sylvania proposes, for impartial tribunal, 406; the twelfth, 424; one term for President, 428, 429. American Law Journal. Founded, 273. "American system." Clay on, 236; Webster on, 237-238, 240; Dr. Cooper denounces the, 248. Analectic Magazine. Established, 275, 276, note, 286; Irving editor of, 292.
Anderson, John, 396.
Angle. The northwest of Nova Sco- tia, 468 476.
Annapolis, Nova Scotia, 464. Anecdotes of Western frontier life, 156-159.
Anti-democratic movement in
tria, 33; in Naples, 33; in Spain, 33-34; in France, 34; in Germany, 34-35; in Spain, 37-38; in Naples, 39; in Portugal, 39; congresses at Troppau and Laybach, 39; Laybach circular, 39; congresses of Vienna and Verona, 43; France invades Spain, 43-44.
Antimasons. William Morgan, 109; his connection with D. C. Miller, 109-110; kidnapped, 111-112; excite- ment over it, 113-114; rise of Anti- masonic party, 114-116; Warsaw Convention, 116; Utica Convention, 118; Legislature investigates, 119; Utica Convention nominates Gran- ger and Crary, 120; LeRoy Conven- tion, 120. Anti-protectionists.
Arguments of, 233, 234, 242-243; "South Carolina Exposition," 263-267. Antislavery. Leaders, 209-212; press, 209-212; literature, 212; societies, 213; work of Friends in North Carolina, 214; in other States, 214; slavery in the District of Colum- bia, 220-221; petition for abolition of slavery and slave-trade in Dis- trict of Columbia, 222–226.
Appeal from the judgments of Great Britain," An. Controversy over, 326-337.
Appointment. The Council of, in New York, 384, 388.
Appointment of members of Congress to office, 526, note; Jackson on, 496-498.
Argall, Samuel, 464. Arnold, Benedict, 404.
Association for the Protection of In- dustry and Promotion of National Education, 100, 103. Association of Working People, 105. Astoria, 18, 25, 478.
Asylums. Deaf and Dumb, 365. Aury, Don Luis. Heads rebellion in Mexico, 5, 6.
Austin, Moses. Sketch of, 7, 8. Austin, Stephen. Land grant, 8; at- tempt to colonize Texas, 8-9; trou- bles in Mexico delay his work, 9- 12; begins his colony, 12. Austria. Emperor of, one of the Holy Allies, 31; centre of revolu- tlonary movement, 33; at Troppau. 39; at Laybach, 39: crushes liberal movement in Naples, 40. Authors. Compensation of, 303, 304.
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Char- tered, 144; description of, 146.
Bancroft, George, 301. Bank of the United States. tions in South Carolina Legislature on, 263; resolutions of Ohio against, 413; replies of other States, 413. Banks. In New York city, 123; wild- cat, in the West, 160-161. Barataria. The Pirates of, 5, 7. Barbour, James. Appointed Secre- tary of War, 433.
Bargain and corruption.
against Adams and Clay by Kre- mer, 78-79, 489-513.
Barge. The safety of barges on the Hudson, 130-131. Barlow, Joel, 284. Barradas, Isidore.
Commands Span- ish expedition against Mexico, 542. Barry, William T., Postmaster-Gen- eral. Appointed by Jackson, 527. Batavia-Morgan affair, 109-112. Bell, Samuel, Senator. Delegate to Harrisburg Convention, 250. Bell's Weekly Messenger. On Mon- roe Doctrine, 50.
Benton, Thomas H. Speech on occu- pation of the Columbia, 24-27; land bill, 173, 174; on Panama Congress, 449; favors purchase of Texas, 543. Berrien, J. McP. On Panama Con- gress, 447-449; appointed Attorney- General, 520.
Beverley, Carter. Letter on Clay- Adams bargain, 504–508.
Bible. First American editions, 281, notes; action of Congress relative to, 282, 283, note.
Bills of Rights. In early Constitu- tions, 375.
Biography. Works of, 306. Blackwood's Magazine. Criticism of the United States, 324, 325, 340, 341.
"Blifil and Black George," 500. Boatmen on the Mississippi, 167-168. Boats. Description of safety barge, 130-131; of canal packet, 133-135; on the Ohio, 152; Mississippi, 166.
Bolivar, Simon. Attempts to form a union of South American republics, 433, 434.
Books. For young women, 277, 278: for children, 278; political literature, 278, 279; English books imported or reprinted, 280-283; first American editions of the Bible, 280-283, note; new school of fiction, 283; novels of C. B. Brown, 283, 284, note; stand- ard American works, 284; Irving's Knickerbocker "History of New York," 291, 292; "Sketch Book," "Life of Columbus," 293; Mar- shall's Life of Washington," 293, 294, note; Temple Franklin's "Life of Franklin," 293-296; Franklin's works, 296, 297; Cooper's first nov- el, Precaution," 297, 298; "The Spy," its success, 298, 299; "The Leatherstocking Tales," 299, 300; "The Pilot," 300; English praise
of, 309; contemporary writings, 301; poetry and prose works of Bryant, 301-303; compensation of authors, 303, 304; Sparks's writings of Wash- ington, and other works, 305, 306; history and biography, 306. Books, Text-.
Used in Massachusetts
schools, 346. Booksellers, 280.
Boston, Magazines of. Number, 269; titles of, 271, 273, 274; religious journals, 274, note: The North American Review, 276, 277. Boston Recorder and Telegraph, 274. Boundary. The Alaskan, 20-23. Boundary. The Southwest. Van Bu- ren's instructions to Poinsett rela- tive to, 542, 543; Administration papers advocate purchase of Texas, 543-545; arguments of annexation- ists, 545-547; arguments of oppo- nents, 547, 548; opposition of Mex- ico to sale of Texas, 551-554; nego- tiations abandoned, 554; question at issue, 459, 460; attempt to pur- chase Texas from Mexico fails, 460, 461; Jackson's futile attempt to re- open the question, 461-463. The Northeast. Early history, 463; de- termination of the St. Croix, 463- 467; question of "the highlands," 467-473; award of the King of the Netherlands, 473; resistance of Maine and Massachusetts, 473-476; further negotiations unsuccessful, 476, 477. The Northwest. Question reopened, 477-479; joint occupation continued, 479.
Boycott. On Kentucky produce, 257, 259; on tariffied" articles, 259; on Northern goods, 259; by Geor- gia, 262.
Branch, John. Appointed Secretary of the Navy, 520.
Brant. Charged with complicity in Morgan affair, 114. Bravo, 12.
Breadstuffs. Export of, to Great Britain in 1817, in 1826, 246. Brearley, Chief-Justice, 396.
Bristed, John. Resources of the United States, 319, 325. British Colonies. Trade relations with, 483-487.
British criticism. Early indifference to, 307; new views of, 308, 309; magazine warfare begun, 309; ar- ticle in Quarterly Review, 309-312; incited by Macon's report, 310; de- picts character of the American people, 311, 312; reply by Paulding, 312; reply by Dwight, 313; new ac- counts by travellers, 313-315; com- ments of the Quarterly Review, 315, 316; opinion of Franklin and Fulton, 316, 317; Sydney Smith, in Edinburgh Review, 317-319; Fear- on's "Narrative of a Journey," 320-321; Quarterly Review on life in the United States, 321-324; Blackwood's Magazine on lack of education, 324, 325; British Review on lack of literature, 325, 326; Walsh's Appeal' controversy continued, 326-337; Sydney Smith, new article, 328-330; Everett's re- ply, 335-337; Gifford's attack, 338, 339; other articles, 340–342.
Cabin. Western log cabins, 153. Cabinet. Origin of, under Washing- ton, 422, 423; under Jefferson, 425; Adams's, 433; Jackson's, 520, 521; McLean resigns Postmaster-Gener- alship, 527; is succeeded by Wil- liam T. Barry, 527. Calhoun, John C. Named for Presi- dent, 56, 60; for Vice-President, 67, 69; elected Vice-President, 75; vote of, defeats tariff bill, 1827, 242; prepares the " South Carolina Ex- position," 263-267; vote for, in 1828, 517, 520.
California. Russian settlements in, 18. Canals. The Erie, 83; Erie opened, 132; celebration of, 132-133; jour- ney to Buffalo by, 133-134; canal boat described, 134-135; travel on Erie, 135-136; effect of, 136; other canals begun, 136-137; Pennsyl- vania canals, 141-143. Canning, 26; proposals as to Euro- pean intervention, 44; his proposal to Rush, 44; remonstrates against South Carolina Negro Seaman Act, 201.
Carbonari. In Naples, 39.
Carey, Matthew. Delegate to Har- risburg Convention, 250. Castlereagh, Lord. On the slave- trade, 14; proposal to the United States, 15; death of, 43. Catholics. Polls open to, 379. Caucus. South Carolina nominates Calhoun, 60; Georgia on congres- sional, 60; Tennessee on, 60, 61; other States on congressional, 61- 62; Virginia on, 62-63; Pennsyl- vania on, 63; nomination of Craw- ford and Gallatin, 64; address of, 64-65; Ohio caucus nominates Adams, 66.
Champlain. In Nova Scotia, 464. Charity schools. In New York, 355- 356; in New Jersey, 357; in Penn- sylvania, 359, 362; in Maryland, 362-363. Charleston. rection, 199-200. Charleston Mercury. Letter in, on secession, 259; on nullification, 261. Charleston, South Carolina, Chamber of Commerce on tariff, 1824, 243- 244; excitement over tariff of 1828,
Projected slave insur-
255; dinner to McDuffy, toasts at, 258; magazines at, 271. Charters of early railroads. By New Jersey, 138; by Pennsylvania to Stevens, 139-140; Columbia, Lancas- ter, and Philadelphia, 142; Mohawk and Hudson, 143; Granite Railway Company, Massachusetts, 143; five by Pennsylvania, 144; Baltimore and Ohio, 144; Chesterfield, Vir- ginia, 145; South Carolina, 144, 145. Chase, Samuel, 402.
Cherokee Indians. Trouble with Georgia, 175-178, 537-540. Chesebro, N. G. Morgan kidnapper, 111, 113.
Child, Lydia M., 301. Children.
Books and literature for,
Chisholm vs. Georgia, 402.
Christian Advocate. The circulation of, 274.
Christian Register, The. Founded, 274. Chronicle, The London Morning, on Monroe Doctrine, 48-49.
Church and State. Separation of, 379, 380.
Circuit rider, 159–160.
Circulation of magazines and news- papers, 274.
Cities. Population of, 1825, 82; Al- bany, 132, 133.
Clay, Henry. Efforts in behalf of South American Republics, 41-42; resolution offered on Monroe Doc- trine, 51-52; instructions to Poin- sett on Monroe Doctrine, 53-54; nominated for President, 66; in- dorsed, 68; declines coalition with Crawford, 69-70; contest over, in New York Legislature, 72-73; vote for, 74, 75, 76; attitude toward Jackson, 77-78; Kremer charges him with bargain and corruption, 78-79; Speaker of eighteenth Con- gress, 231; speech on tariff bill of 1824, 234-237; reply of Webster, 237-240; attempt to mediate be- tween Spain and South America, 434-440; attack in the House on Clay's "American system, .. 453- 455; negotiations with Mexico over boundary, 460, 461; charge of rupt bargain," 489-494; reply, 494, 495; popularity of, 496; duel with Randolph, 500; charges made in Congress, 500, 501; Jackson counte- nances charges, 497, 498; makes new charges, 505, 506, 507; denial, 506, 507; action of Tennessee, 508, 509; Clay's pamphlet, 509, 510; ac- tion of New York, 510, 511; action of Kentucky, 512, 513.
Clearings on the frontier, 154. Clinton, De Witt. Nominated for President, 66; removed from Canal Commission, 71; elected Governor, 72; opens Erie Canal, 132-133. Clinton, Governor George. Message on schools, 352, 354. Coahuila, Mexican state of. Texas joined to, 12.
Coal. Anthracite, discovery of, 127; early attempts to market, 129; in- troduced into New York and Phila- delphia, 129-130.
Cohens vs. Virginia. Action of Vir ginia relative to, 414.
Coles, Edward, 189; attacks slavery, 189-190; struggle with slavery in Illinois, 190-191.
Colleton District, South Carolina. On the tariff, 245.
Colonies. British North American and West Indian. Commercial war, 484-487.
Colonies. The Spanish-American. Revolt, 35; Spain seeks European aid against, 36; Monroe on dangers, 36-37; attempt to recognize inde- pendence of, 41-42; European in- tervention in affairs of, 44-45; Mon- roe and Jefferson on, 45-46. Colonization. The Monroe Doctrine as to, 46, note. Colonization. American Society for Colonization of Free Blacks, 193; work of, 193-194; seeks aid of Con- gress, 206; Georgia on, 206-207; State aid, 208; views of the States on, 204.
Columbia College, 353. Columbia, District of.
Fugitive slave laws, 219; slave-trade, 220-222; abo- lition of trade asked, 222; before Congress, 223, 226.
Columbia river. Occupation of, 18, 23-27.
Columbia Telegraph. Proposes legis- lative exclusion of northern prod- ucts, 256, 257.
Commerce. Commercial war with British colonies, 483-487.
Committees of Safety. In the Revo- lution, 373, 374.
Community of Equality, The, 93,
Exposition," 265, 266.
Comstock, Russell. Early labor re- former, 101–102.
Congresses. At Aix-la-Chapelle, 35, 36; of Troppau, 39, of Laybach, 39, 43; Vienna and Verona, 43. Congress, Continental. Advice to the States, 374.
Congress, Members of. Appoint- ments to office, 526, note. Congress. Power of, over tariff, State resolutions, 1828, 253, 254. Congress, Provincial. In the Revolu- tion, 373, 374.
Congress. Seventeenth Congress, first session. P. P. Barbour chosen Speaker. Opposed to protection, 231; House of Representatives hostile to protection, 231.
Seventeenth Congress, second ses- sion. Monroe's message favors pro- tection, but no bill passed, 231.
Eighteenth Congress, first ses- sion. Clay again Speaker, 231; House of Representatives organ- ized favorable to a protective tariff, 231; Monroe's message again favors protective tariff, 231; bill reported In the House, 231, 232; petitions and memorials, pro andcon, 1824, 232, 233; discussion in the House, 233-240; Hamilton's speech against, 234; Clay's speech in favor, 234- 237; Webster's reply, 237-240; divi- sion of country over the bill, 240; vote and passage of bill, 240; bill
to restrict power of Federal courts, 416.
Nineteenth Congress, first ses- sion. Senate passes anti-third- term resolution, 429; debates in Senate over the Panama Congress, 441-450; in the House, 450-459.
Nineteenth Congress, second ses- sion. Memorials for increase of duty on woollens, 241, 242; new bill, 242, note; defeated in Senate, 1827, 242.
Twentieth Congress, first session. Committee on Manufactures of House, 251; memorial of Harris- burg Convention in, 251; tariff and anti-tariff memorials, 251-254; "the tariff of abominations," 254, 255.
Twentieth Congress, second ses- sion. Report of Committee on Slave-trade in District of Columbia, 226; anti-tariff protests of South Carolina, Alabama, and Georgia, 267; debate over value of Oregon, 479-483.
Congressmen. Appointed to office, and the Presidents from Washing- ton to Jackson, 526, note.
Connecticut. School system of, 348- 351; the colonial period, 348, 349; the Western Reserve and the school fund, 349-351; services of James Hillhouse, 350; decline of, 351; grant to, for asylums, 364; charter of, retained, 375; attempts to amend, 381, 382; constitution of 1818, 382, 383; message of Gover- nor Trumbull, 407; resolutions of, relative to militia, 408; proposed amendment limiting duration embargo, 430, 431. Conscience. Liberty of, 377, 379, 380, 390-392; in Massachusetts, 390; in New Jersey, Delaware, and North Carolina, 391. Conscript bill. 412. Constitution of the United States. Constitutional powers of Congress over tariff, 233, 234, 243; memorial of the Charleston Chamber of Com- merce, 244, 245; Dr. Cooper's reso- lutions, 249; resolutions of George- town, 249; report of Legislature of North Carolina, 252; State rights report of South Carolina, 1828, 252, 253; resolutions of Georgia, 1828, 253; of Alabama, 253, 254; of Ohio and New Jersey, 254; address of anti-tariff meeting, 256; message of Governor of South Carolina, 262; resolutions introduced in Legisla- ture, 262, 263; South Carolina Ex- position, 263-267; resolutions of South Carolina, Alabama, and Geor- gla, 267; eleventh amendment, 402; the Force Act and the Constitution, 407; New England and the militia clause of, 407, 408: clause of, admis- sion of States, 408-411. Constitutions, State. The early, 374- 378; bills of rights, 375; representa- tion, 375, 376, note; suffrage, 376, 277; powers of Executive, 377, 378; gradual abolition of religious and property qualifications, 379, 380; new ideas in, 1810-20, 380, 381; new constitution of New York, 383-
Resistance to, 411,
388; amendments, Massachusetts convention, 1820, 388-390; Rhode Island, 1824, 390; New York suf- frage amendment, 1826, 392; new constitution of Virginia, 392, 393; changes of half a century, 393, 394. Convention. New York, 384; Massa- chusetts, 388; Rhode Island, 390; Virginia, 392; Hartford, called by Massachusetts, 412; amendments proposed by, 428, 429; character and cause of, 431, 432; Harrisburg, call for, 246, 247; response to call, 247, 249; membership of, 249, 250; address and memorial of, 250, 251; resolutions of Alabama on, 253; anti-tariff, proposed, 257, 258; State Convention in South Carolina pro- posed, 262, 263; Federal Convention to amend proposed, 263; "South Carolina Exposition "relative to a,
Convention. Canal, at Harrisburg, 142.
Conventions, Provincial. In the Rev- olution, 373, 374.
Conventions. With Russia as to Alaska, 22-23; Nootka Sound, 479. Cooper, James Fenimore. Early life, 297, 298; first novel, "Precau- tion," 298; The Spy," its success, 298, 299; Leatherstocking Tales," 299, 300; "The Pilot," 300; Eng- lish praise of, 300. Cooper, Dr. Thomas.
Speech at Co- lumbia against tariff, 247-249; fa- vors disunion, 260. Cordova. Treaty of, 10. Cotton. Rise of cotton planting, 168-169; export, 169; decline in price, 169; effect of, 170; effect of invention of cotton gin, 227, 228; increased demand for, 227; yield in 1791, 1800, 1811, 1821, 227; export of, 228; slavery and, 228; market for, 242, 243; Hayne declares cotton trade threatened, 244; Harrisburg Convention recommends increase in tariff on cotton goods, 251. Cotton mills. In New England, 229; in Middle States, 230; increase of, after tariff of 1824, 240. Council of Appointment, New York. Patronage of, 384, 388.
Council of Revision, New York, 378, 380, note; abolition of, 384, 385, 388. Courier, The London. On Monroe Doctrine, 48.
Court. Judges' tenure, 393. Court. Supreme Court. "South Carolina Exposition on power of, 266; early decisions on unconstitu- tional acts, 402, note; Pennsylvania defies the, Gideon Olmsted case, 403-406; State acts declared uncon- stitutional, 1809-'24, 412, note, 413, note; Virginia denies jurisdiction of, 414; Kentucky occupying claim- ant laws, 415; bill to restrict power of, over State laws, 416; Bank of Kentucky case, 416; opposition against, in Kentucky, 416, 417; de- nial of jurisdiction of, frequent,
Courts, Circuit. Opinion of, uncon- stitutional act, 401, 402.
Courts. The old court and the new
court struggle in Kentucky, 162- 166.
Crary, John. Antimasonic candidate, 120.
Crawford, William H. Nominated for President, 60; by caucus, 64; support in various States, 66, 68; in New York, 70-73; electoral vote for, 75, 76; vote in House of Repre- sentatives for, 81.
Creeks. Trouble with Georgia over their lands, 178-183, 539, 540. Criticism. British, on the United States, 307-342.
Cuba. America fears transfer to Great Britain, 434 436; Adams's letter to our Minister at Madrid, 435, 436; fear of South American intervention in, 434, 436, 437; Clay's attempt to mediate, 437; letter to our Minister at Madrid, 437; Ad- ministration announces our attitude relative to Cuba, to Europe, 437- 440; French fleet appears off Cuba, 439; Clay protests to France, 440; liberation of slaves of, proposed, 443; opposition of pro-slavery party, 445, 449.
Denmark, 13.
Dennie, Joseph, 276.
Depression, Industrial, 235, 238-241, 246-247.
Dickerson, Senator, from New Jersey. Views on Oregon country, 24. Diplomatic correspondence of the Revolution, 305.
Disunion, Threats of. By South, 234; speech of James Hamilton, 244; speech of Dr. Thomas Cooper, 248, 249; report of Legislature of North Carolina, 251, 252; address of a South Carolina anti-tariff meeting, 256; a Georgia paper's suggestion, 257, 258; letter in Charleston Mer- cury, 259; speech of Governor of South Carolina against, 259, 260; union sentiment, 260; disunion sen- timent, 261; Josiah Quincy's speech, 409-411.
Drake's "Culprit Fay," 301. Drayton, William. Opposition to protective tariff, 243.
Dress. Reform in, at New Har- mony, 95.
Dryden, John. Works reprinted, 280. Duane, James, 282, note.
Duane, William. Editor of the Au- гога, 523.
Dudley Island, 467.
Duel. The Clay-Randolph, 500. Duelling. Virginia constitution rela- tive to, 393.
Duffield, Rev. Dr., and first Amerl- can Bible in English, 281-283. Dutch manors, 383.
Duty on wool, 242, note. Dwight, Timothy. Poems, 284; reply to British criticism, 312, 313.
Eaton, J. H. Appointed Secretary of War, 520.
Edinburgh Review. Sydney Smith's criticism of the United States, 317- 319; reply to Walsh, 328–331. Editors. Appointment of, to office, 523, 530-531.
Education. English view of, in the United States, 323-325. Education, Free. Demand of work- ing-men for, 100, 101, 104; condi- tion of, in 1825, 343; in Massachu- setts, 343-348; in Connecticut, 348- 351; School Fund, 349-351; in Rhode Island, 351-352; in New York, 352- 356; in New Jersey, 356-357; in Delaware, 357; in Pennsylvania, 357-362; in Maryland, 362-363; con- gressional aid to 363-364; Mary- land's plea for, 364-366; in Vir- ginia, 366; in North Carolina, 366- 368; in South Carolina, 368; in the Northwest, 369-372.
Election, Presidential. Of 1796 and 1800, 423, 424; of 1824, 65-81; of 1828, 489-520.
Electoral system, Presidential. Work of convention, 419-421; in practice, 423, 424; twelfth amendment, 424. Electors of President. How chosen in Connecticut, 65, 66; in New Jer- sey, 66; in Ohio, 66-69; in New York, 70; in Pennsylvania, 67; in North Carolina, 68; in Mississippi, 68; in Ohio, 69; in Alabama, 69; in Virginia, 69; in Pennsylvania, 69; in New York, 70-73. See table, 75; campaign, 1828, 513-514. Emancipator, The, 209.
Embargo. Opposition to the, 411. Embree, Elihu, 209, 210.
Emigrants. Landing at New York city, 124.
Emigration. English discouragement of, 321, 323, 324. English literature.
Entailment of estates. Abolished in New York, 378; in Northwest Ter- ritory, 378.
Equal rights, 99, 100, 101, 105-106. Escoces. Mexican political party,
Europe. Our relations with, Wash- ington on, 29; Jefferson on, 30; anti- democratic movement in Austria, Naples, Spain, 33-34; Napoleon re- turns from Elba, 34; liberalism in Germany, 35-36; Congress of Aix, 35-36; Spanish revolution, 37-38; in Naples, 38-39; in Portugal, 39; Congress of Troppau, 39; of Lay- bach, 39.
Everett, Alexander H. Minister to Madrid, 437; instructions to, 435- 437.
Everett, E. Reply to British criti- cism, 335-337. Executive, Federal. Council pro- posed in Federal Convention, 418, 419; single executive adopted, 419;
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