the streets of Baltimore; the 6th Regiment of militia being ordered out by Governor Carroll against strikers on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad at Cumberland; the soldiers are stoned, and fire on the mob, killing nine and wounding twenty or thirty; the mob sets fire to the railroad station..... .July 20, 1877 Commissioners appointed by legislatures of 1874 and 1876 for boundary between Maryland and Virginia report Jan. 16, 1877 Congress appropriates $25,000 for surveying a route for a ship canal between the Chesapeake and Delaware bays to shorten the distance from Baltimore to the ocean by about 200 miles.......1878 State convention of tax-payers held at Baltimore to redress grievances and secure relief from taxation Aug. 12, 1879 Celebration of the 150th anniversary of the founding of Baltimore Oct. 10-15, 1880 Monument erected by the State to Leonard Calvert, first governor of the colony, at Old St. Mary's..........June 3, 1891 Charles H. Gibson qualifies as United States Senator by executive appointment to fill place of Senator Wilson, deceased Dec. 7, 1891 John A. Cresswell .Dec. 23, 1891 Ex-Postmaster-Gen. Henry Lloyd, president of the Senate, dies at Belair..... Charles H. Gibson elected by the legislature as United States Senator to fill unexpired term.... .Jan. 21, 1892 Amendment to constitution in reference to Supreme Court adopted.... Nov. 7, 1893 The single-tax in operation at Hyattsville declared unconstitutional...... . 1893 Union and Confederate veterans unite on Memorial Day at Cumberland May 30, 1902 MASSACHUSETTS Massachusetts is the chief political division of New England and one of the original thirteen United States. It lies for the most part between 40° and 42° 45′ N. lat., and 70° 30′ and 73° 30′ W. long. The States of Vermont and New Hampshire lie immediately on the north; on the east lies the Atlantic Ocean, giving it a sea-frontage of about 250 miles; to the south lie the Atlantic Ocean and the States of Rhode Island and Connecticut. Immediately on its western boundaries lie Rhode Island, New York, and New Hampshire. It extends east and west 190 miles, and 50 miles north and south, with a projection at the southeast, and a lesser one at the northeast, that increases the breadth to about 110 miles. Area, 8,315 square miles, in fourteen counties. Population, 1890, 2,238,943; 1900, 2,805,346. Capital, Boston. 66 Capt. Bartholomew Gosnold, sailing from Falmouth, England, after a passage of forty-nine days, discovers land in lat. 43° 30' N..... . May 14, 1602 He discovers a mighty headland," which, from the quantity of codfish caught in the vicinity, is called Cape Cod; the voyagers land; this is the first spot upon which the first known English discoverers of Massachusetts set foot.... May 15, 1602 Martin Pring, in the Speedwell, of sixty tons, and William Browne, in the Discoverer, of twenty-six tons, make discoveries along the New England coast..1603 Capt. George Weymouth, with twentyeight men, in the Archangel, explores the coast of Massachusetts and Maine, also the Penobscot and Kennebec rivers...1605 Henry Hudson discovers the Hudson River .1609 Capt. John Smith explores the coast from the Penobscot River to Cape Cod, and names the country New England....1614 Capt. John Smith publishes his Description of New England, to invite permanent settlements there.. 1616 A disease among the Indians nearly depopulates the New England coast..1616-18 "Great patent of New England" passes the seals... . . Nov. 3, 1620 [This patent, which has scarcely a parallel in the history of the world, covered a territory extending from 40° to 48° of north latitude, and in length from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.] Speedwell, of sixty tons, is purchased in Holland to take part of the English emigrants there to England, and thence across the Atlantic.... ..1620 Leaves Delft, Holland, for Southampton, England... ..July 22, 1620 Is found to be unfitted for a voyage across the Atlantic and is dismissed Aug. 21, 1620 Mayflower sails from Plymouth Harbor, having on board 101 passengers Sept. 6, 1620 After a stormy passage of sixty-three days sights the cliffs of Cape Cod and comes to anchor in Cape Cod Harbor Nov. 9, 1620 Peregrine White born on board the Mayflower in Cape Cod Harbor. The first white child born in New England November, 1620 Mayflower sails from Cape Cod Dec. 15, and anchors at Plymouth....Dec. 16, 1620 First death at Plymouth, Richard Butteridge...... .Dec. 21, 1620 Passengers leave the ship and land at Plymouth Rock.... ..Dec. 21, 1620 Storehouse erected at Plymouth, 20 feet square with a thatched roof Dec. 24-30, 1620 Colony begins to erect separate houses Jan. 9, 1621 Storehouse takes fire and nearly burns down.... ...Jan. 14, 1621 Mrs. Rose Standish, the wife of Miles Standish, dies..... ....Jan. 29, 1621 captain with mili Miles Standish made tary authority..... William White dies. .Feb. 17, 1621 .Feb. 21, 1621 66 Samoset, the first Indian to visit the colony, saying, 'Welcome, Englishmen!" March 16, 1621 Massasoit, the grand sachem of the Wampanoags, with about sixty of his warriors, visits the colony..March 22, 1621 Treaty between the colony and Massasoit, which is faithfully observed for fifty-five years... March 22, 1621 John Carver unanimously confirmed as governor of the colony for the new civil year.. .March 23, 1621 Forty-four deaths in the colony in four months to.... ..April 1, 1621 Mayflower sails for England on her return voyage............ .April 5, 1621 Governor Carver dies...... April 5, 1621 William Bradford elected governor, Isaac Allerton deputy..... 1621 Susanna, the widow of William White, marries Edward Winslow, the first marriage in the colony........May 12, 1621 Twenty acres of Indian corn and beans are planted and six acres of barley and pease by the colony in the spring of 1621 Much suffering from lack of food spring of 1622 Canonicus, sachem of the Narragansets, sends by way of defiance a bundle of arrows tied in a rattlesnake's skin to Plymouth; Governor Bradford sends back the skin stuffed with powder and balls; this intimidates the tribe....1622 Colonists plant sixty acres of corn..1622 Two ships, Charity and Swan, with about sixty passengers, sent over by a Mr. Weston, a dissatisfied member of the Plymouth Company, to attempt a settlement, arrives.. .July, 1622 They attempt a settlement at a place called Wessagusset (now Weymouth), on Massachusetts Bay, during the year. . 1622 This colony, unable to support itself, breaks up, after nearly involving the Plymouth colony in a war with the Indians 1623 Great distress at Plymouth for want of food.... ...spring of 1623 Two ships, Anne and Little James, of forty-four tons, the latter built for the colony, arrive at Plymouth, bringing sixty passengers..... ......August, 1623 Capt. Robert Gorges, son of Sir Ferdinando Gorges, with Mr. Morrell, an Episcopal minister, and many others, arrive and select a site at Wessa gusset for ....September, 1623 Ship Charity, bringing a supply of clothing and a bull and three heifers, first neat cattle imported into New England March 24, 1624 First duel in New England was fought between Edward Dotey and Edward Leister, servants of Stephen Hopkins, with sword and dagger; they were sentenced to have their head and heels tied together, and thus remain for twenty-four hours settlement..... without food or drink; after an hour's endurance they were relieved on promises and pleadings...... .June 18, 1621 First Thanksgiving in the colony September, 1621 Village of Plymouth contains at this time seven dwelling-houses and four other buildings... .September, 1621 Capt. Miles Standish, with nine Plymouth colonists and three Indians, explores the country about Massachusetts Bay Population of Plymouth colony, 180, and number of dwelling-houses, thirty-two; a substantial fort, a vessel of forty-four tons, with smaller boats; large tracts of land under cultivation, and enclosures for the cattle, goats, swine, and poultry spring, 1624 Capt. Robert Gorges returns to England early in.... . 1624 A few settlers remain at Wessagusset; some families come from Weymouth, England, and the name is changed to Weymouth..... ...1624 October, 1621 Fortune, a vessel of fifty-five tons, bringing thirty-six passengers, arrives at Plymouth..... .Nov. 11, 1621 The same vessel, laden with beaver and other skins and lumber, valued at $2,400, the first remittance from New Plymouth, Settlement commenced at Cape Ann with sails on her return voyage... Dec. 3, 1621 the intention of connecting the settlement John Alden marries Priscilla Mullens with the fishing interests..... .....1624 (the Puritan maiden), daughter of Will- William Bradford again elected governiam Mullens..... .1621 or of Plymouth colony... ..1624 Town surrounded by a palisade and a John Lyford and John Oldham expelled stockade built... February, 1622 from the colony.... .1624 Captain Wollaston and about thirty with others conmmence a settlement at others commence a settlement at a place Mishawums, now Charlestown they call Mount Wollaston (now Quincy) 1625 Thomas Morton on the departure of Wollaston takes charge, and changes the name to Merry Mount... .1626 Robert Conant removes from the settlement at Cape Ann to Naumkeag (now Salem).... ...1626 Plymouth colony establish an outpost on Buzzard's Bay; friendly commerce begins with the Dutch at New Amsterdam... 1627 Partnership of merchants and colonists being unprofitable, and the community system failing, eight colonists of Plymouth buy of the London partners their interests for $9,000, in nine annual instalments; the community system is abandoned, a division made of movable property, and twenty acres of land near the town is assigned in fee to each colonist........ January, 1628 Rev. John White, a Puritan minister of Dorchester, England, enlists some gentlemen who obtain a patent conveying to them that part of New England lying between 3 miles to the north of the Merrimac River and 3 miles to the south of the Charles River, and every part thereof in Massachusetts Bay; and in length between the described breadth from the Atlantic Ocean to the South Sea June 20, 1628 Plymouth people admonish Thomas Morton of "Merry Mount" twice; the third time they sent Capt. Miles Standish "with some aid"; Morton's followers are disarmed and dispersed without bloodshed, while he is conducted to Plymouth and from there sent to England (upon this incident Hawthorne writes, The Maypole at Merry Mount)... June 24, 1629 A church established at Salem with Mr. Skelton as ordained pastor and Mr. Higginson as teacher........... August, 1629 John and Samuel Browne, members of the colonial council and of the Massachusetts Company, are sent back to England by Governor Endicott for their opposition to the church and advocacy of Episcopacy.... ....1629 Transfer of the Massachusetts colony's government from London to New England August, 1629 John Winthrop chosen governor and Thomas Dudley lieutenant-governor of the Massachusetts colony.......Aug. 20, 1629 Governor Winthrop, with Isaac Johnson and his wife, Lady Arbella Johnson, daughter of the Earl of Lincoln, sail from England in the Arbella for Massachusetts April 8, 1630 Vessel arrives at Salem..June 12, 1630 Lady Arbella Johnson died Aug. 30, 1630 Her husband, Isaac Johnson, died Sept. 30, 1630 Famine in the Massachusetts Bay colony December, 1630, and January, 1631 A general fast appointed for Feb. 6; ship June, 1628 Lyon arrives, laden with provisions and A second and larger company, number- bringing twenty-six passengers, among ing sixty women and maids, twenty-six them Roger Williams..... . Feb. 5, 1631 children, and 300 men, among whom is the Roger Williams is appointed assistant Rev. Francis Higginson, on several vessels, to Mr. Skelton in the ministry at Salem, leave England for Salem, bringing food, but, asserting his views of religious tolerarms, tools, and 140 cattle......May, 1629 ation, the independence of conscience, of Ralph, Richard, and William Sprague, the civil magistrates, and the separation of church and state, he is obliged to with- .1632 Elders of the church decide that if a governor-general were sent over from England he ought not to be accepted....1635 Endicott reprimanded by the court for mutilating the colors at Salem......1635 First appointment of selectmen at Charlestown.... . Feb. 10, 1635 General court orders the fortifications repaired, appoints a military commission with extraordinary powers to guard the rights and liberties of Massachusetts March, 1635 Freemen choose John Haynes as govern ... Concord first settled.. Richard Dummer founds Newbury..1635 Roger Williams advocates the inviolable freedom of faith. He appears before the magistrates to defend it....... April, 1635 Rev. John Avery drowned while on his way to Marblehead from Newbury Fort begun at Boston on Cornhill..1632 Governor Winthrop, of Massachusetts, or of Massachusetts, selected by deputies visits Plymouth... ...Oct. 25, 1632 from the towns, before the meeting of the A vessel of thirty tons built at Mystic court, the first instance of "caucus on called Blessing of the Bay.... .1632 record.... . May 6, 1635 Plymouth colonists send Captain Holmes .1635 to erect a trading-house on the Connecticut River at Windsor, above Hartford 1633 John Oldham and three others travel as far as the Dutch trading-houses on the Connecticut River, and bring back flattering reports of that country..........1633 Salary of the governor of Massachusetts Bay fixed at £150... .....1633 Griffin brings 200 passengers, some of them eminent men, as John Haynes, afterwards governor of Massachusetts, John Cotton, Thomas Hooker, and Samuel Stone 1633 Small-pox destroys many of the Indians of Massachusetts... Ipswich settled Scituate settled Aug. 14, 1635 Roger Williams is sentenced to depart out of the jurisdiction of the colony within six weeks, but owing to clamor of a stanch minority is permitted to remain until spring... ...October, 1635 John Winthrop, the younger, Hugh Peters, and Henry Vane arrive at Boston... ...Oct. 3, 1635 1633 Captain Underhill is sent to apprehend .1633 Roger Williams, as he still continued "to .1633 preach," and carry him aboard a ship Roger Williams returns to Salem from bound for England, but finds him gone Plymouth colony... ....1633 December, 1635 Thomas Dudley chosen governor and Robert Ludlow deputy governor of the Massachusetts colony.... ..1634 John Endicott cuts from the flag the red cross, at Salem, as being a relic of antichrist and a Popish symbol " January, 1634 Anne Hutchinson, of Alford, England, with her husband, William Hutchinson, arrives in the Griffin..... ...1634 Roger Williams finds refuge with Massasoit, the sachem of the Wampanoags, and commences a settlement at Seekonk, on the east side of Narragansett Bay; but learning from Mr. Winslow, of Plymouth, that he was within the patent of that colony, he and five others move to the other side of the bay, having obtained a grant of land from Canonicus, the head sachem of the Narragansets. He names this settlement Providence.. ...1636 News of the creation of a colonial commission, recall of the Massachusetts A law of the colony prohibits erecting charter, and appointment of a governor- a dwelling-house more than half a mile general by the English government, re- from the meeting-house. ...1636 Iceived at Boston... ..... April 10, 1634 Religious controversy with Mrs. Anne Rev. Samuel Skelton dies at Salem, the Hutchinson begins.... ..1636 first minister who died in New England Sir Henry Vane chosen governor of Mas.1636 Aug. 2, 1634 sachusetts |