PREFACE

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

THE EARLIEST UNIVERSITIES-PRE-ACADEMIC CAMBRIDGE—

BEGINNINGS OF CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY HISTORY.

Original meaning of the term 'university'—Main facts in the

history of education subsequent to the fall of the Roman

Empire-Distinguishing features of the university move-

ment The University of Salerno-The study of the Civil

Law-The study of the Canon Law-The University of

Bologna-The study of logic-The Sentences of Peter

Lombard-The New Aristotle-Features common to the

growth of the early universities-Ely and Cambridge-

Oxford and Cambridge-Cambridge early in the twelfth

century-The Castle-The Church of St. Giles-St. Benet's

Church-First beginnings of the university-Barnwell

Priory The Nunnery of St. Rhadegund-The Hospital

of St. John-The School of Pythagoras-Ely and Cam-

bridge-Foundations of the Franciscans and Dominicans

-Migrations to Cambridge-Migrations from the univer-

sity to Northampton and to Stamford --Town and Gown-

Destructive fires.

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CHAPTER II.

THE UNIVERSITY IN THE THIRTEENTH AND FOURTEENTH CENTURIES
-FOUNDATION OF THE EARLIEST COLLEGES.

Medieval organisation of the university-The trivium or un-

dergraduate course-Grammar, logic, and rhetoric-The

quadrivium-Course requisite for the theologian-Course

requisite for the civilian or canonist-Course requisite for

the doctor of medicine-The regents or teachers--Lec-

turing ordinarie and cursorie-Duties imposed upon the

regents-State of the university in the thirteenth century

-Ordinance of Hugh de Balsham-Architectural develop-
ment of early colleges-The Hospital of St. John-Foun-
dation of Peterhouse-Foundation of Michaelhouse -
Foundation of Pembroke Hall-Foundation of Gonville
Hall-Foundation of Trinity Hall-Foundation of Corpus
Christi College-Foundation of Clare Hall-Foundation of
King's Hall-Theories of education exemplified in the
foregoing foundations

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CHAPTER III.

THE UNIVERSITY IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY-CHARACTERISTICS

OF UNIVERSITY MEDIEVal Life.

Influence of Lollardism and prevalence of ultramontanism at

both universities-Antagonism between the ultramontan-

ist claims and those of the bishops of Ely-The Barnwell

Process-Influences unfavourable to free speculation and

philosophy-Foundation of Eton College and King's Col-

lege-Foundation of Queen's College-Foundation of St.

Catherine's Hall-Foundation of Jesus College-Character

of university instruction at this period-The analytical

method-The dialectical method-Subsequent career of

the master of arts

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CHAPTER IV.

THE UNIVERSITY AND THE RENAISSANCE.

Bishop Fisher-The Lady Margaret-Foundation of Christ's

College-Foundation of St. John's College-Bishop Fisher's

different statutes for the college-Residence of Erasmus at

Cambridge-Richard Croke-Visit of Wolsey-The early

Cambridge press

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CHAPTER V.

THE UNIVERSITY DURING THE REFORMATION.

Præ-Lutheran Reformation movement in Cambridge-Its chief

leaders-William Tyndale, Barnes, and Latimer-Influence

of Cambridge on Oxford-The university and the Royal

Divorce-Election of Thomas Cromwell as chancellor-The

Royal Injunctions of 1535-Effects of the dissolution of

the monasteries-Leading characters in the university-

Thomas Smith and John Cheke-Foundation of the Regius

Professorships - Proposed changes in pronunciation of

Greek-Foundation of Magdalene College-Designs of the

courtiers on the colleges defeated-Foundation of Trinity

College-Noteworthy features in its first statutes

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CHAPTER VI.

FROM THE FOUNDATION OF TRINITY COLLEGE TO THE ACCESSION

OF ELIZABETH.

Abuses in admission of students into colleges-State of the

university as described by Dr. Caius-The statutes of 1549

-Fagius and Bucer appointed professors-State of the

study of the Civil Law-Chief incidents of Mary's reign-

Refounding of Gonville Hall by Dr. Caius

ΙΟΙ

CHAPTER VII.

THE UNIVERSITY DURING THE ELIZABETHAN ERA.

Cambridge more favourable to the Reformation than Oxford

-Increase of numbers in the university-Return of the

Marian exiles-Changes in the colleges and the university

-Thomas Cartwright and rise of the Puritan party-

Appointment of Cartwright to the Lady Margaret profes-

sorship-Effects of his teaching-John Whitgift-Measures

against Cartwright-Enactment of the Elizabethan Statutes

-Persecution of Dr. Caius-Death of Archbishop Parker

-Increased activity of the Puritans-The Disciplina of

Walter Travers-Ames, Robert Brown, and John Smith-

Foundation of Emmanuel College-Limitation imposed on

tenure of fellowships - William Whitaker - Rise of an

Arminian party-Arminians and Calvinists-Sir Thomas

Smith's Act for the maintenance of colleges-Foundation

of Sidney Sussex College-Relations between the univer-

sity and the town

CHAPTER VIII.

FROM THE DEATH OF ELIZABETH TO THE RESTORATION.

Expectations of parties at the accession of James-Influence of

Bancroft at Cambridge-University receives the right of

returning members to Parliament-Arbitrary rule of colleges

-Eminent Heads: Roger Goad, Dr. Neville, Dr. Davenant,

John Preston-College plays-Buckingham as chancellor

The university during the Civil War-Imposition of the

Solemn League and Covenant-Changes consequent upon

its introduction

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CHAPTER IX.

FROM THE RESTORATION TO THE ACCESSION OF GEORGE I.

Changes at the Restoration-The Crown and the university-
Question of mandate degrees-The Cambridge Platonists:

Whichcote, John Smith, Cudworth, and Henry More-

Growth of the study of natural philosophy-Barrow and

Newton-Attempted reformation of discipline-Monmouth

as chancellor Mandate elections to fellowships-The case

of Alban Francis-Changes consequent upon the accession

of Mary II.-Thomas Baker-Richard Bentley-His efforts

in the cause of science-His improvements at Trinity--

Uffenbach's visit and his impressions-Cotes, Whiston, and

Joshua Barnes-Controversy revived by Whiston

Later

CHAPTER X.

FROM THE ACCESSION OF GEORGE I. TO THE END OF THE

EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.

years of Bentley and Newton-Growth of St. Catherine's

College-Dr. Sherlock-Foundation of Regius professorship

of History and of Woodwardian professorship of Geology—

The Tripos: origin of the term and of the institution-The

first Tripos-Proctor's Optimes-Original examination for

the Mathematical Tripos-Subordination of other studies

to mathematics-Richard Porson-Dr. Jebb's proposal of

an annual compulsory examination-Influence of the main

study on Cambridge theology-Edmund Law and William

Paley-Rise of the Evangelical school-Berridge and the

Milners-First publication of the University Calendar

CHAPTER XI

FROM THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE CENTURY TO THE

PRESENT TIME.

Foundation of Downing College-Increase in the numbers of
the university-Institution of the Classical Tripos-Re-
striction originally imposed on candidates, and its removal
--Sir William Hamilton and Adam Sedgwick on the studies
of the university-Proposed revision of the university sta-
tutes-Appointment of the Commission of 1850-Substance

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