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from, i, 412; battery at, ii, 4; A SPIRITED
REMONSTRANCE, 401-402; manuscript
records, 402; camp at, 552.
Camden (S. C.), battle of, ii, 610.
Cameron, Simon, Russell's impressions of,
iv, 291.

Camp life, at Washington's headquarters,

ii, 495-497 in Canada, 504-507; at
Valley Forge, 568-573; of Rough Riders,
iv, 587. See also Army.

Campbell, Sir George, POLITICAL CONDI-
TIONS IN THE SOUTH, iv, 647-649;
White and Black, 649.

Canada, discovery of, i, 107-112; French
government of, 133-135, ii, 324-326;
relations with Rhode Island, i, 408;
Archives, ii, 17; fur trade in, 322-324;
Hessian troops in, 504-507; retention of
frontier posts, iii, 158-159; relation with
the Indians, 159; militia, 159; war ves-
sels on Great Lakes, 159-160; reciprocity
treaty, iv, 542-543; fishery question, 542-
546. See also Fisheries, French, In-
dians.

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Canals, Nicaragua, iii, 56, iv, 622-625, 627;
New York, plans for, iii, 59-62; Calhoun
on, 437; travel by, 566.

Canterbury, Archbishop of, on bishops in
America, ii, 289–290.

Cape Ann, sighted by Higginson, i, 192.
Cape Breton, expeditions against, ii, 59, 60.
Cape Cod, John Smith at, i, 314, 317;
Mayflower reaches, 345.

Cape of Good Hope, Drake's voyage, i, 87.
Capital, national, location, iii, 269-272; de-
scription of, 331-333.

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Carmarthen, Marquis of, interview with
John Adams, iii, 172.

Carolinas, first English voyage to, i, 89-95;
settlement of, 276-284; settlements in,
ii, 94-100; government of, 143; cam-
paigns in, 606-608. --See also Georgia,
North Carolina, South Carolina.
Carpenter, F. B., Six Months at the White
House, iv, 9.

Carpet-bag government, in South Carolina,
iv, 497-500; expenditures under, 499.
in Alabama, 501-504. See also
502;
Reconstruction.

-

Carr, Sir Robert, commissioner, CONDI-
TION OF THE NORTHERN PROVINCES,
i, 428-430.

Carroll, B. R., Historical Collections of
South Carolina, i, 14, ii, 17, 21, 344.
Carroll, Henry King, THE PORTO RICANS,
iv, 597-601; Report on Porto Rico, 601.
Carrying trade, with West Indies, ii, 167.
See also Navigation.

Carteret, Sir George, CONCESSIONS AND
AGREEMENTS OF THE PROPRIETORS OF
EAST JERSEY, i, 563-566.

Cartier, Jacques, DISCOVERY OF THE ST.
LAWRENCE, i, 107-112.

PROV-

Cartwright, George, commissioner, CON-
DITION OF THE NORTHERN
INCES, i, 428-430.
Cartwright, Peter, A MUSCULAR CHRIS-
TIAN, iii, 471-475; Autobiography, 475-
Carver, John, governor of Plymouth, i,
349.

Carver, Jonathan, value of personal ex-

perience, ii, 3; A CONCISE CHARACTER
OF THE INDIANS, 334-336; Travels,
336.

Cary, Phoebe, VOICE OF THE NORTHERN
WOMEN, iv, 236-237.

Castelman, Richard, PHILADELPHIA, A

NOBLE, LARGE, AND POPULOUS CITY,
ii, 74-77; Voyage, Shipwreck, and Miracu-
lous Escape, 77.

Catalogues, as guides to sources, i, 16, ii, 22.
Cathcart, James Leander, COURTESIES
OF A BASHAW, iii, 351-355.
Cattle, iii, 68.

Cavendish, Thomas, Lord, connection with
Virginia, i, 229.

Caxamalca (Peru), Pizarro at, i, 53-57.
Cedar Creek, Sheridan's account of battle
of, iv, 422-425; Read's poem on, 426-
427.

Census, fraud in, iv, 510.

Cervera, Admiral, in Spanish War, iv, 582-
585.

Chalmers, George, Revolt of the American
Colonies, ii, 15: Opinions of Eminent

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Chancellorsville, Lee's report of battle of,
iv, 359-363.

Channing, Edward, Guide to the Study of
American History, i, 3-7, 17, 20, 22, ii,
3-6, 11, 14, 16, 23, 26, 28, iii, 2, iv, 2, 7;
American History Leaflets, i, 5, 14, ii, 5.
12, 20, iii, 8, iv, 6; School History of the
United States, i, 26; Students' History of
the United States, ii, 33, iii, 4; United
States of America, ii, 34.
Channing, William Ellery, AN ANTI-
SLAVERY PROTEST, iii, 642-645; Letter
to Henry Clay on the Annexation of Texas,
645.

Chapultepec, stormed, iv, 27, 29-30.

Charles I, AN ATTEMPT TO SIFT EMIGRA-
TION, i, 183.

Charles II, relation to colonies, i, 19; IN-
STRUCTIONS FOR THE COUNCILL AP-
POINTED FOR FORRAIGNE PLANTACÔNS,
184-186; favor to Rhode Island, 405;
address of Massachusetts to, 454-457.
Charles III, of Spain, A ROYAL COMMIS-

SION, iii, 170-171.

Charleston, St. Michael's Church, ii, 4, 285;
description in 1699, 94-95; in 1742, 99:
surrender, 606; Democratic convention
in 1860, iv, 151-155; secession excite-
ment, 183-186. See also Carolinas,
South Carolina, Sumter.
Charleston Mercury, iv, 162.
Charlestown (Mass.), settlement, i, 371;
settlement opposed, 376..

Charters, as sources, 1, 5, ii, 5; defence
of Virginian, i, 228-233; Massachusetts,
granted, 367, demand for surrender, 387,
quashed, 462; Rhode Island, 401, 407;
New England, defended, ii, 133-137; loss
of New England, 135-136; right of Parlia-
ment to annul, questioned, 137; rights
under, 394-395.-See also Colonies,
Constitution, Proprietors, and colonies by

name.

Chase, Salmon Portland, on relief of Sum-

ter, iv, 211; Russell's impression of, 291;
DEBATE IN THE CABINET, 400-402; on
emancipation, 401.

Chastellux, Marquis de, on the American

army, ii, 24; HOW THE FRONTIERS
WERE SETTLED, 392-393: Travels, 393,
497, iii, 11, 89; AT WASHINGTON'S

HEADQUARTERS, ii, 495-497; in Boston,
iii, 33; SPIRIT OF AMERICAN DEMOC-
RACY, 86-89.

Chatham, Earl of. See Pitt, William,
Chattanooga, attack at Brown's Ferry, iv,
273-276; Thomas's report on battles at,
386-389.

Chauncy, Charles, FEARS OF EPISCOPACY,
ii, 418-420; Letter to a Friend, 420.
Cheever, Ezekiel, WITCHES' TESTIMONY,
ii, 40-48.

Chesapeake (ship), capture of, iii, 395-
400.
Chesapeake Bay, naval actions in, ii, 575-
576, 609.

Chew house, at Germantown, ii, 41.
Chicago, description in 1833, iii, 475-478;
Republican convention in 1860, iv, 155-
159; war meeting in 1862, 232-236.
Chicago River, i, 140.

Chicago Tribune, A WAR MEETING, iv,
232-236; CAPTURE OF FORT DONEL-
SON, 324-328.

Chickamauga, Federal account of battle of,
iv, 381-385.

Child, Robert, and others, A DEMAND FOR
A SHARE IN THE GOVERNMENT, i, 390-
392.

Chili, Drake's plundering, i, 83; interest of
United States in, iv, 561-563.
Chimneys and fire-places, care of, ii, 211.
China, Cabot thinks he discovers, i, 69; how
to reach, 161; open-door policy, iv, 616–
618; Boxer insurrection, 619–622.
Chittenden, Lucius Eugene, Personal Rem-
iniscences, iv, 9; LAST EFFORT AT COM-
PROMISE, 204-209; Debates and Proceed-
ings of the Conference Convention, 209.
Choate, Rufus, Works, iv, 10.
Christiana (Penn.), tragedy at, iv, 84-87.
Christianity, opportunity among Indians, i,
129,156-157.-See also Indians, Religion.
Christina, Fort, on the Delaware, i, 550.
Christison Wenlock, condemned Quaker,
i, 481-484.

Church, in Virginia, i, 241; suffrage in Mas-
sachusetts, 390-392; attendance enforced,
487-488; government in New England,
495; of England, dissenters, ii, 52-53; ten-
dency to undermine, 106; church wardens,
210, 212-213; attempt to establish, 289-

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See also Religion, Tolera-

290, 418-420.
tion.
Churchill, Charles, The North Briton, ii, 380.
Cibola, journey to, i, 60.

Cider, production. of, iii, 69.

Ciguare, Columbus's information, i, 45.
Cincinnati, Order of, ii, 626-627.
Citations, principles of, i, 17, ii, 23-24.
Citizenship, state and national, iv, 126;
negro, 126-129. - See also Government,
Reconstruction, Suffrage.

City, to be founded in Maine, i, 177.
City government, record, ii, 208-211. - See
also Municipal Life.

Civil rights, under fourteenth amendment,
iv, 482-483; military governors' orders,
485-489.- - See also Constitution, Ne-
groes, Reconstruction.
Civil service reform, iv, 636-638.
Civil War, causes, iv, 151-227; threatened,
170-173; southern indifference to, 173;
southern reliance on cotton, 192; Union
not cementable by, 198; northern enthu-
siasm at outbreak, 221-224; call for
troops, 221, 225; satire on outbreak, 224-
230; conditions of, 228-305; northern
call to arms, 230-232, 236-237; war meet-
ings, 232-236, 258-259; resolutions on,
235 Everett on, 237-239; northern war
songs, 259-263; southern war songs, 277-
280, 282-283; war-time government, 287-
305 Seward and Lincoln on policy of,
293-295; Bright on, 296-298; Trent affair,
298-301; Lincoln on, 303-305, 399; prog-
ress of, 306-444; year of preparation,
306-323; Phillips on, 306-309; northern
preparations, 314-319; southern prepa-
rations, 319-323; year of discouragement,
324-358; year of advance, 359-389; draft
riot in New York, 376-381; Garrison on,
395-397; Confiscation Act, 398; Vallan-
digham on, 402-405; year of victory, 412-
444; satire on close of, 440-444. See
also Army (Confederate, United States),
Confederate States, Emancipation, Freed-
men, Navy (American), North, Officers,
Secession, Slavery, South, battles by
name, generals by name, and Tables of
Contents.

Clap, Roger, HOW A SETTLER LEFT ENG-
LAND, i, 195-196; Memoirs, 196.

Clap, Thomas, THE HISTORY OF YALE-
COLLEGE, ii, 255-258.

Clark, George Rogers, THE CONQUEST OF
THE ILLINOIS COUNTRY, ii, 579-582;
Journal, 582.

Clark, John Bates, How To REGULATE
TRUSTS, iv, 641-644; Trusts, 644.
Clark, Walter, State Records of North Caro-
lina, ii, 13.

Clark, William, ON THE ROAD TO
OREGON, iii, 381-384.

Clarke, George, Jr., ONE THOUSAND
POUNDS FOR A GOVERNORSHIP, ii, 161–
162.

Clarke, Henry, A PURITAN'S WILL AND
INVENTORY, i, 477-478.

Clarke, James F., Anti-Slavery Days, iv, 9.
Clay, Henry, Works, iii, 11; JUSTIFICATION

OF THE WAR, 417-420; American en-
voy, 427-429; EXPOSITION OF THE MON-
ROE DOCTRINE, 499-501; THE Raleigh
LETTER, 646-649.

Claybourne, William, status, i, 245, 248; hos-
tility, 255, 264; THE QUESTION OF KENT
ISLAND, 257-261; petition, 257; Balti-
more's rejoinder, 259; decision against,

260.

Clayton, John, THE CULTIVATION OF TO-
BACCO, i, 19, 307-310.

Clayton, Victoria Virginia, HOME Life of
A SOUTHERN LADY, iv, 244-247; White
and Black, 247.

Clearing-house loan certificates, iv, 526–528.
Clergy, benefit of, claimed, ii, 192.
Cleveland, C. F., in peace conference, iv,
207.

Cleveland, Grover, A CONDITION, NOT A

THEORY, iv, 518-520.

"Clint," TAKING OF VICKSBURG, iv, 368-
37I.

Clinton, General George, ABANDONMENT
OF NEW YORK, ii, 554-556.

Clinton, Governor George, A GOVERNOR'S
PERQUISITES, ii, 162-164.

Clothing, in England, i, 148-149.

Coalter, J. D., in peace conference, iv, 204.
Cochran, Samuel D., A FUGITIVE CASE,
iii, 630-633.

Coddington, William, charter, i, 401.
Coercion, issue of, ii, 434-453.

Coffee, in Mexico, iii, 492.

Coffin, Charles Carleton, CONTRABANDS,
iv, 408-411; Four Years of Fighting, 411.
Coffin, Levi, ÎN THE UNDERGROUND

RAILROAD, iv, 80-83; Reminiscences, 83.
Colden, Cadwallader, THE FRENCH AND

THE FUR TRADE, ii, 320–324; History of

the Five Nations, 324.

Coleman, Mrs. Chapman, Life of John J.
Crittenden, iv, 210.

Coler, Bird Sim, THE MACHINE AND THE
Boss, iv, 644-646; Municipal Govern-
ment, 646.

Collectanea Adamantæa, i, 532.

Collections of documents, i, 9-10, ii, 11-13,
iii, 7-9, iv, 6-7.

-

Colleges, in England, i, 151; William and
Mary, 310-312; Harvard, 449, 467-472,
498, ii, 266-272; founding of Yale, 11, 255-
258; examinations, 272-275; in New Jer-
sey, beginning of, 288; in 1784, iii, 22-23.
See also Education, Intellectual Life.
Colonies, documents of, as sources, i, 5, ii,
2, 5, 6; sources on, i, 9-15, ii, 14-21; con-
ditions of colonization, i, 145-170; advan-
tages, 152; regulation of, 171-186;
Massachusetts Company's suggestion,
178; administration in England, 184;
emigration to, 187-199; Robinson's ad-
vice to colonists, 187; character of early
Virginians, 206; Baltimore's instructions,
247-252; purposes of colonization, 249;
character in Maryland, 267-271; charter
colonies, ii, 133-137; power of parliament
over charters, 137; relation to mother
country, 138-141; common law, 139; need
of judges from England, 140; militia of,
140; union of, 140; emulation in, 140,
suggestion of stamp duties, 141; distin-
guished from provinces, 141-142; charac-
ter of first settlers, 142; good effect on the
mother country, 142; kinds of population,
142; royal grants, 143; remedies for mis-
government, 149; English law in, 149-
150; legislative power, 151; instructions,
152; executive salaries, 166–169; elections,
171-172; summoning of juries, 188-189;
grand jury charged, 189-191; life in, 224-
243; episcopacy, 289-290, 418-420;
French, 312-326; question of indepen-
dence, 352-353: Albany Plan of Union,
357-360; Grenville's scheme of taxation,

381-382; the Ohio country, 387-391;
rights limited by charters, 394-395; smug-
gling in, 396-397; Stamp Act riot, 397-400;
declaration of rights and grievances, 402-
404; Franklin on the state of, 407-411;
population in 1766, 408; attitude toward
England, 409-411; Townshend's taxation
scheme, 413-415; complaint of acts of
trade, 415-417; troops in, 420-423; "Sons
of Liberty," 420; Dickinson's plea for
moderation, 423-426; statement of griev-
ances, 442-445; Sam Johnson's reply,
445-448; attitude of George III, 451-453;
beginning of the Revolution, 455-457;
mobs in, 458-461; opposition to Britain,
482; change into states, 519-524, 534-
539: American experience, iv, 591-594:
government of Spanish cessions, 593-594,
601-607; conditions, 594-603; Spanish
government of, 595-597: Hoar on, 608-
611. -
See also colonies by name and
Tables of Contents.

Columbia University Library, i, 8.
Columbian Centinel, WAIL of a FEDER-
ALIST ORGAN, iii, 339-343-
Columbian Muse, iii, 203, 296.

Columbus, Christopher, DISCOVERY OF
AMERICA, i, 35-40; mentioned by Alexan-
der VI, 41; THE THIRST FOR GOLD,
44-48; Select Letters, 48; English account
of discovery, 164.
Columbus, Diego, i, 44.

Commerce, importance of, in Boston, iii,
34; Chinese, 55: Spanish, 55; East Indian,
55; amount and variety, 63-65; agricul-
tural exports, 78; under Confederation.
136; Earl of Sheffield on, 163-166; British
restrictions on, 167-170; Hamilton on
regulation, 180; Annapolis Convention
on, 186; effects of War of 1812, 430-433;
before War of 1812, 431; progress in
foreign, 450-452; Interstate Commission,
iv, 521-523. See also Trade.
Commission, a royal, iii, 170-171.
Commissioners of Maryland and Pennsyl-
vania, THE RUNNING OF MASON AND
DIXON'S LINE, ii, 107-109.

Commissioners of the United Colonies of
New England, A TYPICAL INDIAN
TREATY, i, 321-324; PROCEEDINGS OF
THE FIRST AMERICAN FEDERATION,

447-451; A NEW ENGLAND OPINION OF
THE DUTCH, 579-585.
Commissioners to the northern colonies,
report, i, 428-430.

Committee of New York Legislature,

PERILS OF STATE BANKING, iii, 441-445.
Committee of Seven, Study of History in
Schools, iii, 1, 3, iv, I.

"Common Sense," THREATs of Secession,
iv, 159-162.

Commons, House of, THE STATE OF THE
COLONIES, ii, 407-411.

Compacts, among states, iii, 127–128.
Companies for colonization, records, i, 5-
17; Virginia, 172; Plymouth, 175; Council
for New England, 175; Massachusetts,
178. See also colonies by name.
Compensation.-See Salary.
Compromise, of 1850, in Congress, iv, 48-
58; Webster on, 52-55; opposed by
Seward, 56-58; extent of principle, 97,
112; attempts in 1860-1861, 193-195, 204-
210; objections to, 199-203; peace con-
ference, 204-209; Crittenden, 209-210;
futility of attempts at, 238. - See also
Missouri Compromise, Slavery.

Conciliation, opposed by Patrick Henry,
ii, 586-587.

Concord (Mass.), conflict at, ii, 546-550.
Concord (N.H.), Records, ii, 17.
Confederate States, proposed by Alabama,
iv, 188-189; Davis on principles of, 189-
192; reliance on cotton, 192; tax in kind,
226, 249; proceedings in Congress, 240-
243; hopes of foreign recognition, 240;
war policy, 241-243; conscription ex-
emption for large slaveholders, 241-242;
paper money, 247-251; speculation, 248,
252-255; prices, 248-255; financial legis-
lation, 249; barter in, 249-250; scarcity
in, 250-251; Richmond in 1865, 251-255;
criticism of the government, 251-255:
price of gold, 253; friendliness of
Napoleon III, 301-303; development of
war supplies, 319-323; government block-
ade-runners, 323; confidence of success,
371; Lincoln's offer of pardon, 459-460,
exceptions, 460; reëstablishment of state
governments in, by loyal citizens, 460-461,
463; no legal state governments in, 463-
464, 471; a conquered country, 473-474.

--

- See also Army (Confederate), Civil
War, Emancipation, Freedmen, Recon-
struction, Secession, Slavery, South.
Confederation, difficulties in framing Arti-
cles of, ii, 539-543; Maryland refuses to
join, 591-593; completed, 604; in general,
iii, 120-197; revenues, 120-122; public
debt, 121; preferred creditor, 121; inade-
quacy, 125; treatment by states, 126–130;
foreign relations, 127; Jedidiah Morse
on, 131-137; Thomas Paine on, 168;
Hamilton on, 177-182, 246; lack of au-
thority, 181; public opinion, 185–187. -
See also Congress, Revolution.
Confiscation Act, Greeley on, iv, 398.
Congress, First Continental, meeting, ii,
434-439; Adams's estimate, 438.
Congress, Second Continental, THE NE-
CESSITY OF Self-Defence, ii, 442-445:
proceedings, 525-530; debate over inde-
pendence, 537-539; debate over slavery,
539-541; debate over voting, 541-542:
debate over state boundaries, 542-543:
falling-off in character, 543-545; appealed
to by Washington, 560-562; recompense
promised to Steuben, 585.

Congress, Stamp Act, statement of rights
and grievances, ii, 402–404.

Congress of the United States (Confeder-
ation), Journals, ii, 12, 445, iii, 8, 147,
200; Secret Journals, ii, 12, 593, 600, iii,
9; receives Washington's resignation, ii,
627-629; revenues, iii, 132; CHARTER
OF THE FIRST TERRITORIAL COLONY,
143-147; Northwest Ordinance, 154-158;
CALL OF A CONVENTION, 198-200.-
See also Confederation.
Congress of the United States, library, ii,
Io; discussions on tariff, iii, 262-264. 434-
436; on seat of government, 269-272; on
Jay Treaty, 315-319; on Louisiana, 373-
376, 410-414; on War of 1812, 417-420;
on internal improvements, 436-440; on
the Constitution, 536-540, 544-548; on
slavery, 622-625, iv, 142-144; on free
speech, iii, 633-636; on Texas, 652-655; on
Wilmot Proviso, iv, 38-40; on extension
of the Constitution to territories, 40-43:
on compromise of 1850, 48-55, 56-58;
control of slavery in territories, 130-131,
133-135; debate on secession, 169–175.

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