velopers and correctors of round shoulders they are most effective. As the name implies, they are simply weights attached to ropes, which pass over pulleys, and are provided with handles. The common pulley is placed at about the height of the shoulder of an average man, but recently those which can be adjusted to any desired height have been very generally introduced.

When more special localization is desired than can be obtained by means of the ordinary apparatus, what is known as the double-action chest weight is used. This differs from the ordinary kind in being provided with several pulleys, so that the strain may come at different angles. Double-action weights may be divided into three classes-high, low and side pulleyseach with its particular use.

The highest of all, known as the giant pulleys, are made especially for developing the muscles of the back and chest, and by stretching or elongating movements to increase the interior capacity of the chest. If the front of the chest is full and the back or side chest deficient, the pupil is set to work on the giant pulley. To build up the side-walls he stands with the back to the pulley-box and the left heel resting against it; the handle is grasped in the right hand if the right side of the chest is lacking in development, and then drawn straight down by the side; a step forward with the right foot, as long as possible, is taken, the line brought as far to the front and near the floor as can be done, and then the arm, held stiff, allowed to be drawn slowly up by the weight. To exercise the left side the same process is gone through with, the handle grasped in the left hand. Another kind of giant pulley is that which allows the operator to stand directly under it, and is used for increasing the lateral diameter of the chest. The handles are drawn straight down by the sides, the arms are then spread and drawn back by the weights. Generally speaking, high pulleys are most used for correcting high, round shoulders; low pulleys for low, round shoulders; side pulleys for individual high or low shoulders, and giant pulleys for the development of the walls of the chest and to correct spinal curvature.

The traveling rings, a line of iron rings covered with rubber and attached to long ropes fastened to the ceiling some ten feet apart, are also valuable in developing the muscles of the back, arms and sides. The first ring is grasped in one hand and a spring taken from an elevated platform. The momentum carries the gymnast to the next ring, which is seized with the free hand, and so the entire length of the line is 'traversed. The parallel bars, low and high, the flying rings, the horizontal bar and the trapeze all have their uses, but of late years they have been relegated to a position of distinct inferiority to that now occcupied by the dumbbells and pulley weights.

[311]

Diseases and their Remedies.-Prescriptions by Eminent Practitioners.

IT

T should be clearly understood, that in all cases of disease, the advice of a skillful physician is of the first importance. It is not, therefore, intended by the following information to supersede the important and necessary practice of the medical man; but rather, by exhibiting the treatment required, to show in what degree his aid is imperative. In cases, however, where the disorder may be simple or transient, or in which remote residence, or other circumstances, may deny the privilege of medical attendance, the following particulars will be found of the utmost value. Moreover, the hints given upon what should be AVOIDED will be of great service to the patient, since the physiological is no less important than the medical treatment of disease. The numbers refer to prescriptions on pp. 315-318. APOPLEXY-Lay the head upon a bag of pounded ice, immedate and large bleeding from the arm, cupping neck, leeches to the temples, aperients Nos. 1 and 7, one or two drops of cotton oil rubbed or dropped on the tongue. Avoid excesses, intemperance, animal food.

BILE, BILIOUS,OR LIVER COMPLAINTS-Abstinence from malt liquer, cool homeopathic cocoa for drink, no tea or coffee, few vegetables, no broths or soups; lean juicy meat not overcooked for dinner, with stale bread occasionally and a slice of toasted bacon for breakfast. Nos. 44 and 45.

CHICKEN POx-Mild aperients, No. 4, succeeded by No. 7, and No. 8, if much fever accompany the eruption.

CHILBLAINS-Warm, dry woolen clothing to exposed parts in cold weather, as a preventive In the first stage, friction with No 48, used cold When i lcers form they should be washed twice daily with carbolic soap and dressed with zoted zinc ointment. Or, chilblains in every stage, whether of simple inflammation or open ulcer, may always be successfully treated by Goulard's extract, used pare or applied on lint twice a day.

COMMON CONTINUED FEVER-Aperients; in the commencement No. 1, followed by No. 7; then diaphoretics, No. 8, and afterwards tonics, No. 13, in the stage of weakness. Avoid all excesses

COMMON COUGH-The linctus, No. 42 or No. 43, abstinence from malt liquor, and protection from cold, damp air. Avoid cold, damp, and draughts.

CONSTIPATION-The observance of a regular period of evacuating the bowels, which is most proper in the morning after breakfast. The use of mild aperients, No. 37, and brown bread instead of white. There should be an entire change in the dietary for a few days while taking opening medicine.

CONSUMPTION-The disease may be complicated with various morbid conditions of the lungs and heart, which require appropriate treatment. Take cod liver oil, malt and whisky. To allay the cough, No. 32 is an admirable remedy. Avoid cold, damp, excitement and over-exertion.

CONVULSIONS (CHILDREN)-If during teething, free lancing of the gums, the warm bath, cold applications to the head, leeches to the temples, an emetic, and a laxative clyster, No. 20.

CROUP-Leeches to the throat, with hot fomentations as long as the attack lasts; the emetic, No. 16, afterwards the aperient, No. 5. Avoid cold and damp. Keep the air in the sick-room moistened with steam.

A SIMPLE CROUP REMEDY.-Take the white of an egg, stir it

thoroughly into a small quantity of sweetened water, and give it in repeated doses until a cure is effected. If one egg is not sufficient, a second, or even a third should be used.

DROPSY-Evacuate the water by means of No. 10, and by rubbing camphorated oil into the body night and morning.

EPILEPSY-If accompanied or produced by fullness of the vessels of the head, leeches to the temples, blisters, and No. 1 and No. 7. If from debility or confirmed epilepsy, the mixture No. 18. Avoid drinking and excitement. Let the patient alone during the convulsion.

ERUPTIONS ON THE FACE-The powder, No. 30, internally, sponging the face with the lotion No. 31. Avoid excesses in diet.

ERYSIPELAS-Aperients, if the patient be strong, No. 1, followed by No. 7, then tonics, No. 27. No. 27 may be used from the commencement for weak subjects.

FAINTNESS-Effusion of cold water on the face, stimulants to the nostrils, pure air, and the recumbent position; afterwards, avoidance of the exciting cause. Avoid excitement.

FROST-BITE AND FROZEN LIMBS-No heating or stimulating liquors must be given. Rub the parts affected with ice, cold, or snow water, and lay the patient on a cold bed.

GOUT-The aperients No. 1, followed by No. 24, bathing the parts with gin-and-water; for drink, weak tea or coffee. Warmth by flannels. Abstain from wines, spirits, and animal food.

GRAVEL-No. 5, followed by No. 7, the free use of magnesia as an aperient. The pill No. 22. Abstain from fermented drinks and hard water. Another form of gravel must be treated by mineral acids, given three times a day.

WHOOPING COUGH-Whooping cough may be complicated with congestion or inflammation of the lungs, or convulsions, and then becomes a serious disease. If uncomplicated, No. 43.

HYSTERICS-The fit may be prevented by the administration of thirty drops of laudanum, and as many of ether. When it has taken place, open the windows, loosen the tight parts of the dress, sprinkle cold water on the face, etc. A glass of wine or cold water when the patient can swallow. Avoid excitement and tight lacing.

INDIGESTION-The pills No. 2, with the mixture No. 18, at the same time abstinence from veal, pork, mackerel, salmon, pastry, and beer; for drink, homeopathic cocoa, a glass of cold spring water the first thing every morning. Avoid excesses.

INFLAMMATION OF THE BLADDER-Aperients No. 5 and No. 7, the warm bath, afterwards opium; the pill No. 11, three times a day till relieved. Avoid fermented liquors, etc. Large quantities of water should be taken, especially spring water containing lithia.

INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS-Leeches, blisters, fomentations, hot baths, iced drinks, the pills No. 19; move the bowels with clysters, if necessary, No. 20. Avoid cold, indigestible food, etc.

INFLAMMATION OF THE BRAIN-Application of cold to the head, bleeding from the temples or back of the neck by leeches or cupping; aperients No. 1, followed by No. 7, No. 15. Avoid excitement, study, intemperance.

INFLAMMATION OF THE KIDNEYS-Leeches over the seat of pain, aperients No. 5, followed by No. 49; the warm bath. Avoid violent exercise, rich living.

INFLAMMATION OF THE LIVER-Leeches over the right side, the seat of pain, blisters, aperients No. 1, followed by No. 7, afterwards the pills No. 19, till the gums are slightly tender. Avoid cold, damp, intemperance, and anxiety. INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS-Leeches to seat of pain,

succeeded by a blister; the demulcent mixture, No. 14, to allay the cough, with the powders No. 15, whisky and milk. Avoid cold, damp, and draughts.

INFLAMMATION OF THE STOMACH-Leeches to the pit of the stomach, followed by fomentations, cold iced water for drink, bowels to be evacuated by clysters; abstinence from all food except cold gruel, milk and water. Avoid ex

cesses and condiments.

INFLAMMATORY SORE THROAT-Leeches and blisters externally, aperients No. 1, followed by number 7; gargle to clear the throat, No. 17. Avoid cold, damp, and draughts.

INFLAMED EYES-The bowels to be regulated by No. 5, drop 5% cocaine solution in the eye every three or four hours, the eye to be bathed with No. 35.

INFLUENZA-No. 4 as an aperient and diaphoretic.

No. 14

to allay fever and cough. No. 28 as a tonic, when weakness only remains. Avoid cold and damp, use clothing suited to the changes of temperature.

INTERMITTENT FEVER, OR AGUE--Take No. 13 during the intermission of the paroxysm of the fever; keeping the bowels free with a wine glass of No. 7. Avoid bad air, stagnant pools, etc.

ITCH-The ointment No. 28, or lotion No. 29.

JAUNDICE-The pills No. 1, afterwards the mixture No. 7, drinking freely of dandelion tea.

LOOSENESS OF THE BOWELS (ENGLISH CHOLERA)-One pill No. 19, repeated if necessary; afterwards the mixture No. 21. Avoid unripe fruits, acid drinks, ginger beer; wrap flannel around the abdomen.

MEASLES--A well-ventilated room, aperients No. 4, with No. 14 to allay the cough and fever.

MENSTRUATION (EXCESSIVE)--No. 40 during the attack, with rest in the recumbent position; in the intervals, No. 39.

MENSTRUATION (SCANTY)--In strong patients, cupping the loins, exercise in the open air, No. 40, the feet in warm water before the expected period, the pills No. 38; in weak subjects No. 39. Gentle and regular exercise. Avoid hot rooms, and too much sleep. In cases of this description it is desirable to apply to a medical man for advice. Ît may be useful to many to point out that pennyroyal tea is a simple and useful medicine for inducing the desired result.

MENSTRUATION (PAINFUL)--No. 41 during the attack; in the intervals, No. 38 twice a week, with No. 39. Avoid cold. mental excitement, etc.

MUMPS-Fomentation with a decoction of camomiles and poppy heads; No. 4 as an aperient, and No. 9 during the stage of fever. Avoid cold, and attend to the regularity of the bowels.

NERVOUSNESS-Cheerful society, early rising, exercise in the open air, particularly on horseback, and No. 12. Avoid excitement, study, and late meals.

PALPITATION OF THE HEART-The pills No. 2, with the

mixture No. 12.

PILES-The paste No. 34, at the same time a regulated diet. When the piles are external, or can be reached, one or two applications of Goulard's extract, with an occasional dose of lenitive electuary, will generally succeed in curing them.

QUINSY-A blister applied all around the throat; an emetic, No. 16, commonly succeeds in breaking the abscess; afterwards the gargle No. 17. Avoid cold and damp.

RHEUMATISM--Bathe the affected parts with No. 23, and take internally No. 24, with No. 25 at bedtime, to ease pain, etc. Avoid damp and cold, wear flannel.

RICKETS-The powder No. 33, a dry, pure atmosphere, a

nourishing diet.

RINGWORM-The lotion No. 32, with the occasional use of the powder No. 5. Fresh air and cleanliness

SCARLET FEVER-Well-ventilated room, sponging the body when hot with cold or tepid vinegar, or spirit and water; aperients, No. 4; diapho. retics, No. 8. If dropsy succeed the disappearance of the eruption, frequent purging with No. 5, succeeded by No. 7.

SCROFULA-Pure air, light but warm clothing, diet of fresh animal food; bowels to be regulated by No. 6 and No. 26, taken regularly for a considerable time.

SCURVY-Fresh animal and vegetable food, and the free use of ripe fruits and lemon juice. Avoid cold and damp.

SMALLPOX-A well-ventilated apartment, mild aperients; if fever be present, No. 7, succeeded by diaphoretics No. 8, and tonics No. 13 in the stage of debility, or decline of the eruption.

ST. VITUS DANCE-The occasional use, in the commencement, of No. 5, followed by No. 7, afterwards No. 46.

THRUSH-One of the powders No. 6 every other night; in the intervals a dessertspoonful of the mixture No. 18 three times a day; white spots to be dressed with the honey of borax.

TIC DOLOREUX--Regulate the bowels with No. 3, and take, in the intervals of pain, No. 27. Avoid cold, damp, and mental anxiety.

TOOTHACHE-Continue the use of No. 3 for a few alternate days. Apply liquor ammonia to reduce the pain, and when that is accomplished, fill the decayed spots with silver succedaneum without delay, or the pain will return. A drop of creosote, or a few drops of chloroform on cotton, applied to the tooth, or a few grains of camphor placed in the decayed opening, or camphor moistened with turpentine, will often afford instant relief.

TYPHUS FEVER-Sponging the body with cold or tepid water, a well-ventilated apartment, cold applications to the head and temples. Aperients No. 4, with refrigerants No. 9, tonics No. 13 in the stage of debility.

WATER ON THE BRAIN-Local bleeding by means of leeches, blisters, aperients No. 5, and mercurial medicines, No. 15.

WHITES—The mixture No. 36, with the injection No. 37. Clothing light but warm, moderate exercise in the open air, country residence.

WORMS IN THE Intestines-The aperient No. 5, followed by No. 7, afterwards the free use of lime water and milk in equal parts, a pint daily. Avoid unwholesome food.

PRESCRIPTIONS.

To be used in the cases enumerated under the head "Diseases" (pages 312-315.)

The following prescriptions, originally derived from various prescribers' Pharmacopoeias, and now carefully revised, embody the favorite remedies employed by the most eminent physicians: 1. Take of powdered aloes, nine grains; extract of colocynth, compound, eighteen grains; calomel, nine grains; tartrate of antimony, two grains; mucilage, sufficient to make a mass, which is divided into six pills; two to be taken every twenty-four hours, till they act thoroughly on the bowels; in cases of inflammation, apoplexy, etc.

2. Powdered rhubarb, Socotrine aloes, and gum mastic, each one scruple; make into twelve pills; one before and one after dinner.