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Colonel WAUGH. We have looked into that matter, sir.

Senator JACKSON. Let me ask one further question: How is it going to affect the flying pattern into both the civilian airport and the military base?

Colonel JOSEPH. That is going to be controlled area in there.

Senator JACKSON. I understand. But why do you have a controlled area so close to the two big airports in all of Alaska?

Colonel JOSEPH. Because in this, in fact, they have a problem of moving the big guns. As a matter of fact, the Army tried to go down more on the Kenai Peninsula, but the problem to get the big guns there was too big.

Senator JACKSON. Can you not go out beyond the Matanuska area? Can you not go farther out the Glen Highway?

Colonel JOSEPH. The highway cannot support the guns.

Colonel WAUGH. May I answer this question on Turnagain Arm, sir? The Army has been searching all around the Fort Richardson area for an adequate antiaircraft artillery range. We acquired a range at Susitna Flats. That is to the northwest of Anchorge.

Senator JACKSON. That is near the proposed site, Mr. Chairman, of the big hydroelectric development.

Colonel WAUGH. The acquisition of this range was opposed rather strenuously by the people of Anchorage. The Army acquired it to use on a limited basis, in which we would only use the range two periods of the year, not to exceed 6 weeks' duration in each period. The width of our firing area would be reduced from 91°, which would be considered a desirable range, to 42° traverse. It was only to be used until another range could be located. The owners of private property would be allowed access to their property at all times except when firing was actually in progress. No firing would be conducted on weekends.

Senator CORDON. Do you mean to say that you are going to have a firing pattern that will endanger privately owned land?

Colonel WAUGH. This Susitna Range, sir. We are going to acquire this land.

Senator JACKSON. Mr. Chairman, I want to say at this point that the reason I am raising this question is that in this proposed new firing-range area, they will have to acquire privately owned and privately developed lands. I think that is the first time that has happened in Alaska in connection with these large reservations. I raise the question that they ought to be able to find some public-domain land in the Territory that they can use in lieu of the acquisition of privately owned land. It is going to cost the Government some money. The CHAIRMAN. I think the major has some more answer to the question that he has not gotten out yet.

Colonel WAUGH. The commanding general of the United States Army in Alaska, on his suggestion, appointed a citizens' committee of Anchorage to find an adequate artillery range which would meet the minimum objections and still satisfy the military requirements. Senator CORDON. What are the military requirements?

Colonel WAUGH. It should be a range that could fire 120-millimeter antiaircraft guns.

Senator CORDON. Do you do all of that on the western side of Cook Inlet?

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Colonel WAUGH. There is no way of getting over there. Those guns weigh from 60 to 70 tons. They have to have good roads.

Senator CORDON. How much does a 16-inch gun weigh on a battleship?

Colonel WAUGH. That is not a 16-inch gun.

Senator CORDON. I have never seen anything yet that could not be moved across water.

Colonel WAUGH. We would have to build a tremendous lot of facilities, docking and ferrying, to take things across the water. This Turnagain Arm Range was picked by this citizens' committee as an adequate range.

Senator CORDON. Do you not have a vast area right here that you can have for a gunnery range, east of Anchorage, all of that area! Colonel WAUGH. No, sir.

Senator CORDON. What is it for?

Colonel WAUGH. That might be used for land-firing weapons, but is not adequate for antiaircraft artillery, because antiaircraft artillery fire at towed targets or radio-controlled targets that are in the area, and it would interfere with any range work that would be on the land there.

Senator CORDON. Why? Why cannot you tow a target over all of this vast area as well as you can on the other side?

Colonel WAUGH. There is not enough room, sir.

Senator CORDON. Well, it is 6 miles long right there, and I do not know how wide.

Major RAINEY. That is nowhere near enough, sir.

Colonel WAUGH. Not for an antiaircraft range, firing up from 20,000 to 60,000 feet.

Senator CORDON. How big an area do you need?

Major RAINEY. You need about 113,000 acres. In addition to that, we will fire over water.

Senator JACKSON. You must fire over water?

Major RAINEY. In the Turnagain Arm area; yes, sir. We are only acquiring 828 acres of privately owned land in Alaska at Turnagain Arm.

Senator JACKSON. What about that, Delegate Bartlett? Before you leave, how much privately owned property will be interfered with at Turnagain Arm?

Major RAINEY. Yes, there is a community effort being made down there to have a public hearing called on this matter. Not a whole lot, I suspect, as yet.

Senator JACKSON. I take the Colonel's word for 829 acres.

Delegate BARTLETT. But the people who are affected, of course, are vastly disturbed. I think another point to be considered there is that there is area prospective settlement there which will be interferred with.

The CHAIRMAN. It is correct, though, that that area was selected by the citizens of the area.

Delegate BARTLETT. The people there would say, "We were not on that committee." I do want to add that the Army was very, very cooperative in the whole enterprise and did give the people of Anchorage an opportunity to appoint a committee and listened to their views.

Senator CORDON. How are you going to get the guns into the Turnagain Arm area?

Colonel WAUGH. There is a road into that area, sir.

Snator CORDON. Sufficient to carry that tonnage?

Colonel WAUGH. Yes, sir.

Senator JACKSON. Why do you not go out the Richardson Highway?

Colonel WAUGH. The Richardson Highway is quite away from Richardson, sir.

Senator JACKSON. I understand that.

Colonel WAUGH. Do you mean the Matanuska Highway, sir?

Senator JACKSON. The Matanuska Highway.

Colonel WAUGH. When we go up in here, this is all good farming land in here.

Senator JACKSON. What about on the highway to Fairbanks? On out that way.

Colonel WAUGH. That is a railroad. Glenn Highway?
Senator JACKSON. The Glenn Highway.

Colonel WAUGH. That would be too far away, sir.

Senator JACKSON. How far is the Yakima firing range from Fort Lewis?

Colonel WAUGH. That is about 140 miles. One thing, we do have separate sets of equipment. But we cannot afford to do that every place, and not up in Alaska.

Senator JACKSON. Do you not leave your guns out at the range?

Colonel WAUGH. No, sir. A lot of those guns are on defense sites around the Anchorage area.

Senator JACKSON. The only question is it seems to me, Mr. Chairman, that we already have the Fort Richardson ground force reservation, and now we are going to bring in another big chunk right around the city.

Colonel WAUGH. This is quite a ways from the city. It would be, I would say roughly 30 miles from the city.

Senator JACKSON. Delegate Bartlett just mentioned that that area is growing and it is part of a development area of the city of Anchorage. There is a road from Anchorage right in there and the whole area is expanding.

Colonel WAUGH. That was the area that was selected as causing the least amount of public opposition.

The CHAIRMAN. By the citizens' committee?

Colonel WAUGH. By the citizens of Anchorage; yes, sir. When we get that range, we give up this Susitna area in which we have a considerable amount of opposition. There are a lot of trappers in this

area.

Senator CORDON. Trappers?

Colonel WAUGH. Yes, sir. There were when I was there. I don't know whether there are today. That was several years ago. Senator CORDON. Any other questions, gentlemen?

If not, thank you very much.

Gentlemen, we will recess the hearing until 10 o'clock in the morning.

(The following letter and enclosures were later received for the record.)

43175-54- -13

Hon. GUY CORDON,

ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE,

PROPERTIES AND INSTALLATIONS, Washington 25, D. C., February 5, 1954.

Chairman, Subcommittee on Territories and Insular Affairs of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, United States Senate,

DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: In accordance with specific requests of your subcommittee during the January 28, 1955, hearing on S. 49 (title II), statehood for Alaska, pertinent material has been obtained and, following our review of same with the respective military departments, is submitted herewith for the consideration of your subcommittee.

From comparison with the transcript of the hearing, it appears that the enclosed data covers all of the questions for which the Department of Defense representatives were unable to furnish complete answers at the hearing. If additional information is required we shall do all within our capabilities to furnish same.

Your subcommittee may be assured that our holdings in Alaska will be included in the continuing review of all land under military control, toward our objective of reducing Department of Defense real property holdings as much as possible consistent with realistic requirements of national security.

Sincerely yours,

FRANKLIN G. FLOETE.

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, OFFICE OF THE ASSISTANT CHIEF OF STAFF, G-4, LOGISTICS, Washington 25, D. C., February 4, 1554. Memorandum for: The Assistant Secretary of Defense (Properties and Installations) Subject: Additional information to Senate subcommittee hearings on statehood for Alaska

In reference to your verbal request for additional information pertaining to the details of use of Army-controlled land in the Anchorage, Alaska, area, in connection with hearings before Senate Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee, the following is furnished :

"The main Army withdrawals from public domain near Anchorage consist of Fort Richardson proper and the Campbell Creek area.

"Fort Richardson (67,000 acres) consists of approximately 27,500 acres of good terrain; 17,600 acres of exceedingly rugged mountainous area averaging 3,000 feet in elevation as compared with an average elevation of 400 feet for the balance of the post; 6,000 acres of swamp; and 15,900 acres of inaccessible marginal land between Eagle River and the northeast boundary of the reservation. A map of Fort Richardson showing the varied terrain is attached as enclosure 1. Of the 27,500 acres considered good terrain. 4,500 acres are devoted to the Alaska General Depot warehouses and shops, troop and family housing, post warehouses and shops, community and administrative facilities, dispersed ammunition storage areas and antenna farms; 13,400 acres are utilized for small-unit maneuver areas (terrain exercises) and 9,600 acres are used for small-arms ranges and a portion of the combat ranges. The following utilization is made of the remaining 39,500 acres consisting of mountainous terrain, swamps, and marginal land; 1,600 acres in combat ranges; 15,900 acres in field artillery, tank, and aerial gunnery ranges; 22,000 acres, which is primarily the mountainous area in the southeastern portion of the reservation, is projected for use as a field artillery range. A large proportion of this mountainous area represents a portion of the watershed for Ship Creek which furnishes the water supply for Anchorage and the military installations.

"Since there are large private landholdings in the vicinity of Anchorage, the regimental combat team assigned to Fort Richardson is compelled to confine most of its training to the reservation proper.

"Fort Richardson has in addition to an RCT two battalions of antiaircraft artillery, two tank companies, and an engineer construction battalion, as well as service troops assigned to the Alaska General Depot. These troops generate a requirement for training areas in addition to those of the RCT. A further factor in space requirement is that the troops at this installation are on a semicombat deployment basis at all times. They provide the AAA and ground defenses of Elmendorf Air Force Base and Fort Richardson, in even of an emer

gency. No relinquishment of acreage from the Fort Richardson military reservation is possible.

"The land nearest the city of Anchorage is along the western boundary of the post which for two-thirds of its length is the eastern boundary of Elmendorf Air Force Base. The remaining length of the boundary is adjacent to privately owned lands and swamplands approximately one-half mile in width.

“Adjacent to the Glenn (Palmer) Highway which passes through Fort Richardson are such permanent facilities as administration buildings, warehouses, and shop facilities of the Alaska General Depot, Fort Richardson tactical troop deployment areas, ammunition storage area, and Camp Denali (the principal training camp for the Alaska National Guard and Alaska Reserve units). The warehouse, shop, and ammunition storage facilities represent a total investment of approximately $21 million and occupy most of the favorable terrain in the area. These permanent facilities cannot be moved.

"Campbell Creek Range and maneuver site is adjacent to the Fort Richardson reservation and comprises approximately 5,680 acres. This area is required as it is the only area in this part of Alaska where a battalion-size problem can be conducted on reasonable terrain without interfering with the civilian populace. The areas at Fort Richardson mentioned above as being used for training areas consist of approximately 20 scattered parcels over the post and no 1 parcel or combination of several can be used to accommodate battalion-size problems. No relinquishment of the Campbell Creek area is possible.

"The antiaircraft range in the Turnagain Arm area will be the only additional land the Army will acquire under present plans. This area is shown on the attached map (enclosure 2). It is pointed out that of 201,000 acres to be withdrawn, 154,000 acres of this range is over water and only the 828 acres of land is to be acquired by the purchase of private rights at an estimated cost of $136,000. The remaining land is part of the Kenai National Moose Range. When the Turnagain Arm Range is acquired the lands (86,570 acres) shown on the Susitna Gunnery Range map (enclosure 3) will be relinquished.

"Enclosure 4 is the Alaska Communication Service justification for retention of the remote receiving station at Campbell Point."

W. A. CARTER,

Brigadier General, GS Chief, Service Division
(For the Assistant Chief of Staff, G-4).

(The first 3 enclosures are retained in the committee files. Enclosure 4 is made a part of the record as follows:)

ALASKA COMMUNICATION SYSTEM REMOTE RECEIVING STATION, CAMPBELL POINT,

ANCHORAGE, ALASKA

1. The Campbell Point Receiving Station site occupies 5,061.97 acres and is located approximately 8 miles from Anchorage. The adjacent areas are as follows: To the south, a small new subdivision; farm acreage southeast; international airport on the east; mud flats and waters of Cook Inlet on the north and west. Generally, the area is rolling land, a portion being quite hilly and swampy and unsatisfactory for either radio antennas of civilian housing or farming. (See enclosure 1.)

2. The following are justifications for the size of the area :

(a) Approximately 150 acres is occupied by the CAA on a use permit basis approved by the Secretary of the Army. An additional approximate 500 acres has been allocated for future CAA use. The CAA requires this area for aeronautical communications.

(b) In correspondence between the ACS and the FCC, the ACS has been committed to give the FCC use permit for approximately 640 acres for antenna construction, an additional space of approximately 15 acres for operation and administration buildings.

(c) The use permit to the CAA and FCC agencies are subject to noninterference to ACS communications.

(d) The remaining area issued by the ACS for receiver station and associated buildings including personnel housing and antenna field.

(1) ACS at the present time has 22 rhombic (diamond-shaped) antennas average 300 feet long; 1 Beverage antenna, 10,000 feet; 2 Beverage, 8,000 feet, and 17 miscellaneous antennas. A number of additional long Beverage antennas will be required at a later date for military communications.

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