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President Mississippi Valley Medical Association, which holds its annual meeting in Memphis,

Tenn., October 7-9, 1903.

THE annual meeting of the Mississippi Valley Medical Association, which is to be held in Memphis on the 7th, 8th and 9th of October next, under

The Mississippi
Valley Medical
Association.

the presidency of Dr. Edwin Walker, promises to be one of exceptional interest; the program prepared is a strong one and will make the scientific side of the meeting important. The principal addresses are by Dr. Robert Babcock, of Chicago, on Medicine, and Dr. Ap. Morgan Cartledge, of Louisville, on Surgery. In addition to these a long array of authorities and investigators are scheduled to address the association on subjects with the development of which their names are prominently connected.

Along social lines the meeting promises to be notable; Memphis is trying to show the association why she claims to be the "Hub of the South," and why her influence is said to be one of the strongest socially of any in her territory. It is certain that a characteristically cordial welcome will be given all, and those who have not previously enjoyed it, will be given a chance to know the meaning of genuine Southern hospitality.

From present indications the attendance at this meeting will be large; plans are for the Chicago and St. Louis delegations, and those from tributary points, to make the trip over the Illinois Central, and the superb service afforded by this route will make the trip attractive. A fare and one-third for the round trip will be in effect on the certificate plan. Delegates must take receipts when purchasing tickets. The editors of the FORTNIGHTLY will be glad to be of service to any who wish berths reserved, or in furnishing data in further detail.

The Reviewer's Table.

Books, Reprints, and Instruments for this department, should be sent to the Editors, St. Louis.

THE NEUROLOGICAL PRACTICE OF MEDICINE.-A cursory course of selected lectures in Neurology, Neuriatry, Psychology and Psychiatry; applicable to general and special practice. With 77 illustrations. After the author's class-room methods as a teacher of students. Designed for students and general practitioners of medicine and surgery. By Charles H. Hughes, M. D., President of the Faculty and Professor of Neurology, Psychiatry and Electrotherapy, Barnes Medical College. Honory Member of Many Home and Foreign Medical and Scientific Societies, Etc., Etc. St. Louis, Hughes & Co. Publishers. 1903. The extended experience of the author of this volume both as a teacher, author and a neurological specialist singularly fits him to write entertainingly and practically on the subject. The volume is pleasing reading and has so many characteristics which remind one of the author that it is certain to have the appreciation of students and practitioners in all sections of the country. It is dedicated to the past and present students of the

author living in America and abroad. Professor Hughes does not include the vast army of admirers who have not been privileged to sit under him as students but we believe that he is well aware that we will appreciate it quite as much as do those who have, during his thirty years as a teacher, worked under his tuition.

Those who have heard Dr. Hughes in his lectures know that he believes that the field of neurology in practice must widen until it ceases to be a special department except in its essential manipulations and that the practitioner of medicine will become the clinical neurologist in ordinary practice with the expert for consulting advice. This opinion prevades the volume and defines its purpose which is to give the practitioner a cursory glance at the various departments of the subject and such leading points as will enable him, when he has mastered them, to work intelligently with cases which have neurological bearing. The book is most profitable reading, it contains so much that is valuable to the practitioner and so much that will lead him to further investigation that it is next to impossible to do it justice in the space at our command, in fact whole chapters are well worthy of reproduction were this possible. We hope that it will reach a large number of our readers.

A REFERENCE HANDBOOK OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES, Embracing the entire range of Scientific and Practical Medicine and Allied Sciences. By various writers. A new edition, completely revised and rewritten. Edited by Albert H. Buck, M. D., New York City. Volume VI. Illustrated by chromolithographs and 763 half-tone and wood engravings. New York: William Wood Co., 1903.

This is a work of reference and applies to all of the medical sciences. Each department of medicine and surgery is conisdered-the monographs being full and complete, and embrace the latest accepted facts of the science of medicine. There is no other work like it, consequently the practitioner who in his wisdom purchases it, has the satisfaction of knowing that he has the best there is. We have been greatly pleased to note the careful revision given each volume and of the addition of much new material and new illustrations. The illustrations are excellent, the plates especially being works of the modern art of illustrating.

In the review of previous volumes we have mentioned the fact that the authors of this great work are men who stand as authorities in medicine and surgery, while the work as a whole is under the expert editorial revi sion of Albert H. Buck, M.D. Among the well known authors contributing to volume VII are Drs. Robt. H. Babcock, Peace Barley, Frank Baker, L. F. Baker, B. M. Bolton., G. R. Butler, W. T. Chittenden, W. T. Corlett, W. T. Councilman, Edward Curtis, N. S. Davis, Jr., J. M. French, John Green, Chas. Harrington, Frank Hartley, Guy Hinsdale, E. F. Ingals, S. E. Jelliffe, F. W. Langdon, W. P. Northrup, J. J. Putnam, C. E. Quimby, C. E. Riggs, Hunter Robb, A. H. Smith, G. M. Sternberg, H. Ling Taylor, Philip Zenner and others.

PAPERS for the Original Department should be in hand one month in advance, and contributed to THE MEDICAL FORTNIGHTLY exclusively. A liberal number of extra copies will be furnished authors, and reprints may be obtained at reasonable rates, if request accompanies the manuscript. Engravings from photographs furnished free.

Contributions and books for review should be sent to the Editors, 318-320 Century Bldg., St. Louis.

COLLABORATORS.

ALBERT ABRAMS, M. D., San Francisco.
LEWIS H. ADLER, Jr., M. D., Philadelphia.
M. V. BALL, M. D., Warren, Pa.
J. K. BAUDUY, M. D., St. Louis.
FRANK BILLINGS, M. D., Chicago, Ill.
A. V. L. BROKAW, M. D., St. Louis.
DILLON BROWN, M. D., New York.
HENRY T. BYFORD, M. D., Chicago.
GIVEN CAMPBELL, JR., M. D., St. Louis,
CHARLES W. BURR, M. D., Philadelphia.
C. G. CHADDOCK, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.
S. SOLIS COHEN, M. D., Philadelphia, Pa.
W. T. CORLETT, M. D., Cleveland.
ARCHIBALD CHURCH, M. D., Chicago.
N. S. DAVIS, Jr., M. D., Chicago.

ARTHUR R. EDWARDS, M. D., Chicago, Ill.
FRANK R. FRY, M. D., St. Louis.
Mr. REGINALD HARRISON, London, Eng.

RICHARD T. HEWLETT, M. D., London, Eng.
J. N. HALL, M. D., Denver.

HOBART A. HARE, M. D., Philadelphia.
CHARLES JEWETT, M. D., Brooklyn.

J. E. JENNINGS, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.
THOMAS LINN, M. D., Nice, France.
F. J. LUTZ, M. D., St. Louis.
FRANKLIN H. MARTIN, M. D., Chicago,
J. M. MATHEWS, M. D., Louisville.
E. E. MONTGOMERY, M. D., Philadelphia.
F. SAVORY PEARCE, M. D., Philadelphia,
NICHOLAS SENN, M. D., Chicago.
FERD. C. VALENTINE, M. D., New York.
EDWIN WALKER, M. D., Evansville.
REYNOLD W. WILCOX, M. D., New York.
W. E. WIRT, M. D., Cleveland.

H. M. WHELPLEY, M. D., St. Louis.
WM. H. WILDER, M. D., Chicago, Ill.

SLEEP.

BY WILLIAM F. BARCLAY, M. D.

PITTSBURG, PA.

Read before the Tri-State Medical Association of Western Maryland, Western Pennsylvania and Western Virginia at Cumberland, Md., July 16, 1993.

ENSATION is the realization of impressions of external and internal origin. The sensorium presides over the senses, five in number, they are of external origin. Internal sensations are of internal origin, and arise from the functions of the body. Morbid sensations are external and internal, they arise from objective and subjective sensations.

Anemia and hyperemia of the brain or sensorium are physiological terms, meaning deliquium, and plethora of the vascular system of the nervous center. The brain and spinal cord are the center of the nervous system. The latter condition of the nervous center seems to be present in sleep, although physiologists believe and teach that the former condition is present in sleep.

The most profound slumber is induced in apoplexy, sunstroke, epilepsy, catalepsy, as well in all conditions of hyperemia of the brain. Coma is the most profound slumber. Slow, deep breathing induces hyperemia of the sensorium, drowsiness and sleep. Opportunities of observing the brain and its membranes in sleep have convinced me that hyperemia of the vascular system of the nervous center, induces sleep. The more intense the hyperemia the more sleep and slumber.

The knowledge of the views of writers on the subject of physiology is well known, and is at variance with the views suggested, nevertheless the conviction is that the observations set out are correct, and bear investigation. Repose of sensation is the condition of the body in sleep.

It is evident that nervous energy of the sensations is suspended in the organs of sensation during sleep, at the same time the circulation of the blood and nutrition of the body continue the processes of waste and repair of vital action. Natural observation of animal life indicates, unmistakably, that digestion, assimilation and nutrition largely take place during sleep. Animals feed and sleep invariably when not disturbed in their natural conditions and environment. The conclusion of physiological research is that living forces are sustained by laws of compensation.

Nutrition when comprehended in scientific investigation is the most profound subject in physiological research. The election of that which is suitable for the sustenance of life and the appropriation of the chyle after it enters the circulation of the blood in the selection of that which sustains living forces is beyond our scientific knowledge in all that which pertains to the nutrition of the body. Animal and vegetable life when studied show somewhat similar processes in the laws of appropriation and development. The vertebrates are suited to the selection of food in physical organization, they largely use the five senses in selection and appropriation of that which sustains life. Psychic power is alone dominant in selection of suitable food, and its appropriation to physical necessities. The selection of food and the election of metabolism of the blood concern the welfare of life, intimately in preservation of the powers of psychic and physical health they demand constant care and protection of all the functions which contribute to normal action.

Sleep is essential to normal action in the continuation of life. The divisions of time for activity and sleep is the provident correlation of physical resources. The preservation of normal physical life and health demand that the subject of sleep should concern our studies more seriously than at first conception of the subject we apprehend. The value of rest treatment in diseases is evidently its influence in producing normal sleep. The entire relaxation of psychic force induces sleep of a refreshing character. The tendency at the present time to overwork in the various avocations and the exhaustion of living forces produces enervation and consequent impairment of vital action. It is observable that the hair turns gray prematurely, the teeth decay, vision is impaired at birth or at an early age, and that humanity ages earlier than in former time. We work too long hours, and fail to take proper rest. We should rest more and sleep longer than we do. We observe these imperfections in the present generation in weakness and imperfect development. We conclude that the race is growing weaker instead of stronger, morally, religiously, intellectually and physically. The anomalies in organization and development are largely attributable to these causes. It is a fact that the vigorous brilliant members of society produce weak, listless, dull children, and that the less active and vigorous members of society, who rest and sleep most, beget children who achieve most and control the affairs of the world. The lessons in life are too plainly written to be misunderstood.

We should constitute individual examples of students of that which betters our own lives in the tendencies which inculcate better principles and actions in others, thereby by precepts and examples be a blessing to

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