mestic Reform League this year. The League has also conducted investigations in regard to conditions in household labor.

Investigations have been a great part of the work of the Educational and Industrial Union. It has the attitude of a student as well as a helper. A recent bill before the House directed against the evils of instalment buying was proposed there from the Union and its successful passage will save hard earned wages from the pockets of unscrupulous instalment merchants. Old age insurance and its status in New Zealand and on the Continent, though known here only in Illinois, is being studied by the Union's agents. Many an institution has profited by, if it has not owed its initial impulse to, the investigations of this union of woman. Through such efforts, the Massachusetts Association for Promoting the Interests of the Adult Blind was formed and the industrial experiment station for the blind begun at Cambridge. A School of Housekeeping, since merged in the Home Economics department of Simmons, was an interesting part of the Union's achievements. An inter-municipal committee on household research now takes its place and in connection with committees from New York and Philadelphia studies household work conditions and acts as a clearing house for the many institutions which affect the household. From so much study given to the problems of women and from its practical and progressive activities, the Union has built its place as a Social Experiment station.

To many an out-of-towner, the chief significance of the Women's Education and Industrial Union is

a nice luncheon so far have the fame of its restaurant and food salesroom flown. Among the many branches of the Union's activities, however, the lunch room occupies a worthy place because it is the only department which really pays.

So confident were the women organizers of the worth of their enterprise, so confirmed in this belief by visible results day by day, that they gave themselves to it freely for years. There were no paid workers in the beginning and there is on record such service as that of a Hospitality Committee which had members in attendance daily at the Union for twenty-seven years. There is still the same generosity of service from women who are heart and mind with the Union cause, but the growth of the enterprise has necessarily made a business of it with business positions. The Union numbers three thousand members and is conducted today by a governing body of one hundred women, employing one hundred and twenty paid workers and doing a yearly business of $169,000. Notwithstanding this amount, there is a yearly deficit of $4,000 to $5,000 "from departments which represent a represent a constant outgo without appreciable income or from experiments undertaken by the Union as one of its most important functions." This yearly excess of expenditures over receipts is likely to continue while the Union continues its philanthropies and is as yearly met by the Union's friends.

When Dr. Harriet Clisby was called to England, Mrs. Abby Morton Diaz succeeded her in the presidency and served for a number of years, until 1892. Since that time, Mrs. Mary Morton Kehew has been

president. Dr. Clisby and Mary F. Eastman are honorary vice-presidents. Among the vice-presidents proper are Mrs. Kate Gannett Wells, Miss Lucia M. Peabody and Miss Sarah L. Arnold. On the plan of the Boston Union, like institutions have been established in other large cities. The Union was started in the days when the club movement for women was just beginning, in the days before the great impulse of civic organizations and settlements, when positions for women were few. "With the courage born of youth and inexperience, the Union took upon itself to minister to these three classes of needs a non-resident settlement, a woman's exchange and a woman's club." From its purpose framed years ago, expressed differently down the years yet intrinsically never changing, the Union stands to-day in a social and industial strength which is particularly modern.

The Fathers' and Mothers' Club is an organization short in history but large in heart. As the title shows, men are included though they are as yet few in number. Their purpose is to befriend and mother the children of the poor who know little enough of the love and confidence of family life. Or their aim may be expressed in President Roosevelt's words: "All questions of social life will solve themselves if children are brought up to be the highest they are capable of being." While the society conducts a regufar club program in the winter with its interest centering in all that touches childhood in home, school, state or legislation, it accomplishes many a piece of practical work of friendliness with children and efforts

in their behalf. This past winter it has maintained a trained nurse in the Wells district of the Boston schools in pursuance of the New York system of school nurses. It has established mothers' clubs also in the poorer sections. But the prettiest part of the work and the one most like mothering is the two weeks' long outing at the summer cottage, given to a dozen or so children at a time. Besides the vacation pleasure gained, the discipline and home training in courtesy and the affection of the family life brings out the best qualities of the urchins, and when they are back again in the city many of them keep coming to the confidence of their vacation mothers. Mrs. Mary Pamela Rice is the president of this club, Prof. James B. Taylor, the vice-president and Mrs. Charles C. Bailey, secretary.

Among the many movements of women in Boston, there are three, each of which forms itself along one line and that only and stands out sharply as a great enterprisethe Suffrage League, Civil Service Reform and Consumers' League. Though the Woman's Suffrage movement is credited with beginning in New Jersey in 1776, if it ever had a beginning, this one city. can claim to be the home of a great many women leaders in the movement-Lucy Stone, Mary Livermore, Mrs. Howe and many others, and served as the national headquarters from '69 to '89. The Woman's Journal, published by Henry B. Blackwell and Alice Stone Blackwell, half a dozen clubs, among them the Boston Equal Suffrage League for Good Government of which Mrs. Quincy A. Shaw is president, and the College Equal

Suffrage League with Mrs. Charles Park as president, further and maintain the ideals so warmly championed by their famous advocates in Boston thirty and forty years ago.

Much younger than the Suffrage League is the Woman's Auxiliary of the Massachusetts Civil Service Reform Association which has twice. distributed thirty thousand pamphlets to the public schools and seen to it that one lesson was given to the children on this subject. Its representation of the merit system was so simply and well written that Germany and Japan have made. translations of the pamphlet for use in their countries. Such tribute from abroad and efforts to influence legislation at home have crowned. the work of the association for this year. Mrs. Richard C. Cabot is the president.

The Consumers' League of Massachusetts is a branch of the national organization second in size only to the New York branch and is in communication, also, with several similar organizations in foreign countries. The officers and committees do the active work of the League, its investigations, free addresses and exhibitions of labelled goods. The large body of members support the association's aim by buying such goods and at such places as are authorized by the League or bear the League's label. The ncreasing list of membership yearly bears witness to the increasing interest in this practical stand of the shopper against such such industrial evils as the sweatshop.

The committee on industrial legislation upholds hearings at the State House and in conference with many representatives from charities and societies considers industrial

subjects and their legislation. There has recently been inaugurated a committee on ladies' tailors, which keeps a constantly corrected list of tailors who do not send their work out to sweat shops. Such a committee shows the tendency of the League to increase the influence of the conscientious shopper. Miss Elizabeth H. Houghton of Cambridge is the president of the League. Many men are among its members and officers.

Among the many clubs which are prominent are the Daughters of the Revolution, the Daughters of Vermont, the Abbot Academy Club, the Boston Business League, the New England Women's Press Association. Two societies of women for whom the word club has not the women's sense of improvement but rather the man's club meaning. of sociability are the Mayflower and College Clubs. Both have handsomely and comfortably appointed clubhouses. The College Club on Commonwealth avenue has rooms for its members to use permanently or in passing through the city, an excellent cuisine and holds many receptions for its friends among prominent people. Since the College Club has moved from its rooms in the Grundmann studios to its own home, the membership has bounded to eight hundred members. The Mayflower Club on Park street looks out from its breakfast room upon the Common and from its parlors in the rear upon the peaceful inclosure of the Park street churchvard. The club occupies several floors, offers all conveniences to its members when downtown, and rooms where the out-of-town members often stay over night.

The Boston branch of the Asso

ciation of Collegiate Alumnae interests itself in the day's questions and problems. It is a body especially representative of education for women, numbering many college professors, college graduates in the professions or active in philanthropy. To better follow out the plans of the national body of the same name, its work is united with the State Board of Statistics and with committees from the Woman's Education Association and from the Women's Educational and Industrial Union. Investigations and collecting of statistics have been conducted in this manner and the way opened for the college alumnae to improve poor conditions, either by timely assistance or by interesting other people. Under committees on education, home economics, social service and fellowships, the aim is to make educational training of practical advantage to the community. Radcliffe, Wellesley and Boston University graduates are in in large majority in the association. Mrs. Ellen H. Richards of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has lately succeeded Miss Caroline J. Cook as president. Mrs. Rachel T. Fitz is vice-president.

The Boston branch of the Council of Jewish Women is a very active club, first organized for further knowledge of Jewish history, religion and literature, but nowadays largely interested in social work. and particularly in helping children. An education committee gives its time its time to public school work. A probation officer daily visits the courts to assist the young Jewish delinquents. The members support three mission schools for the children of the Jewish school and make good citizens of their

proteges. Mrs. Julius Andrews. serves as the president of the branch.

There are many clubs of working girls in the city in different localities which, in company with like clubs from adjacent cities and towns, meet as a federation of clubs at the Educational and Industrial Union several times a year. Miss Edith M. Howes is the federation president.

Not the least courageous of the women's organizations in the city are civic clubs in districts which are certainly most discouragingWarrenton, Hanover and Tyler streets. Club women from up town have organized these clubs, which in their turn have appointed committees on clean streets, on visiting the schools in their neighborhood and on window gardens. Their aim. is civic welfare. The officers of these bodies are of many nationalities whom club interests have not only brought together but into harmonious work side by side.

Boston is the centre of the Massachusetts State Federation of Women's Clubs and their activities in the person of their president, Miss Helen A. Whittier. The Federation Bulletin, as the official organ of the general federation of women's clubs throughout the country and of the state federation of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut and New York, contains their official reports and is devoted as well to the sociological and educational problems which interest women to-day. Miss Helen M. Winslow, the editor and publisher of the Official Registry and Directory of Women's Clubs in America and a writer of note on women's clubs is a Boston club woman.

Τ

HE house stood far back from the street. It was of the plain, substantial type, built three-quarters of a century ago, when houses were not erected in a day. The steps leading to the front door were of stone and low and easy of ascent, and on either side were tall pillars supporting the roof of the porch. On the right was a narrow balcony, overgrown with purple clematis which showed through its broad leaves the iron framework of the railing. At the left was a wing, and here on the porch and broad stone steps the young people were wont to gather of an evening and sing college songs. The clematis. grew here also, and on either side tall ferns reached up after the climbing vine. The walk stretched in a semi-circular path to the two gates, enclosing in its curve a broad grass plot where not a weed dared to raise its head under the watchful eye of the gardener.

Among the many trees in the yard, stood two elms, one at the left, rising tall and stately above the house, its trunk covered with clinging ivy; the other by the road, directly in front, with branches drooping almost to the ground. were the guardians of the place, the centenarians who held the rule.

They

Back of the house, shale paths led gently down a decline to a garden where by circuitous ways one wandered into unexpected nooks and tiny summer-houses. A rose-garden,

surrounded by a hedge, stood in the centre; over the top even before one entered, one could see the roses nodding. nodding. Here was a bed of portulaca, there one of pansies, around the tall protecting hedge the leaves of the lilies-of-the-valley grew. Cutleaf birches and tall apple trees made a grateful shade and the wind sounded through the evergreens even on the hottest day.

Further on was the asparagus bed, now tall and feathery and full of wondrous places for the game of Hide-and-Seek. The vegetable garden was to the left,-potatoes and corn and tomatoes, the red of these and of the currants, whose bushes surrounded the garden, giving color to the scene. A fairy-land for children, a trysting-place for youths and maidens, a garden sweet with saddest memories for the old.

But the woman upstairs was not thinking now of the garden. A card had been brought to her and she had read the name with a tremor she could not control.

"I will be down directly," she said; and her voice, as she answered the maid, seemed distant and full of strange tones. She sat still for a moment after the maid had gone, looking at the card. Why had he come? It had been many years since she had seen him. How would it be to see this man again? The joy of it-or was it the pain?-made her catch her breath.

They had grown up together, he