wealthy citizens of Philadelphia, executed phia to run a steamboat, invented by as Tories... Nov. 22, 1778 John Fitch, between Philadelphia and [Twenty-three others tried, but acquit- Trenton, making regular trips; company soon fails.... ..1790 United States government removed from New York to Philadelphia ted.] By act of Assembly the proprietary claims of the Penn family to ungranted lands or quit-rents were vested in the Dec. 6, 1790 State, leaving the late proprietaries all First bank of the United States estabprivate property, including manors, etc. lished at Philadelphia.... February, 1791 The Assembly also granted to the Penns, Anthracite coal discovered in Carbon in remembrance of the founder of Penn- county. The Lehigh Coal Company organsylvania, the sum of £130,000-$524,000, ized in Philadelphia, but fail to find a payable in instalments, to commence one market..... year after the peace..... . 1779 [Besides this, which was faithfully paid, the British government settled £4,000 on the head of the Penn family.] Act for the gradual emancipation of ...1791 Purchase of the triangle bordering on Lake Erie, and containing Erie Harbor, completed.... March, 1792 United States mint established in Philadelphia (the only one in the United States until 1835).... ..1792 Yellow fever rages in Philadelphia July, 1793 ...1794 Whiskey insurrection.... First turnpike-road in the United States completed from Philadelphia to Lancaster, 62 miles..... ..1794 Dec. 31, 1781 First manufacture of "fustians and jeans" in the United States begins at Philadelphia. . . . . .1782 Dickinson College at Carlisle incorporated..... .1783 American Daily Advertiser, afterwards the Aurora, the first daily newspaper in America, issued in Philadelphia....1784 known as the "hot water war," sup[Published by Benjamin Franklin pressed..... Bache.] First city directory of Philadelphia, and first in the United States, published. 1785 General convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church, the first in America, meets at Philadelphia...... Sept. 27, 1785 Pittsburg Gazette, first paper published west of the Alleghanies, issued July 29, 1786 Boundary-line between Pennsylvania and Virginia, continuation of Mason and Dixon's line, extended to a point five degrees west from the Delaware.. ..1786 Convention of the States to frame a federal Constitution meets at Philadelphia May 14, 1787 State convention ratifies the federal Constitution..... .Dec. 12, 1787 Thomas Mifflin, first governor under the federal Constitution... Four daily stages run between Philadelphia and New York, and one between Philadelphia and Baltimore..... .......1796 Resistance to the federal "house tax," 1798 Capital of the State removed to Lancaster (Philadelphia had been the capital 117 years)...... ...... April 3, 1799 United States government removed from Philadelphia to Washington..July, 1800 Philadelphia first supplied with water from the Schuylkill through pipes laid in the streets..... .Jan. 1, 1801 Coach route established from Philadelphia to Pittsburg...... August, 1804 Commission-house opened in Philadelphia for the sale of cotton yarns and thread made at Providence, R. I., the first in the United States..... ..1805 Steamboat Phoenix arrives at Philadelphia from New York, the first steamboat navigating the ocean..... ...1808 Bible Society founded at Philadelphia, the first in the United States......1808 .1788 State resists with an armed force attempt of the United States to serve a writ in the Olmstead case at Philadelphia for twenty-six days... Franklin dies at Philadelphia, aged eighty-four years... .. April 17, 1790 New State constitution goes into effect .1809 Sept. 2, 1790 Sunday school organized in Philadel A stock company formed in Philadelphia, the first in the United States, mark ing the transfer from secular instruction First locomotive used in the United to religious, from the control of individu- States run on the Carbondale and Honesals to the churches.... ....1809 dale road.... .....August, 1829 Famous traditionary "elm-tree of the Delaware and Hudson Canal from "Penn-Indian treaty" blown down Honesdale to Rondout on the Hudson, 108 miles, completed...... . 1829 March 3, 1810 First steamboat, the New Orleans, on the Ohio, leaves Pittsburg for New Orleans.. ..Oct. 29, 1811 Capital removed from Lancaster to Harrisburg... .1812 In anticipation of the war with England, Governor Snyder calls for 14,000 troops.... .... May 12, 1812 Another unsuccessful attempt to use anthracite coal as fuel... .1812 British blockade the Delaware, which seriously interferes with the commerce of Philadelphia... .March, 1813 Commodore Perry builds his fleet at Erie during the spring and early summer of...... . 1813 First rolling-mill erected at Pittsburg 1813 Banks in Philadelphia suspend specie payment... ....1814 Fairmount water-works, Philadelphia, completed... ..Sept. 7, 1815 Schuylkill Navigation Company build a canal from Philadelphia to Mauch Chunk, 108 miles; cost $3,000,000; completed... ..1815 Second United States Bank established in Philadelphia, chartered by Congress; capital stock, $3,500,000, of which the United States takes one-fifth.... April 10, 1816 Anthracite coal begins to come into use; 365 tons shipped to Philadelphia are disposed of with difficulty..... ...1820 Number of tons of anthracite coal received in Philadelphia, 1,073 in 1821; 2.440 tons in.. .1822 Lafayette visits the United States; received at Philadelphia with distinguished honors... . September, 1824 American Sunday-school Union founded at Philadelphia.... 66 1824 The Cent, Christopher C. Cornwell publisher, the first one-cent daily paper issued in the United States, starts in Philadelphia..... ...1830 Internal improvements connecting Philadelphia with Pittsburg completed at a cost to the State of over $18,000,000......1831 [They consisted of 292 miles canal and 125 miles railroad.] First cases of cholera in Philadelphia Feb. 8, 1836 New charter obtained from the State under the name of the United States Bank of Pennsylvania.. Feb. 18, 1837 Public Ledger of Philadelphia founded, price one cent... .March 25, 1837 Charter of Second United States Bank expires (see United States record, 1832-34) 1837 United States Bank of Pennsylvania and all other banks of the State suspend specie payment during the commercial panic of.... 1837 State constitution amended Feb. 20, 1838 Pennsylvania Hall in Philadelphia, dedicated as an abolition hall on the 14th, is burned by a mob........ May 17, 1838 Buckshot war November-December, 1838 [In a close election between Whigs and Democrats for control of the legislature, which was to choose a United States Senator, both parties charged fraud. The Whigs ultimately receded from their poMonument erected on the site of the sition, leaving the Democrats in power. A treaty elm," to commemorate Penn's remark made that the mob would feel treaty with the Indians.... .....1827 the effect of "ball and buckshot before Store for the sale of American hard- night" gave this episode the name of ware opened in Philadelphia by Amos "buckshot war."] Goodyear & Sons, the first in the United Iron successfully made with anthracite States... .1827 coal at Mauch Chunk... .Jan. 12, 1839 Paper from straw first manufactured United States Bank of Pennsylvania in the United States at Meadville...1828 again suspends specie payment......1839 Camp Curtin established near Harris. ....April 18, 1861 Governor Curtin calls an extra session of the legislature for...... April 30, 1861 In anticipation of invasion, General Lee having crossed the Potomac into Maryland, Governor Curtin calls 50,000 volunteer militia to Harrisburg...... Sept. 11, 1862 Confederate General Stuart raids Chambersburg with about 2,000 cavalry vania.... 1842 Philadelphia and Reading Railroad completed.... ....1842 Riots between the native Americans and Irish in Philadelphia suppressed by the military... ..April-May, 1844 Oct. 12-14, 1862 Petroleum is obtained while boring for Confederate advance enters Pennsylsalt on the Alleghany, a few miles above ..:.June 22, 1863 Pittsburg.... ...1845 Carlisle occupied by the advance of the Pittsburg nearly destroyed by fire; loss, Confederate forces under Ewell; Kingston, $10,000,000... .. April 10, 1845 13 miles from Harrisburg, entered on the Telegraphic communication between 27th; and a skirmish takes place within Philadelphia and Fort Lee, opposite New 4 miles of the capital on........ ...June 28, 1863 York, completed... .Jan. 20, 1846 Confederate advance called back by Philadelphia and Pittsburg connected General Lee to concentrate at Gettysburg by telegraph.... .Dec. 26, 1846 June 28, 1863 State forbids the use of jails to hold Battle of Gettysburg....July 1-3, 1863 fugitive slaves... . May 3, 1848 National cemetery at Gettysburg conResurvey of Mason and Dixon's line secrated.... Nov. 19, 1863 completed... .Nov. 19, 1849 Judiciary made elective...... 1850 Manufacture of galvanized iron begun in Philadelphia.. .1852 Railroad track torn up at Harbor Creek, near Erie, by the opposition to the railroad.... .Dec. 9, 1853 Pennsylvania State Agricultural College organized in Centre county.. April 13, 1854 Zinc works at Bethlehem go into oper ation..... .....Oct. 12, 1854 Entire traffic-line of State improvements from Philadelphia to Pittsburg, completed by the State in 1831, sold to the Penn- All the miners in the Avondale coal sylvania Railroad Company for $7,500,000 mine (108) suffocated by the burning of July 31, 1857 the main and only shaft.... Sept. 6, 1869 State divided into twelve (afterwards [Investigation results in effecting needthirteen) normal school districts....1857 ed reform in working the coal mines of the Banks suspend specie payment....1857 First normal school in the State opened at Millersville... .1859 First oil-well drilled in the United States by E. L. Drake, near Titusville; depth, 71 feet; yield, 1,000 gallons per day. .... [During the Civil War the State furnished 269,645 troops (three-years' standard); among them 8,612 were colored. Answering the first call of the President for troops, the State furnished 20,979 threemonths' troops.] Chambersburg again raided and mostly burned by McCausland's Confederate cav alry...... ......July 30, 1864 Citizens of the counties bordering on Maryland reimbursed by the State for damages sustained during the Civil War April 9, 1868 State.] Bureau of labor statistics established Centennial Exposition, at Fairmount Governor Curtin's inaugural pledges the State to the national cause against secession.... .Jan. 15, 1861 May 10, 1876 Five companies of State troops (530 Great strike of railroad employés, men) reach Washington, D. C., the first rapidly extending over most of the lines troops to arrive there for its defence, on of the northern United States, inaugurated the evening of....... . April 18, 1861 July 19, 1877 [The strike was not entirely quieted un- puted cures on St. Anthony's day, dies at til November.] Pittsburg, aged seventy years Johnstown flood.. .June 1, 1889 William D. Kelley, born in 1814, the oldest member of the House of Representatives, dies in Washington, D. C. Jan. 9, 1890 Proposal of Mr. Carnegie to expend $1,000,000 for a public library in Pittsburg accepted. Feb. 10, 1890 Cyclone at Wilkesbarre and other towns, killing fourteen, injuring 180, and damaging property to $1,000,000 Aug. 19, 1890 Boundary between Pennsylvania and New York agreed upon by commissioners, March 26, 1886, and confirmed by both legislatures, is approved by Congress Aug. 19, 1890 International Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers is organized at Pittsburg Oct. 15, 1890 Over 100 miners killed by an explosion of fire-damp in the shaft of Frick & Co.'s coke works, near Mount Pleasant Jan. 27, 1891 Strike in Connellsville coke regions begins; 10,000 miners involved. . Feb. 9, 1891 Eleven strikers killed and forty wounded..... .April 2, 1891 Governor Pattison vetoes the compulsory education bill... .June 18, 1891 Governor signs the Baker ballot reform bill.... ...June 19, 1891 Governor Pattison calls an extra session of the Senate, to meet Oct. 13, to investigate charges against the State's financial officers.... .Sept. 26, 1891 Human Freedom League organized at Independence Hall, Philadelphia Oct. 12, 1891 David Hayes Agnew, surgeon, born 1818, dies at Philadelphia March 22, 1892 "High-water mark" monument, indicating the point reached by the Confederate advance in the assault of July 3, at Gettysburg, dedicated........June 2, 1892 June 15, 1892 Lockout of strikers at mills of the Carnegie Steel Company begins..July 1, 1892 Governor Pattison orders the entire division of National Guard to Homestead July 10, 1892 Chairman Crawford, Hugh O'Donnell, John McLuckie, and thirty others, members of the advisory committee of the Amalgamated Association, are arrested on charge of treason against the commonwealth of Pennsylvania.... Sept. 30, 1892 Strike at Carnegie Steel Mills, Homestead, declared off..... Nov. 20, 1892 Ex-Gov. Henry M. Hoyt dies at Wilkesbarre.......... ...Dec. 1, 1892 Agitation regarding the desecration of the battle-field of Gettysburg by electric cars for carrying sight-seers. . . . . . . . 1893 Twenty-five thousand dollars appropri ated to buy the land at Valley Forge, used by the Continental army. .1893 Free text-books authorized and $500,000 appropriated.... .1893 ... First summer meeting for university extension students opens at Philadelphia under the auspices of the American Society ... .July 5, 1893 One million dollars for the erection of an art gallery bequeathed by Mr. Drexel July 20, 1893 Hon. Charles O'Neill, of Philadelphia, born in 1821, who had been a member of the United States House of Representatives for thirty years, styled "Father of the House," dies... .Nov. 25, 1893 George W. Childs dies at Philadelphia Feb. 3, 1894 Coxey army, moving on Washington, reach Pittsburg, April 2, and leave on the 5th and enter Maryland from Pennsylvania near Cumberland.... April 13, 1894 American liner St. Paul launched at Philadelphia.... .April 10, 1895 State capitol at Harrisburg burned Feb. 2, 1897 Great fire at Pittsburg, loss $3,000,000 May 3, 1897 Dam at Spartansburg bursts, and Washington statuary of the Pennsylgasoline, from tanks broken by the rush- vania Society of the Cincinnati unveiled ing waters, ignites on the surface of Oil by the President of the United States Creek, between Titusville and Oil City; May 15, 1897 over 100 lives lost..........June 5, 1892 International commercial conference Rev. Father Mollinger, famous for re- opened at Philadelphia....June 2, 1897 Coal-miners went on strike July 2, 1897. Ended by compromise Sept. 11, 1897 Strike in the anthracite coal regions Sept. 13-Oct. 13, 1900 [Ended by mutual concessions.] Mayor Ashbridge signs the Philadelphia street-railway ordinances June 13, 1901 [John Wanamaker offered to give $2,500,000 for the franchises which were signed away without consideration.] Iron, steel, and tin workers of Amalgamated Association strike..July 15, 1901 Anthracite miners strike.. May 12, 1902 Naphtha explosion at Sheraden, twentythree killed, 200 injured.... May 12, 1902 RHODE ISLAND Form of government, twelve articles of agreement, framed and adopted by the inhabitants of Providence....July 27, 1640 Rev. Robert Lenthel called by vote to open a public school in Newport....1640 General Assembly asserts Rhode Island Rhode Island, one of the thirteen original States of the Union, and the smallest of the United States, is bounded on the north and east by Massachusetts, on the west by Connecticut, and on the south by the Atlantic Ocean. Block Island, about 9 miles from the mainland, to be a democracy, saving only the right is a portion of the State's territory. of the King, and grants freedom of reArea, 1,250 square miles, in five counties. ligious opinions... Population 1890, 345,506; 1900, 428,556. Capitals, Providence and Newport. Roger Williams, banished from Plymouth colony, with five companies settles at a spot which he calls Providence June, 1636 Aquedneck Island settled by eighteen proprietors at Portsmouth, now New Town, first called Pocasset.... ....1637 Canonicus and his nephew Miantinomo, sachems of the Narragansets, deed to Roger Williams all lands between the Pawtucket and Pawtuxet rivers.......March 24, 1638 Roger Williams and Governor Winthrop make a joint purchase of Prudence Island.. .Nov. 10, 1638 First general training or militia muster in Rhode Island held at Portsmouth Nov. 12, 1638 Aquedneck purchased from the Indians by "William Coddington and his friends " Nov. 22, 1639 First Baptist Church in America founded in Providence.... March, 1641 Four landholders, three of them original proprietors, at Pawtuxet dissatisfied with the opposition of one Samuel Gorton and his partisans to the government, offer themselves and their lands to Massachusetts, and are received by the General Court..... ..Sept. 8, 1642 Samuel Gorton and his companions remove to Shawomet, where they had purchased lands from the Indians, and commence the settlement of Warwick Jan. 12, 1643 Roger Williams is sent to England as agent for Providence, Aquedneck, and Warwick, to secure a charter from the King.. ....1643 Patent granted by Robert, Earl of Warwick, governor-in-chief and lord high admiral, and commissioners, to planters of the towns of Providence, Portsmouth, and Newport, for incorporation of Providence Plantations in Narraganset Bay March 14, 1643 .1639 General Court changes the name of Aquedneck to the "Isles of Rhodes" or Rhode Island..... ...March 13, 1644 Grant to John Smith to establish a John Clarke and several proprietors of Aquedneck remove to the southern part of the island and found Newport....1639 First Baptist Church in Newport grist-mill above Mill Bridge in Provi .1639 dence, the first in Rhode Island......1646 founded |