ARTICLE X. TEACHERS' QUALIFICATIONS, CERTIFICATES AND CONTRACTS. Section 265. Superintendent to determine teachers' qualifications. 266. Qualified teacher. 267. State certificates. 268. Examination for state certificates. 269. College graduates' certificate. 270. Endorsement of foreign diplomas and certificates. 271. Temporary licenses. 272. Normal school diploma. 273. Instruction of teachers in universities and colleges. 274. Other certificates. 275. Special qualifications. 276. Revocation of teachers' authority. 277. Additional grounds of revocation. 278. Notice of revocation. 279. Teachers' contracts. 280. Limitations on agreement. 281. Teachers' wages; when payable. 282. When wages not a district charge. 283. Teachers' record of attendance. 284. Dismissal of teacher. [General note.— This article contains what is intended to be a complete revision of the law relating to teachers' qualifications, certificates, and contracts. The jurisdiction of the superintend ent is declared in the first section, and it is believed that he should have exclusive supervision of this subject. As the head of the department of public instruction he is responsible for the conduct of the schools and for the qualifications of teachers selected therefor. His jurisdiction and supervision as to the. qualifications of teachers and granting licenses to teach should be absolute and exclusive. The subject of certificates has been rewritten, and an effort has been made to make a more complete classification thereof. The authority conferred by normal graduate certificates has been enlarged and a new provision inserted in relation to the education of teachers in universities and colleges.] § 265. Superintendent to determine teachers' qualifications. -The superintendent has exclusive jurisdiction to determine the qualifications of teachers in the public schools. The merit and fitness of candidates shall be ascertained so far as practicable by examinations, which, so far as practicable, shall be competitive. The superintendent shall prescribe rules relating to exami nations and certificates or other authority to teach. [New.] § 266. Qualified teacher.- A qualified teacher is one who holds the certificate, diploma or license authorized by this article, and which has not been revoked or annulled. [Con. School Law, tit. VII, part of § 38, as amended by L. 1896, chap. 264, rewritten without intended change, except the limitation as to the age of persons who may be qualified to teach is included in § 275 of revision.] (Page 45, § 38.) § 267. State certificates. The superintendent may grant a certificate of qualification to teach. Such certificate shall be known as a state certificate. It entitles the holder thereof to teach in any public school without further examination or requirement. [Con. School Law, tit. I, part of § 10, rewritten without intended change.] (Page 7, § 10.) § 268. Examination for state certificates.-A state certificate can be granted only after an examination of the applicant. The superintendent shall determine the time, place and manner of such examination, and may designate persons to conduct the same and report the result to him. An examination for a state certificate shall be held at least once in each year, and public notice thereof shall be given by the superintendent. [Con. School Law, tit. I, part of § 10, rewritten without intended change.] (Page 7, § 10.) § 269. College graduates' certificate.- The superintendent may grant a certificate to a graduate of a registered college or university who has had three years' experience as a teacher, authorizing him to teach in such schools and for such time, not exceeding ten years, as may be fixed therein. Such certificate is known as a college graduate's certificate. Such a certificate may be renewed from time to time by the superintendent. [Con. School Law, tit. I, part of § 10, rewritten without intended change, except that we prescribe the time a college graduate's certificate is to continue in force subject to the power of the superintendent to revoke the same. (Page 7, § 10.) § 270. Endorsement of foreign diplomas and certificates.-The superintendent may endorse: 1. A diploma issued by a state normal school in another state; 2. A certificate issued by a state superintendent of public instruction or state board of education in another state. Such endorsement confers on the holder of such diploma or certificate the privileges conferred by law on the holder of a normal school diploma or state certificate issued in this state. [Con. School Law, tit. I, part of § 10, rewritten without intended change.] (Page 7, § 10.) § 271. Temporary licenses.-The superintendent may issue a temporary license to teach for a period not exceeding six months, limited to a particular school or commissioner district. [Con. School Law, tit. I, part of § 10, rewritten without intended change.] (Page 7, § 10.) § 272. Normal school diploma.-A diploma granted by a state normal school, when signed by the superintendent, the chairman and secretary of the local board, and the principal of the school, entitles the holder thereof to teach in the public schools, without further examination. [L. 1866, chap. 466, § 6, rewritten without intended change.] (Page 141, § 6.) § 273. Instruction of teachers in universities and colleges. If a university or college in this state maintains an education department or teachers' training class, and the course and period of instruction therein are approved by the state superintendent, he shall, after satisfactory examination under his direction, issue to every graduate of such department or class a certificate of qualification to teach in any public school, valid for a period of three years; and after a holder thereof shall have had three years' successful experience in teaching, the superintendent may grant to 'him a certificate which shall entitle him to teach in any public school without further examination or requirement. The super intendent may at any time visit and inspect such education department or training class. [New.] § 274. Other certificates.-The superintendent may also provide other certificates, to be issued to teachers after such examination, on such conditions, and for such time not exceeding five years, as he may prescribe. Such certificates may be classified by grades or by schools or otherwise. [New.] § 275. Special qualifications.- Power to grant authority to teach is subject to the following limitations: 1. A person cannot be authorized to teach in the public schools who is under eighteen years of age; or 2. Who has not passed a satisfactory examination in physiology and hygiene, with special reference to the effects of alcoholic drinks and stimulants upon the human system. 3. In a city authorized to employ a superintendent of schools, a person shall not be employed or licensed to teach in the primary or grammar schools who has not: a. Completed a four years' course in and graduated from a high school, academy or other institution of learining of equal or higher rank having a course of study, approved by the state superintendent, and subsequent to such graduation graduated from a |