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TABLE XX.-CAUSES, ETC., OF LOCKOUTS, BY YEARS -Concluded.

Cause or object.

1899.

Against demand for holiday.

Against employees forming union.

Against fines assessed by union and to compel employees to sign agreement to work only for members of masters' association Against members of certain unions....

Against threatened strike for increase of wages..

Against threatened strike for increase of wages and to compel employees to sign yearly contract as to wages, not to strike, ete Against threatened strike to compel employers to sign annual agreement..

Against union men..

Against union men and union rules

To compel adoption of agreement to work 12 hours per day.

To compel employees to use material from nonunion establishment. To compel employees to withdraw from one labor organization and join another.

To compel employees to withdraw from union.

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To compel miners to accept company's weight..
To compel miners to reopen abandoned veins..

1

2

To compel strikers in other establishments to relinquish demands..

To compel strikers to relinquish demands...

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42

To enforce reduction of hours to comply with State 8-hour law and consequent reduction of wages...

To enforce reduction of wages..

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03.01

To enforce rule to reduce force during slack season instead of alternating work among all employees..

Total....

1900.

3

1

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Against employees working for contractors not members of masters' association....

15

Against threatened strike

Against threatened strike for adoption of union scale.

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1

1

15

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Against threatened strike for increase of wages..

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Against threatened strike for increase of wages and reduction of hours

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To compel employees to do night work at same rate as day work.
To compel employees to relinquish demand for back shops and to
sign agreement not to strike during the year....

To compel employees to sign agreement not to join union.
To compel employees to stop paying assistance to strikers in another
establishment..

To compel employees to wear uniform

76

5

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30

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To compel employees to withdraw from Building Trades Council
and to enforce rules of Building Contractors' Council.
To compel employees to withdraw from union..

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To compel strikers in other establishments to relinquish demands
To enforce change in apprenticeship rules..

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To enforce payment of fines levied by Building Trades Council
To enforce privilege of having sheet-metal workers do metallic-
lathers' work

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To enforce rule requiring employees to remove all clothing for inspection before and after work

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To enforce rule requiring plasterers to work for members of masters' association only

8

To enforce rules of masters' union and against members of certain labor organizations.

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a Not including 1 establishment in which lockout was still pending March 1, 1901.

TABLE XXI.-CAUSES, ETC., OF LOCKOUTS, BY INDUSTRIES.
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.

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To compel employees to operate machinery.

To compel strikers in other establishments to relinquish demands..

43

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22

14

2

18

To compel union men to allow nonunion men to operate machines...
To enforce change in apprenticeship rules

1

1

To enforce change in method of doing work and open-shop system..
To enforce discharge of employees

1

1

To enforce reduction of wages..
To enforce rules

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Against demand for adoption of new scale and discharge of nonunion employees....

Against demand for adoption of union rules

Against demand for adoption of union rules and union scale.
Against demand for discharge of nonunion employees..

Against members of certain union

Against threatened strike to compel employers to sign annual agree

ment..

Against union men

Against union men and union rules.

To compel employees to use material from nonunion establishment.

To compel employees to work on boycotted material

To compel union to raise boycott against certain firms.

To discipline employees for being absent without leave..

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BUILDING TRADES.

Against demand for adoption of union scale

Against demand for holiday.

Against demand for discharge of nonunion employees and increase of wages

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Against demand for increase of wages..

177

86

84

Against demand for payment of wages retained to pay for damages done to property through carelessness..

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a Not including 121 establishments in which lockout was still pending December 31, 1886.

LAB 1901-45

TABLE XXI.—CAUSES, ETC., OF LOCKOUTS, BY INDUSTRIES--Continued. BUILDING TRADES-Concluded.

Cause or object.

Establishments.

Sue

Succeeded.]

cceded Failed. partly.

Against employees leaving work before close of working hours on
pay day.
Against employees working for contractors not members of masters'
association.

Against fines assessed by union and to compel employees to sign
agreement to work only for members of masters' association..
Against fines assessed by union for alleged violation of agreement
Against members of certain union

Against refusal of employees to use material furnished by establish-
ment whose employees were on strike...

Against threatened strike against employment of nonunion men....
Against threatened strike for increase of wages.
Against threatened strike for reduction of hours.

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Against threatened strike for reduction of hours and uniform scale..
Against union men

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Against union men and union rules.

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To compel employees to do night work at same rate as day work.
To compel employees to join certain union

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To compel employees to sign agreement to work only for members of Iron League and change union rules

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To compel employees to sign agreement to work only for members of masters' association..

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To compel employees to withdraw from Building Trades Council and to enforce rules of Building Contractors' Council

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To compel employees to withdraw from one labor organization and join another

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To compel strikers in other establishments to relinquish demands.. To compel strikers in other establishments to relinquish demands and to break up labor unions.

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To compel union men to work with nonunion men

To compel union men to work with nonunion men and to enforce increase of hours..

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To enforce modification of union rules as to right of employees to work with tools

To enforce payment of fines levied by Building Trades Council.
To enforce privilege of having sheet-metal workers do metallic-
lathers' work.

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To enforce rules requiring plasterers to work for members of masters' association only.

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Against threatened strike for increase of wages and reinstatement of discharged employees

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a Not including 121 establishments in which lockout was still pending December 31, 1886.

TABLE XXI.-CAUSES, ETC., OF LOCKOUTS, BY INDUSTRIES-Continued.

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To compel adoption of proposed agreement.

To compel adoption of proposed scale,

To compel buttonhole makers to join Boss Tailors' Union

To compel deposit as security against striking without notice

To compel employees to buy machines and return finished work to another part of city..

To compel employees to leave one labor organization and join

another

To compel employees to pay shop rent

To compel employees to relinquish demand for back shops and to sign agreement not to strike during the year.

To compel employees to withdraw from union.

To compel strikers in other establishments to relinquish demands
To compel union to declare strike off..

To compel union to raise boycott....

To compel women to do men's work

To discipline employees for being absent without leave..

To enforce abolition of Saturday half holiday and force employees

to work Sundays and overtime

To enforce change from day to piece work

31

31

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29

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30

34

385

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37

37

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To enforce change in method of doing work.

1

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To enforce reduction of wages and against demand for reduction of hours.....

17

23

13

24

1

5

382

382

1

1

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To compel acceptance of company's weight and signing of proposed contract..

To compel employees to leave union and join stock company.

1

1

2

2

1

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b Not including 1 establishment in which lockout was still pending March 1, 1901.

TABLE XXI.-CAUSES, ETC., OF LOCKOUTS, BY INDUSTRIES-Continued.

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To compel strikers in other establishments to relinquish demands.
To discipline employees for being absent without leave

To enforce reduction of wages..

To resist strike against obnoxious foreman in another establishment.

Total.

DOMESTIC SERVICE.

2

1

1

2

1

1

124217823

129217320

51

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Against demand for adoption of union rules and union scale..
Against demand for adoption of union scale

Against demand for discharge of members of another labor organization...

Against demand for increase of wages..

Against threatened strike for increase of wages and reduction of hours

Against union men

Total.....

FOOD PREPARATIONS.

Against demand for increase of wages.

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Against members of certain unions.

Against threatened strike for discharge of foreman..

Against threatened strike for increase of wages and reduction of hours

Against threatened strike for increase of wages and to compel employees to sign yearly contract as to wages, not to strike, etc

Against union men

To compel adoption of agreement to work 12 hours per day

To compel employees to raise boycott.

To compel strikers in other establishments to relinquish demands.

To compel union to raise boycott

To compel union to raise boycott against certain firms..

To enforce increase of hours..

To enforce reduction of wages..

Total.....

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