many as six thousand colonies, producing a total yearly of 200,000 pounds of honey, probably the largest in the world. Mr. Reeve considers the great value of bee keeping to be the possibility it offers of pursuit as an industry in itself or as an adjunct to every farm and village home. "I have seen it thus an addition to a small vineyard in a country town, each vine shading and protecting a single colony of the bees and yielding vastly more than the vines. A farmer of my acquaintance has half a hundred colonies which occupy a quiet corner of a small orchard. The farm contains fifty acres, an acre of each stand of bees, and my friend tells me that the bees pay more net profit than all the farm besides." Two million eight hundred thousand colonies of bees in the United States, yielding 6,200,000 pounds of honey a year, sounds rather large, but Mr. Reeve thinks that in our economy of food production it is entirely too small, affording something less than a pound of honey a year for each person in the country. "It is all wrong," he says, "that so wholesome an article should be such a rarity and regarded as a luxury rather than as a thing for general It is not so much the price as the scarcity of it in the markets that makes it seem like a luxury."

use.

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LADIES' HOME JOURNAL.

HE August Ladies' Home Journal, like most of the popular periodicals, is devoted almost entirely to fiction. Among its stories the most noticeable is Bret Harte's "The Indiscretion of Elsbeth."

Rev. Charles H. Parkhurst contributes some chapters of advice to young men on "Selecting a Career," a matter which he places next in importance to the selection of a wife. He warns his young readers against any hurry in actually settling down to their life work. He thinks it a great deal wiser to drift, "trying almost anything that offers as a temporary arrangement, than to make up one's mind finally and irretrievably on an employment which may possibly be a misfit and that will involve, therefore, a certain amount of failure."

ADVICE TO YOUNG AUTHORS.

Under the heading "A Successful Author's Advice" a letter is printed from the late Constance Fenimore Woolson to a young friend who inquires about the inner methods of literary success. At the time Miss Woolson wrote this letter there were only two firms of publishers who paid their contributors on the acceptance of the manuscripts, Messrs. Harper and Appleton. Of course this is very different now. It is of some interest to see how a magazine writer in America figured out her income. Suppose you get into Harper's, the Galaxy, the Atlantic, Scribner's, Lippincott's and Appleton's once each year, you will then have, supposing your article to be of good length, $450; if you are fortunate enough to get in twice you then have $900, but you see there is no certainty about it. Some years I have run up to $2,000, but I have been particularly fortunate. As I have property enough to live in a quiet way without the writing, you see I can afford to let things take their course and not press my manuscripts on the editors. If I were you I should not give up my position as teacher, but I would take my leisure time for writing and commence to send out manuscripts. At first don't send out long ones; about five magazine pages is a tempting length to the editors, who are overburdened with long manuscripts. Don't be discouraged if one comes back declined; send it right out to some one else and keep doing it. The editors don't know who you are, and they don't care."

MUNSEY'S MAGAZINE.

IN the August Munsey's Miss Isabel F. Hapgood writes of "Tolstoy as He Is,"-a very readable article, illustrated with a few really beautiful pictures. One of the interesting things brought out by Miss Hapgood is that the Count has learned to ride a bicycle. Inasmuch as Count Tolstoy divided all his possessions three years ago among his family, Miss Hapgood considers it per tinent to ask, "Where did he get his money to buy a bicycle last year? And how does he reconcile such a mode of locomotion with his theories about having and doing nothing which the peasants cannot have and do? Somebody-probably one of his children-must have given him the wheel; and the fact that his own legs still have to do the work may perhaps reconcile it with his conscience." Miss Hapgood, who really knows what she is speaking of from personal observation, has always been alive to the Count's curious inconsistencies. She says, however, that despite these, "the man is sincere. Though he certainly does not live like the peasants, he does live with charming simplicity in the country, as our illustrations show. Repin, the celebrated artist, the best of all Russian painters, has depicted him in his severely plain study, at his country house, in linen blouse and heavy shoes, seated on a packing box covered with a sack of plaited linden bark. His frieze coat, bast shoes, spade, saw and scythe hang against the whitewashed walls."

An editorial writer in Munsey's thinks that there is new and important life in the Zionite movement for the return of the Jews to their ancient home in Palestine. "This movement is backed by the influence of the Rothschilds and other great Jewish families and societies, and as we see its stirrings in every country we can believe that it only requires a great popular leader to make it one of the important movements in history. That it is not purely religious but racial is proven by the co-operation of Rabinowitz, the Christian Jew who be came so well known here during the World's Fair Congress."

Carolyn Halsted holds up to the envy of the new woman "A Generation of Woman Authors." She thinks that in view of Louise Chandler Moulton, Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, Mrs. Stowe, Grace Greenwood, Julia Ward Howe and others, the more aggressive forms of progress are not necessary for the emancipation of feminine genius.

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THE FORUM.

HE Forum for July is a well-varied and valuable number, in which American public questions are given a foremost piace. We have selected Paul LeroyBeaulieu's article on "The Presidential Outlook as Europeans View It," Dr. Francis G. Peabody's on "Substitutes for the Saloon," and Professor M. L. D'Ooge's on the quarter centennial of President Angell, for more extended notice in our department of "Leading Articles."

W. E. RUSSELL ON THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY.

The number opens with an article by the Hon. William E. Russell of Massachusetts entitled "Jefferson and His Party To-day." Mr. Russell eulogizes Jefferson as a great statesman whose "work was fundamental, national, establishing equality, liberty, creating a great republic, enlarging its territory, and making it supreme over a continent and respected everywhere. He founded a great party as the necessary instrument to accomplish

large purposes and the permanent power to maintain and enforce undying principles." Mr. Russell's article was written to be read before the Democratic clans gathered at Chicago. Its unstinted praise of the Democratic party, as "the broad, national people's party, which knows no South or North, or East or West, but only a whole nation," was written and published at a time when Mr. Russell could not have been in much doubt as to the nature of the platform which his party would adopt at Chicago. After some pages of rather unqualified praise of what Jefferson would find the Democratic party to be to-day if he were alive, Mr. Russell proceeds in a paragraph to declare that "free coinage of silver, or its compulsory purchase, or any compromise legislation by us in that direction, in my judgment, is distinctly class legislation, which would unsettle business, impair credit, reduce all savings and the value of all wages, and whose injurious results no man can measure. I have misunderstood the teaching of Jefferson and the traditions and principles of his party if they do not support this view and sustain a Democratic administration in its resolute enforcement of it. With Jefferson truth never lay in compromise of principle, nor success in evasion of responsibility. Nor will they with us. Let Democrats leave compromise and expediency to the Republican party, which is ever ready to trim and evade, to harmonize its warring factions. Let us, if need be, through discussion and agitation, find the truth, bravely assert it, and trust our cause to the conscience and patriotism of the people."

President Eliot of Harvard College was one of the speakers at the arbitration conference held several months ago in Washington. His remarks are printed as an article in this number of the Forum, and are chiefly devoted to a denunciation of "jingoism." Dr. Eliot tells us that he is "obliged in honesty to confess that among the worst offenders in this respect are to be found several eminent graduates of Harvard University."

IN PRAISE OF THE PRESIDENT.

Mr. George W. Green writes upon President Cleveland's second administration, his very extended article being a summing up of the principal events of the past three years in terms of praise and thankfulness for the President's doings, especially in the matter of the bond issues and the management of the national finances. Mr. Green thinks Secretary Gresham made a slight error of judgment when he tried to restore the Hawaiian Queen, and that Secretary Olney was too much of a lawyer and too little of a diplomat in his correspondence with England over the Venezuela affair; but in general Mr. Green has the highest praise for the foreign policy of the Cleveland administration.

THE BARON DE HIRSH'S BENEFACTIONS. The Hon. Oscar S. Straus adds another interesting study of the late Baron de Hirsch to the numerous ones which have already appeared in other periodicals. What Mr. Straus tells us of the amount of the charitable gifts of Baron de Hirsch is very interesting:

"It is, of course, impossible to give a complete list of Baron de Hirsch's benefactions, but the following are probably the best known: Jewish Colonization Association, $10,000,000; De Hirsch trust for the United States, $2,500,000; trust fund for education in Galicia, $5,000,000; fund for assistance of tradesmen in Vienna and Buda-Pesth, $1,455,000; fund for the Hungarian poor, $1,455,000; turf winnings during 1891-4, distributed for charitable purposes, $500,000; gift to the Empress of

Russia for charitable purposes during Russo-Turkish war, $200,000; gifts in 1893 to London hospitals and other charities, $200,000; gifts to Alliance Israélite Universelle, $400,000; proceeds of the sale of his son's racing stud, distributed among charities, $60,000. These alone amount to the enormous sum of nearly $22,000,000.”

MR. ROOSEVELT AS HISTORIAN.

Mr. Roosevelt is the author of eight volumes of history and historical biography, and his plans contemplate still other volumes in the field of American history. Professor W. P. Trent of the University of the South, whose literary judgments are always careful, discriminating and just, reviews Mr. Roosevelt's work as a historian, and declares that Mr. Roosevelt is "one of the most thoughtful, conscientious and illuminating historians of our national career that we have yet produced." Mr. Roosevelt's experiences as a ranchman and sportsman in the far West, and the very buoyancy of his patriotism, have in Mr. Trent's opirion given him a peculiarly valuable insight into the motives and character of the men who built up our Western States, and have added a very welcome flavor to "The Winning of the West," four volumes of which have now appeared.

OTHER ARTICLES.

The Rev. Dr. C. C. Tiffany, an Episcopal clergyman of New York, adds one more to the innumerable throng of articles about Purcell's Life of Cardinal Manning. Dr. Tiffany's is in some respects the clearest analysis of the great Cardinal's character that any reviewer of Mr. Purcell has given us.

Professor Goldwin Smith, in an essay which does not lend itself well to quotation and which should be read as a whole, discusses the question, "Is There Another Life?" "The evidences of a future life, Sir, are sufficient,' was Boswell's remark to Johnson. 'I could wish for more, Sir" was Johnson's reply." Professor Goldwin Smith evidently feels with Dr. Johnson that the satisfying evidences are lacking. His article is apropos of the appearance of the Rev. Dr. Salmond's work entitled "The Christian Doctrine of Immortality.'

Gen. Jules von Verdy du Vernois, now retired from the Prussian military service, writes upon Moltke and his generalship, illustrating Moltke's methods by an explanation of the preparations made by the great strategist in advance for the war with France, and by his practical conduct of that memorable campaign.

ment or representative body, while on the other hand it is shown that the position of England in the Orient is much endangered by Russia's constant accumulation of territory and strength in the direction of India, and by her recent success in gaining a moral ascendency over the governments of Turkey and China. The article is pessimistic and disquieting.

The Rev. Dr. Francis E. Clark, president of the United Society of Christian Endeavor, always brings home from his foreign travels some interesting notes and observations upon national traits and international amenities. His latest experiences in England and Australasia have supplied him with a fund of incidents, upon which he draws for a paper entitled "Some International Delusions." He concludes that "English arrogance and American spread-eagleism and Australian provincialism would each receive a deadly blow if the great branches of the English race but knew each other better, and these extraordinary international delusions would take to themselves wings and fly away."

IRRIGATION AGAIN.

Mr. William E. Smythe, who has written many articles for many periodicals upon the possibilities of developing the arid portions of the great West by means of irrigation, writes again upon that subject; and in the light of present facts and conditions his paper is of practical value. He pleads for a national irrigation commission which shall deal broadly with all phases of the question how to proceed in order to utilize the irrigable land.

His Eminence Cardinal Gibbons presents a pleasant and discursive paper on "The Teacher's Duty to the Pupil," and Mr. John Gilmer Speed writes instructively in defense of privacy as against the unrestrained disposition of the sensational press to invade those spheres of life in which the individual has a right to demand that he be "let alone." Mr. Roland B. Mahany in a brief paper expands the suggestion that "sound money is the safeguard of labor."

OTHER ARTICLES.

Max O'Rell writes a witty article on "Petticoat Government," which, being in that gentleman's usual style, is distinctly feline. O'Rell makes awful faces at the "new woman," and all women in England and America who are in any wise interested in social, moral, religious, or political movements for human progress are hideous in his eyes, while all women who care for none of those things are lovely. Of all the hateful and disfiguring things to be found on this planet, total abstinence is the most hateful and disfiguring in the opinion of this Frenchman, and the temperance woman is even more abominable to him than the suffragist. Mrs. Harriet Prescott Spofford and Mrs. Margaret Bottome are given two or three pages apiece in which to answer O'Rell's sputtering. These ladies, who write with dignity, calmness, and refinement, are only to be criticised in that they have deemed O'Rell worth their while,

In the department of "Notes and Comments," Mr. F. L. Oswald writes upon destructive storms, Mr. W. D. McCrackan points out the relatively unimportant position of the president of the Swiss Confederation, and Mr. H. T. Newcomb insists upon the necessity of limiting railway competition, while Mr. H. C. ChatfieldTaylor tells us that American diplomats in Europe should be better paid and better trained.

The opening article of the number is a sketch of Judge Henry Clay Caldwell of the United States Circuit Court, by J. B. Follett. Judge Caldwell has won com mendation for his decisions on questions involving the relations of capital and labor.

Prof. Frank Parsons continues his exposition of the evils of the present system of telegraph monopoly under which we suffer, and cites abundant testimony to prove his case.

The editor, Mr. B. O. Flower, sketches the personalities of three leading champions of free silver coinage, Mr. Wm. P. St. John of New York City, Jay Cooke, and Justice Walter Clark of North Carolina.

Mr. Flower also contributes an interesting article on Simon Pokagon, chief of the Pottawatomie Indians.

"Are We Becoming a Homeless Nation?" is the title of an article by John O. Yeiser which attempts to show that the practice of mortgaging farms in the West is making the people landless. He takes his statistics from the records of mortgage indebtedness in Nebraska counties and from the United States census investigation.

"Of the 206,820 families in Nebraska only 66,071 occupy their own farms or homes clear of encumbrance, while 82,291 families rent the farms or homes which they occupy. There are not only 82,291 families who rent the farms or homes they occupy, but also 58,458 more families who are listed as owners of the farms and homes they occupy that should be considered as tenants because the farms or homes they occupy are mortgaged. Whoever is obligated to pay tribute upon his home is a tenant, whether the receipts for such payments are dignified by the amount of money they acknowledge to have been paid as "interest' or whether it plainly recites for rent.'

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"Grouping the last two classes together as tenant families and the number of individuals represented in the 140,749 tenant families of this state aggregates 720,834 homeless persons whom it will be reasonably safe to designate as our landless population. And yet that is not all, because of the 66,071 families who occupy and own their own farms or homes clear of encumbrance, only one member, or usually the head of the house, owns the farm or home, and the rest depending upon him are homeless and landless, living upon the land of relatives by their sufferance-even the wife's dower interest or part of it never attaches until after her husband's death. On account of this extra number of landless people we may add 227,208 more to the homeless class, making the total landless population of Nebraska 993,042, as against 66,071, the number of the other class."

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THE POLITICO-ECONOMIC JOURNALS.

OT less than six reviews devoted exclusively to political and social discussion and edited by university professors are now issued regularly in the United States. These quarterly and bi-monthly periodicals are constantly contributing to the literatures of those departments of knowledge which they were founded to foster. The current quarter's output in the form of solid and well-considered articles on public questions of present interest and importance is especially large, as is evidenced in our departments of "Leading Articles of the Month."

In the Political Science Quarterly (Columbia University), Mr. H. T. Newcomb gives an admirable résumé of what has been accomplished in federal railway regulation under the Interstate Commerce law, which has now been in operation nine years. Mr. Edward Cary of the New York Times reviews the past twenty-five years of American party politics in relation to finance, concluding that within that period the currency has not been a controlling issue in any national election, that on the whole the "inflation" vote in Congress has suffered a decrease, and that all signs now point to the defeat of the party which favors "inflation." Prof. Frank Fetter of the University of Indiana discusses the function and maintenance of the gold reserve, suggesting measures for rendering its preservation less difficult than at present. We have already quoted from Professor Clark's article on "Free Coinage and Prosperity." Prof. Herbert L. Osgood publishes the first of a series of papers on "The Corporation as a Form of Colonial Government," and Prof. Munroe Smith continues his studies of "Four German Jurists" (Bruns, Windscheid, Jhering, Gneist). Professor Ashley of Harvard reviews Frederic Seebohm's recent work on "The Tribal System in Wales."

The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science contains articles on "The Principles of Sociology," by Lester F. Ward; "The Fusion of Political Parties," by D. S. Remsen; "Pennsylvania Paper Currency," by C. W. Macfarlane, and "Railroad Pooling," by M. A. Knapp.

The May number of the Yale Review (the last at hand) has several timely articles. From Dr. Gould's "Economics of Improved Housing" we have quoted in another department. Mr. Louis R. Ehrich writes on the political situation in Colorado, asserting that the state has already taken "the gold cure." Mr. James B. Reynolds of the New York University Settlement contributes a very instructive discussion of "The Commercial Relations of the Poor." There is editorial comment on the subjects of political science in the schools, sociology and the servant girl, and the sugar bounty cases.

From the American Journal of Sociology (bi-monthly, University of Chicago) we have selected Prof. Jesse Macy's letter on Swiss politics and Prof. Marion Talbot's article of "Sanitation and Sociology" for quotation in our department of "Leading Articles." An interesting account of "Profit Sharing at Ivorydale" is furnished by I. W. Howerth. Frédéric Passy writes on "The Peace Movement in Europe."

The Journal of Political Economy, also of the University of Chicago and published quarterly, contains articles on "Credit Devices and the Quantity Theory," by H. Parker Willis; Factory Legislation in Italy," by Romolo Broglio d'Ajano; Subjective and Exchange Value," by Henry W. Stuart, and "Transportation on the Great Lakes," by George Tunell (see our "Leading Articles of the Month ").

The Harvard Quarterly Journal of Economics opens with an exhaustive paper on "The Beginnings of Town Life in the Middle Ages," by Prof. W. J. Ashley. Mr. Frederick R. Clow offers some "Suggestions for the Study of Municipal Finance," and Mr. C. M. Walsh contributes a rather savage review of W. A. Shaw's "History of Currency." We have quoted elsewhere from Mr. North's article on industrial arbitration.

Gunton's Magazine.

Among the few monthlies given up to politics and social science Gunton's Magazine has an important

place. It is a free lance among the reviews, unencumbered by any burden of academic dignity, and it often pays its respects to the university quarterlies with a certain directness and force of expression which the quarterlies hardly venture to imitate. Its choice of subjects is capital; themes of immediate practical interest predominate. The July number reviews the Republican convention, investigates the economic effects of tipping, describes a tour through the ready-made clothing shops of New York City, discusses the state ownership of railroads and the present depression among farmers, gives an account of land taxation in Japan, and treats a number of other timely topics from its peculiar point of view.

American Magazine of Civics. Noteworthy articles appearing in the American Magazine of Civics are Dr. W. G. Puddefoot's reply to the question, "Is the Foreigner a Menace to the Nation?" Belva Lockwood's account of the arbitration conference at Washington, Miss Alice Woodbridge's "Woman's View of the Industrial Problem," Clarence S. Palmer's plea for "Municipal Home Rule," and Adeline Knapp's account of the woman suffrage campaign in California, which she asserts is far from being as one-sided as eager advocates of suffrage for women have wished to believe.

EDUCATIONAL JOURNALS.

HE Educational Review is not issued in July or
August. The June number contains important

articles on college entrance requirements in science, by Ralph S. Tarr; on college organization and government, by President Charles F. Thwing; on the possible improvement of rural schools, by James H. Blodgett; on evolutionary psychology and education, by H. M. Stanley, and on the work of the London School Board, by T. J. Macnamara.

The School Review, the leading journal of secondary education, is published at the University of Chicago and makes an attractive appearance. Its June number contains the preliminary report of the committee appointed by the National Educational Association on the subject of college entrance requirements, together with an account of the method of appointment, membership, and purposes of the committee and portraits of the members. The magazine is very creditable to its editors.

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COSMOPOLIS.

N Cosmopolis we have fiction by Mr. Zangwill, a short story by Paul Bourget and a dramatic piece by Madame Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach. Lady Blennerhassett writes in German on "The Ethics of the Modern Romance." Madame Jessie White Mario defends the action of Italy during the Franco-German war, maintaining the attitude of the Italians was always the same.

Victor Emmanuel was willing to support France against Germany if France would allow him to take Rome; if not, not. Mr. and Mrs. Pennell give the first chapter of their history of lithography. It is entitled "The Cellini of Lithography," and is a description of the struggles and triumph of Aloys Senefelder. One of the most interesting articles in the Review is the collection of letters from the famous Russian novelist Tourgenieff to Madame Pauline Viadort, to Gustave Faubert and to Madame Commanville. Mr. Norman writes the English chronique under the title of "The Globe and the Island."

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THE CORNHILL MAGAZINE. E have to congratulate Mr. St. Loe Strachey upon the brilliant success he has achieved in bringing out the first number of the new series of the Cornhill Magazine. The Cornhill in its time has had many vicissitudes. It was the first magazine to achieve a great popularity, as many as 124,000 copies of the first number being sold; nor is it surprising, considering the fact that Thackeray edited it, and gathered around it so brilliant a staff of artists and writers. Among the contributors for the year 1850 were Tennyson, Ruskin, Lockyer, Mrs. Browning, Swinburne, Lord Lytton and

MR. J. ST. LOE STRACHEY.

Adelaide Procter. Among the other contributors were Washington Irving, Sir John Herschell, G. H. Lewis, Matthew Arnold, Fitz James Stephen, Harriet Martineau, and Anthony Trollope. Several years later the Cornhill renewed its youth by coming out at sixpence under the editorship of Mr. James Payn. It has now accomplished another rejuvenation by taking Mr. St. Loe Strachey as editor, and has reverted to the price of one shilling, at which it was published under Thackeray. It has been enlarged and improved. The July number is capital from every point of view, with an up-to-date air about it which gives the best promise for the success of the new editor.

THACKERAY AS AN EDITOR.

Mrs. Ritchie contributes the first article, in which she utilizes fragments from the volume of correspondence which poured into her father's hands during the two years that he first edited the Cornhill.

"It was in the spring of 1862 that my father ceased to be editor of The Cornhill Magazine, although he went on writing for its columns to the end. After his death 'Denis Duval' was published, with a note and introduction. It was not till after my father had resigned the editorship in 1862 that George Eliot and Mrs. Gaskell joined the ranks of The Cornhill. Romola' was brought out in the July number of the same year, 1862, and Mrs.

Gaskell's novel of Wives and Daughters' followed in 1864. Later on came Meredith and Hardy, and some of Mrs. Oliphant's finest work. Honored hands had been at work for The Cornhill during all these years! Leighton's drawings for ' Romola' are well known. Besides Lord Leighton's illustrations to Romola,' some of Richard Doyle's delightful cartoons had appeared there. Sir John Millais had been making striking designs for Trollope's stories, and Frederick Walker illustrating the 'Story of Elizabeth,' which story was published under my father's editorship."

Mrs. Ritchie speaks with enthusiasm of the publishers of the Cornhill. In fact everything relating to the magazine appears to her in a rose colored light.

AN ARTICLE BY MR. GOLDWIN SMITH.

Mr. Goldwin Smith contributes a brief article on "Burke." It is too short to enable him to deal adequately with the theme, but one or two sentences may be quoted as iudicating the line taken by Mr. Smith.

"As a whole, the 'Reflections on the French Revolution,' considering the fearful gravity of the crisis and the dangerous character of the passions to which the appeal was addressed, can hardly be regarded otherwise than as a literary crime. The general view of the subject is not only inadequate, but false."

Speaking of Burke's association with Fox, Mr. Smith touches upon the question of the connection between private morality and politics.

"Fox's character had been formed at the gambling table, and Napoleon was right in saying that he would never, if he could help it, employ a gambler. The recklessness of the gambling table was brought by Fox into the arena of public life. We are asked whether we would have refused to accept a good measure from Mirabeau because he was a debauchee. We would not refuse to accept a good measure from Satan, but we have a' shrewd though old-fashioned suspicion that Satan's private character would appear in his public conduct, as that of Mirabeau unquestionably did."

REINDEERS FOR SCOTLAND.

There is an excellent article on "Animal Helpers and Servers," by Mr. C. J. Cornish, in which he describes many services animals have been trained to render to men. He suggests that the large Chow dog from Northern China might form the basis of a new breed of cart dogs for minor traffic. They are immensely strong in the shoulder and have far greater pulling power than any of the breeds that in Holland and Belgium are used for drawing carts. Mr. Cornish also suggests that the reindeer might be introduced with advantage as a draught animal in the Highlands. He says:

"The only animal which can travel at speed over heather and bog is the reindeer. Comparing his experience of the powers of draught of the reindeer on the 'trundra' of the Arctic coast with the performance of ponies on the Scotch moors, Mr. A. Trevor-Battye declares that the former are in every way superior for the ordinary draught work at a Scotch shooting-lodge. They can travel at speed over the roughest heather, will swim or flounder over the wettest bog, still drawing their sledge, and would convey shooting parties, dead game or provisions to and from the most distant and difficult ground at a speed of from ten to twelve miles an hour. The experiment of breeding young reindeer has already succeeded at Woburn Abbey, and before long some trial teams will be working in the Highlands."