, 1910

, Vol. V.,

tected them in this cloudiest part of Europe, and blondness actually helped to conserve the body temperature by the laws of radiation of heat. Big men had the advantage in this hunting life just as at present among the most northern body of Greenlanders, who are notoriously talland a stupid man was out of the race. So this branch of mankind went on for thousands of years, getting blonder and bigger and brainier, until it was able to conquer its neighbors to the South-neighbors who up to that time had been keeping it North. Then began those wonderful conquering migrations which have been so greatly

Fig. 8. Shetland Islands.

a

misunderstood until recently. They were now the most intelligent and muscular race. in the world and it is no wonder that they should conquer their less endowed southern neighbors and constitute themselves. governing or soldier class or aristocracy. The testimony is universal, that throughout Europe, from Greece to Scotland, from prehistory until now, the ruling classes were blonder than the peasantry.

Some of the emigrants made their way to Greece and Rome, others to Armenia, Persia and even India. In each case they conquered the southern natives, built up high civilizations and then mysteriously disappeared. They were too far out of their zone and had travelled too quickly to

Aryan aristocracy calling itself a democracy. The upper class Greeks were pictured as typical Germans, and whiter than the peasant. The blond Aryan Romans likewise soon died out under Italy's sunny skies, after forcing their Aryan dialect on

Fig. 11. Tall, lighter type, Scottish. Darker, Argyleshire.

the natives. The present Italians are of different blood-the descendants of the conquered Ligurians. Races are thus rooted to their own soil and indestructible. They can be conquered and made to learn

Egypt, yet the peasant on the farms is identically the same as pictured on monuments six thousand years ago.

What a contrast to this tragedy of the southern migration of blond Aryans, is the eastern migration of the brunette Mediterranean stock! This race also tended to expand in every direction but it found its way blocked to the North, and if any of them wandered into Central Africa they perished. They began percolating eastward early-probably five or six thousand years ago overrunning the Asiatic civilizations found in Southern Asia, and turning Chaldea into a Semitic kingdom. They entered India and became the upper or

Fig. 13. Round-Barrow Bronze-Age Type

Cumberland.

ruling class ages before the Aryan invasion. They may even have entered China and Japan, for ancient trade routes extended across Asia from the Mediterranean. At the present time, there are numerous upper class Japanese who cannot be distinguished from Mediterranean peoples. Many of the Hindoos, Parsees and Persians are typical Mediterraneans-indeed they are descendants of these eastern emigrants. Survival in this case was possible because they did not depart from their zoological zone and the environment was not markedly changed, particularly the intensity of light. A swarthy Portuguese is perfectly at home in Northern India, and

Fig. 14.

Mediterranean Type-Corsican. type was spreading over Asia, the Pacific Islands and finally, though quite late, entering America to give rise to the American Indian. Something kept it out of Europe a long time, but finally it poured in at the beginning of the Bronze Age, percolating into every nook except possibly along the Mediterranean shore, though it did enter Greece and the northern half of Italy. For thousands of years it has repeatedly sent swarms over Europe. This western movement did not take it out of its zone so that survival was possible and its descendants now constitute the great Alpine race which is wedged in between

siderable selection. They came into a far darker country than the plains of Siberia, and instead of being destroyed by damages

skin.

, 1910

, Vol. V.,

Complexion darkens towards the east and the nearer we approach Asia the more the type resembles the Mongol in other respects. As in every other similar matter in nature, no one can tell where the European Alpine type ends and the real Asiatic begins. It is interesting to note the dark yellowish skin, black hair and brown oblique eyes of some of our Russian immigrants-positively Mongolian. We need not scratch a Russian peasant to find a Tartar-it shines through. We could scratch the "White Russian forever and always find him an Aryan Slav or Teuton."

Fig. 19. Mediterranean Type-A Parsee Bride and Groom.

We are now in a position to explain phenomena which are progressing before our eyes, but never before noticed. There is but one place in America which resembles the Scandinavian home of the blonds, and that is the coast of Alaska at about 50 to 60° of latitude. Each is warmed by a tropical ocean current, and they have about equal amounts of summer, winter, light, heat, clouds, sunshine, rain and snow. This part of Alaska is a remarkably healthy country for blonds as shown by vital statistics-indeed, they should flourish permanently on the coast The government reports show that our soldiers are healthier in Alaska than in

any other part of the country. In every other part of this continent blonds are in the position of their elder cousins who had migrated too far south-and extinction is their fate except in the mountains, for it is absurd to argue that we can do what could not be done in Europe. Natural laws are as rigid here as in Greece or Africa.

The northwest coast as far south as Portland closely resembles northern France where Norsemen flourished and where there are still many Baltic types, though they do not flourish there permanently as the flow has always been into France from the northeast. On our northwest coast the

Fig. 20. German-Blond.

same types can survive many centuries, perhaps permanently, for it has much less sunshine than France. It is more like Norway and better suited for them, and is becoming strongly tinctured with vigorous blonds. In the extreme northeast, particularly in the hilly or mountainous parts we have the latitude of Switzerland and a similar where blonds can survive though the tendency is towards brunettes. In all the rest of the country we have conditions resembling Central and Southern Europe and Northern Africa, where blonds never have survived in the low lands. The fortieth parallel of latitude practically cuts this country in half. It also passes through Spain, Southern Italy, Greece and Asia Minor. South of it in Europe there

Fig. 22. Anglo-Saxon Blond-England.

It may be asked how extinction is possible if a race increases numercially like the New Englanders. Of course it will increase during the centuries before degeneration is marked. It is now known that