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52. An Experimental Study of the Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure.
53. A Study of the Strength of Columns.

54. Design for a Gas Engine for a Direct-Connected, 40 K. W. Dynamo.
55. Design and Specifications for a 2500-Horse-Power Boiler Plant.
56. Effect on Steam Consumption of Different Methods of Governing a
Compound Engine.

57. Bacterial Diseases of Sugar Beets.

58. Comparison of the Treatment of the Arthurian Legends by Malory, Tennyson, Morris and Swinburne.

59. Child Life as Shown in Riley's "Child World" and Barrie's "Senti

mental Tommy."

60. The Real Worth of the Novel.

61. The Ethics of the Reign of Elizabeth.

62. Design for a 15-Inch Engine Lathe.

63. Tests to Determine the Maximum Boiler Efficiency of Locomotive "Schenectady."

64. Tri-Linear Co-ordinates and Their Application to the Solution of Certain Geometric Problems.

65. Design for a 10-Ton Electric Traveling Crane.

66. An Experimental Study of Automatic Cut-Off and Throttling Governors Affecting the Efficiency of a Compound Engine.

67. The Effect of Variable Armature Inductance Upon the ElectroMotive Force Curves of Alternators.

68. The Electrical Development of a Waterfall.

69. The Curvature of Roots.

The University has had under its care during the past twentyfour years, four thousand four hundred and twenty-five young men and young women. Of its graduates, over eighty per cent. are engaged in pursuits that have a direct bearing upon the public welfare. Those who have gone out from her School of Agriculture have returned to their farms prepared to obtain the highest possible results from their labor by the application of scientific knowledge.

If Purdue had sent out but one graduate into each county in the State, who should disseminate useful information among his neighbors and, above all, who should, by his own example, show them how to secure better agricultural results, this would be worth to the State all that Purdue costs, but it has done far more than this: it has sent out thousands of students who are devoting themselves to the solution of problems of high economic value, and it is now educating annually over seven hundred young men and women, most of whom remain until they graduate.

But numbers do not altogether justify large expenditures of money. Purdue must, after all, be judged by the quality of its

work. Let any one examine its equipment, the personnel of its faculty, the courses of study which it offers, and, if possible, the thoroughness of its work, and judge from these if it does not more than justify its existence.

In its purely educational work, Purdue is willing to be judged by the product which it has sent out.

WORK IN RESEARCH, PUBLICATION AND UNIVERSITY EXTENSION.

Research
Work.

One of the chief characteristics of Purdue University is found in its extensive laboratories, thoroughly equipped with machinery and apparatus corresponding in quality and size with that used in the commercial world.

A large share of our students' time is spent in these laboratories, under the guidance of instructors who have had not only thorough theoretical training, but also more or less practical experience in the technical industries. We are required to furnish such laboratories and to provide such instructors, because the law directs that we shall

"Graduate students into the practical industries of life."

Much of our students' time must be spent in studying fundamental principles and in verifying established truths; but this work is valuable chiefly as a basis for the application of scientific principles to original research, and, since Purdue University is a State institution, it directs the attention of its students, for the most part, to the investigation of problems in which the public is vitally interested.*

In addition to this, its instructors spend a part of their spare time in research work, and in this they are often assisted by the more advanced students. The University is thus enabled to pursue lines of investigation relating to the public welfare, and to publish the results of these in popular form for the benefit of the people of the State.

* For example, we have, as a piece of ordinary laboratory apparatus, a full-sized, highspeed locomotive.

Publications

Pursuing this policy, the University in 1896 began

Concerning the publication of a series of monographs upon sanitary science and foods.

Public

Health and
Food.

Hitherto popular information has been surprisingly limited upon such matters as the maintenance and protection of public health, economy in the purchase and use of foods, and the application of scientific principles to our choice of diet. So important and widespreading are the problems involved in these subjects that the force of the Department and the authorities of the University feel that no higher duty devolves upon them than the dissemination of such knowledge as will aid in their solution. The following publications have been already issued:

SERIES RELATING TO PUBLIC HEALTH AND FOODS.

1. The Nature of Sanitary Science and Its Value
to the State..

...Severance Burrage, B. S.

2. Some Sanitary Aspects of Milk Supplies......

Severance Burrage, B. S.

3. On the Purification of Water Supplies of Cities
and Towns ...

. Severance Burrage, B. S.

4. Typhoid Fever in Indiana. and Its Possible
Connection with Water Supplies. Severance Burrage, B. S.
5. Sewage Disposal in Cities and Towns.....

6. Food Adulteration

Severance Burrage, B. S.
.Percy Norton Evans, Ph. D.

7. State Laws on Food Adulteration, with a Brief

Bibliography ....

..... William Henry Test, M. S.

8. Dietary Studies at Purdue University in 1896...

Winthrop E. Stone, Ph. D.

9. The Carbo-Hydrates of Wheat, Maize, Flour
and Bread

The Action of Enzymic Ferments on Starches
of Different Origin.....

. Winthrop E. Stone, Ph. D.

10. Yeasts and Their Properties.... Katherine E. Golden, M. S. 11. On the Making of Bread.

Investiga

.Katherine E. Golden, M. S.

In order to make our laboratories still more useful

tions Con- to the State, especially in assisting the health officers cerning in combating certain contagious diseases, the followContagious ing circular to the various medical societies has been

Diseases.

issued:

LaFayette, Ind., January 5, 1898. With the establishment of courses of study in Sanitary Science at Purdue University, and the complete equipment of laboratories necessary for the carrying out of such courses, the University authorities are enabled,

in addition to regular work in instruction, to offer the services of these laboratories to the physicians of the State for the diagnosis of tuberculous sputum, and of malarial and typhoid blood, together with other purely bacteriological examinations. These will, for the present, be undertaken and a report thereon made without charge, subject to the conditions named below:

Since it is not our purpose to enter into any commercial enterprise, but rather to perform a public service, it is necessary to limit our efforts to those cases which may possibly have an immediate relation to the public welfare. For this reason it is thought best for the present to operate through official bodies. We shall therefore examine such specimens as may be sent us by physicians with the endorsement of the secretary or president of a local medical organization.

All communications and all material should be addressed to Severance Burrage, S. B., Instructor in Sanitary Science, Purdue University.

JAMES H. SMART,

President Purdue University.

As a result of this circular we have, at the request of physicians in various parts of the State, made a number of most thorough and careful examinations. These have, so far, averaged eleven per month.

It will be observed that these examinations are made only when the cases are of sufficient magnitude to involve the public welfare. It is but just to say also that, while in doing this work Purdue is performing a public service, these examinations afford at the same time the very best possible discipline and practice for our students. Research in One of the most important of our research laboraRailroad tories is found in our Railway Engineering DepartEngineering ment. While much of the work of this laboratory is necessarily of a routine character, yet its facilities are such that the instructors are able to conduct original investigations bearing upon railroad construction and practice. In the possession of a locomotive testing plant, which is not duplicated elsewhere, the Univer sity enjoys unusual facilities for such investigations. No complete outline of this work can be presented here, but its character is well disclosed by a list embracing some of the investigations, which have been of such importance that the results have been published in transactions of scientific societies and other scientific publications, both in this country and in Europe. Such a list is as follows:

1. The Superheating Effect Derived from the Steam Pipe within the Smoke-Box of Locomotives.

2. An Experimental Study of the Action of the Exhaust Jet.

3. The Performance of a Four-Cylinder Compound Locomotive. 4. Tests of a 60,000-Pound Car Axle.

5. An Investigation of Air Currents About a Moving Car or Train of Cars.

6. A Study of the Atmospheric Resistance to the Motion of Railway Trains.

7. An Experimental Study of the Effect of the Counterbalance in Locomotive Drivewheels upon the Pressure between Wheel and Rail.

8. The Effect of High Rates of Combustion upon the Efficiency of Locomotive Boilers.

9. The Performance of Locomotive Schenectady at Different Rates of Speed.

10. The Effect of Changes in Cut-off on Locomotive Performance. 11. The Efficiency of a Locomotive under Different Steam Pressures. 12. The Performance of Locomotive Schenectady under Different Degrees of Throttling.

13. The Effect of Inside Clearance on the Efficiency of a Locomotive. 14. The Effect of Outside Lap on the Efficiency of a Locomotive. 15. Spark Losses From the Stack of a Locomotive.

16. An Experimental Locomotive.

17. Test of the Locomotive at the Laboratory of Purdue University. 18 New Forms of Friction Brakes.

19. An Apparatus for Determining the Form of the Exhaust Jet.

20. Limitations of Speed of Railway Trains.

21. Grate Areas, Rate of Combustion and Heating Surfaces.

22. The Effect Upon the Diagrams of Long Pipe Connections for Steam Engine Indicators.

23. Speed of Rotation for Locomotive Engines.

24. Paper Friction Wheels.

25. The Engineering Research Laboratory in Its Relation to the Public. 26. Tests of Wrought Iron Car Axle.

27. Tests of a Balanced Locomotive.

28. Form of the Exhaust Jet in the Smoke-Box of a Locomotive. 29. Compressed Air in Railroad Shops.

These and other publications have been widely copied and commented upon in technical papers all over the world. During the past five years no fewer than three hundred columns of reprint and comment have appeared in such publications.

Experi- There is still another department of the University, mental Ag- the work of which is of more importance than any I riculture. have mentioned, namely, the Department of Experimental Agriculture.

This department consists of an experimental farm and a series of laboratories equipped at the expense of the United States, known as "The United States Experiment Station," although they are

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