CAR

at Whitehall, viii. 156; supports Leices
ter's candidature for the Secretaryship,
ix. 85; her friendship for Strafford, 86;
her political alliance with Pym, 376; in-
forms Essex that Charles is coming to
the House, x. 136; wishes Charles to
delay his departure from Whitehall, 149
Carnarvon, Earl of 1628 (Robert Dormer),
criticises The Floating Island, viii. 150
Caron, Noel de, Dutch ambassador in
England, is allowed to levy a regiment
in Scotland, i. 207; asks James to sur-
render the cautionary tons, ii. 383;
proposes a negotiation about the disputes
in the East, iii. 171; regrets the aliena-
tion between England and the Dutch,
iv. 226; death of, v. 312
Carondelet, Archdeacon of Cambrai, James

complains of Charles and Buckingham
to, v. 194; has a private audience of
James, 207; his secret intercourse with
the King discovered by Williams, 210
Carr, Sir Robert, early life of, ii. 42; ac-
quires the manor of Sherborne, 46; urges
James to dissolve Parliament, 109; is
created Viscount Rochester, 111. See
Rochester, Viscount; Somerset, Earl of
Carrickfergus, Wandesford expects the
Irish army to rendezvous at, ix. 156;
the infantry of the army at, 183
Cartignana, Count of, Savoyard am-
bassador in England, ii. 137; returns to
Turin, 140

Cartwright, Thomas, wishes magistrates
to assist the clergy in maintaining disci-
pline, i. 25; defends Presbyterianism
against Whitgift, 27; attacks the Sepa-
ratists, 38

Cartwright, William, his Royal Slave per-
formed at Oxford, viii. 152

Carvajal, Donna Luisa de, lives in Eng-
land, ii. 221; is imprisoned, 222; release
of, 223

Carver, John, first governor of New Eng-
land, iv. 162; death of, 168
Cary, Lorenzo, is promoted by Charles in
spite of Wentworth's wish, vii. 38
Cary, Lucius, is dismissed from the Irish
army, and challenges Sir Francis Wil-
loughby, viii. 255; succeeds his father as
Viscount Falkland, 256. See Falkland,
Viscount

Cary, Sir Henry, is created Viscount Falk-

land, iv. 38. See Falkland, Viscount
Casale, Richelieu raises the siege of, vii. 99
Castara, Habington's, vii. 340
Castelnaudary, defeat of Montmorency at,

vii. 213

Castle Chamber, the Irish Court of, pun-
ishes the jurymen who acquitted Mead, i.
371; attempt to suppress recusancy by
means of, 392; petition against the as-
sumed jurisdiction of, 393; resistance to
the Sues imposed by, 394; violent pro-
ceedings of, 395; abandonment of the
attempt to impose fines on recusants in,
399; the Galway jury summoned before,
ul. 62

CAT

Castleton, Samuel, sent to the Spice Is
lands, iii. 167.

Catalonia, rebellion of, ix. 348
Catesby, George, declares himself to be
master of his own purse, vi. 202
Catesby, Robert, consults Garnet, i.
hopes that the King of Spain will send
an army to England, 140, 234. See Gun-
powder Plot.

99:

the

Catholics, the English, persecuted by
Henry VIII., i. 10; and by Elizabeth,
14 grievances of, 96: expect better
treatment from. James, 97: intention
formed by James respecting, 100; the
recusancy fines again collected from,
101; support James's title, 108; plot
formed amongst, 109; receive a promise
that the fines will be remitted, 115; are
urged by the Pope to abstain from in-
surrection, 140; James promises not to
exact the fines from, 141; increase of,
143; banishment of their priests, 144:
James's views on their treatment, 166;
vacillation in James's intentions to-
wards, 201; alarm taken by James at
the increase in the numbers of, 202; Act
of 1604 directed against, 203; the law
put in force by the judges against, 221;
attempt to deal with, by banishing the
priests and sparing the laity, 222; are
harshly treated in Lancashire, 223; the
recusancy fines demanded from
wealthiest, 224; the penal laws to be
put in force against, 227; amount of the
fines levied from, 228; Protestant view
of the treatment of, 230; difficulties in
the way of granting toleration to, 231;
discontent among, 241; new laws against,
after the Gunpowder Plot, 287; an oath
of allegiance imposed on, 283; banish-
ment of their priests, ii. 15; proposal to
purchase toleration for, 18; persecution
of, after the Gunpowder Plot, ; con-
templated toleration of, 30; continued ill-
treatment of, 164; improved prospects of,
257; milder treatment of, iii. 345; James
professes to engage himself by letter on
behalf of, 346; are accused of rejoicing at
Frederick's defeat in Bohemia, iv. 29;
James refuses to persecute. 34; prospects
of toleration for, 289; release from im-
prisonment of, 349 oath taken by the
Privy Councillors not to exact penalties
from, v. 69; discussion on the mode in
which James is to give efect to the
articles in the Spanish marriage treaty
in relief of, 98; agreement made at Salis-
bury for the relief of, 99; James signs a
pardon and dispensation for, 125; delay
in the issue of the Acts in favour of, 126;
continuance of the delay in relieving, 142;
accident at Blackfriars to an assembly
of, ib.; James explains his treatment of,
183; Bil! for increasing the penalties of,
185; Eliot proposes to fit out a fleet with
the fines of, 191; bitterness of feeling in
Engiand against, 206; petition for the
execution of the penal laws against 208;

CAT

Charles swears that they shall have no
benefit by the French marriage treaty,
222; Janies confirms his son's declara-
tion against, 225; refusal of the French
Government to go on with the marriage
treaty without including, 250; suspen-
sion of the proceedings against, 263;
signature by Charles of an engagement
in favour of, 277; suspension of the penal
laws against, 278; order given by Charles
to stay all proceedings against, 326; are
informed that they must not expect
relief till after the session of Parliament
is over, 329; Seymour moves that the
1ws be executed against, 342; Charles
declares his intention of executing the
laws against, 373; disappointment of
Henrietta Maria at Charles's failure to
observe his promises to, 376; protests of
the French ambassadors in favour of,
377; Williams advises Charles on the
best mode of dealing with, 395; attack
by the Commons on the issue of pardons
to, 397; declaration of Buckingham
that the laws will be executed against,
419; protests of the Bishop of Mende
and Father Berulle on behalf of, 422;
banishment of the priests of, vi. 3; re-
monstrances of Blainville on behalf of,
27; enforcement of the penal laws
against, 32; are hindered from going to
mass at Blainvi le's chapel, 70; attempt
of Charles to buy off the opposition of
Parlament by persecuting, 237; gracious
reception by Charles of the petition of
the Houses against, 246; the Commons
complain of the favour shown to, 316;
the Commons repeat their complaint of
the lenient treatment of, vii. 57; con-
verts to the doctrines of, viii. 127; im-
proved condition of, 130; divisions
amongst the clergy of, 131; numbers
and moral position of, 132; Panzani's
mission on behalf of, 133; Panzani re-
ports the prevalence at Court of the
doctrines of, 136; position of in Mary-
land, 180; Laud wishes that the laws
may be executed against, 235; efforts of
Con on behalf of, 236; numerous con-
verts added to, 238; struggle between
Laud and the Queen on the proposed
execution of the laws against, 239;
Charles modifies his proclamation against,
241; contribute to the war against Scot-
land, ix. 26; the Queen fears that the
Short Parliament will persecute, 87; at-
tempts made to get money from, 157:
are placed in military command, 159;
ill-feeling of the soldiers against, 172;
supposed plot formed by, 227; are asked
to fast in support of the Queen's inten-
tion, 233; are dismissed from the army
in the North, 243; liberty of worship
offered by Charles to, 252; the Commons
demand an account of the contributions
of, 269; both Houses ask the King to
execute the laws against, ib.; are thrown
over by Charles, 272; demand of the

CEC

Lords for the disarmament of, 325:
are questioned on their behaviour, 374;
charges brought against, 375; renewal
of the persecution of, 411; renewed fear
of a plot formed by, x. 72; hard con
dition of, 97

Catholics, the Irish. See Ireland
Cautionary towns, surrendered to the
Dutch, ii. 383

Cavaliers, origin of the name of, x. 121:
follow Lunsford to Kingston, 154; are
dispersed by the Surrey trained bands
158

Cavan, Chichester's visit to, i. 404; treat-
ment of the English settlers in, x. 66
Cavendish, Lord, buys the earldom of
Devonshire, iii. 215

Cayenne, the, Raleigh arrives at the mouth
of, iii. 116

Cecil of Essendon, Lord, 1603-1604 (Robert
Cecil), his views on the peace with Spain,
i. 103; is informed of Watson's plot, 114;
his conduct towards Raleigh, 117; sup-
ports Raleigh at his trial, 131; moves
for a conference on purveyance, 170;
advises James not to hasten the union
with Scotland, 177; is unable to give
good advice on ecclesiastical questions,
194; his opinion on the treatment of
nonconformists, 199, 2co; takes part in
the negotiation with Spain, 208; explains
that the Dutch will not suffer from the
treaty with Spain, 209; becomes Vis-
count Cranborne, 214. See Cecil, Sir
Robert; Cranborne, Viscount; Salisbury,
Earl of

Cecil, Sir Edward, commands the English
troops at the siege of Juliers, ii. 98; is a
candidate for the command of the volun-
teers for the Palatinate, and quarrels
with Dohna, iii. 358; is a member of the
Council of War, 388; speech in the
House of Commons falsely attributed to,
iv. 28; seconds Perr t's motion for the
defence of the Palatinate, 129; is again
member of the Council of War, v. 223; is
appointed commander of the expedition
against Cadiz, vi. 10; is dissatisfied with
the force committed to him, 11; is pro-
mised the title of Viscount Wimbledon,
12; maintains order with difficulty in
the fleet at Plymouth, 14; by the ad-
vice of a council of war he resolves to
land at St. Mary Port, but on seeing
Essex sail up Cadiz harbour orders the
fleet to follow, 15; orders an attack on
Fort Puntal, 16; marches towards the
north end of the island, 18; lets his men
get drunk, and returns to Puntal, 19;
abandons the attempt on Cadiz, and
sails to look for the Mexico fleet, 20;
returns to England, 21. See Wimbledon,
Viscount

Cecil, Sir Robert, Secretary of State to
Elizabeth, i. 82; enters into a secret
correspondence with James, 83; his
character and position, 90; is raised to
the peerage, 101. See Cecil of Essendon,

CEL

Lord; Cranborne, Viscount; Salisbury,
Earl of

Celibacy, Massinger's opinion on, vii. 337;
Panzani's report on English opinion on
clerical, viii. 136

Cervantes writes Don Quixote, i. 41
Chaderton, Lawrence, takes part in the
Hampton Court Conference, i. 153.
Chalcedon, Bishop of. See Bishop, William,
and Smith, William

Cham, surrender of, to the Bavarians, iv.

219

Chambers, Richard, is committed by the
Council for contemptuous words, vii. 4;
applies for a habeas corpus, and is bailed,
ib.; is prosecuted in the Star Chamber,
5; addresses a petition to the Commons,
37; is sentenced in the Star Chamber,
and refuses to acknowledge his offence,
85; brings an action against the Custom
House officers, 86; questions the juris-
diction of the Star Chamber in the Court
of Exchequer, 114; postponement of the
case of, 168; attempts to obtain a de-
cision on the legality of ship-money from
the King's Bench, viii. 103; pays ship-
money and brings an action against the
Lord Mayor, 281; postponement of the
argument in the case of, ix. 161
Chancery, the Court of, attack by Coke on

the jurisdiction of, iii. 10; Bill for the
reform of, iv. 109

Chancey, Sir William, case of, in the High
Commission Court, ii. 122
Chaplains, position of, vii. 304
Charenton, visit of Holland and Carleton

to the Huguenot church at, vi. 52
Charity Mistaken, written by Knott, viii.

260

Charlemont, massacre of Irish women at,
x. 175

Charles III., Duke of Lorraine, mission

of Walter Montague to, vi. 168; does
nothing to support Buckingham, 176;
Gaston takes refuge with, vii. 184; attack
of Richelieu on, 195; surrenders three
of his fortresses to France, 198; is driven
into exile, 347

Charles I. (King of England, Scotland,
and Ireland, 1625), opinion of Ville-aux-
Clercs on the character of, v. 317; de-
fects of, as a ruler, 318; establishes him-
self at Whitehall, 319; wishes James's
Parliament to meet after the King's
death, 320; keeps order in his Court,
321; is eager to fit out the fleet to be
used against Spain, and engages to sup-
ply money to the King of France, 323;
gathers a land force, 324; is married by
proxy, 325 orders all proceedings against
the Catholics to be stayed, 326; his first
interview with his wife, 333; his first
matrimonial dispute, 334; enters Lon-
don with the Queen, ib.; financial_en-
gagements of, 336; opens his first Par-
liament, 337; tells the Commons that
they have brought him into the war, 338;
makes a good impression on the Com-

CHA

mons, 339; makes no definite demand
340; is not opposed to persecution, 344
answers the grievances of the Commons,
and proposes to end the session, 348;
listens to Laud, 363; financial difficulties
of, 365; resolves to ask for a further
grant, 366; objects to the committal of
Montague, as being his chaplain, 372;
adjourns the Houses to Oxford, and an-
nounces his intention of executing the
recusancy laws, 373; domestic troubles
of, 375; re nonstrates with the Queen on
the arrangements of her household, 376;
orders the liberation of priests to accom.
pany Effiat to France, 377; is in diffi-
culty about Pennington's fleet, 378;
double-dealing of, 379; is urged by the
French to allow the fleet to be used
against Rochelle, 381; sends further
instructions to Pennington, ib.; orders
Pennington to return to Dieppe, and
deliver his ships to the French, 382; is
in a dilemma how to deal with the Catho-
lics, 395; summons the Houses before
him in Christchurch Hall, 403; asks for
supply, and empowers Conway to explain
his wants, 404; directs Sir J. Coke to
give further explanations, 405; resolves
to send the fleet to the Spanish coast,
406; sends a message to the Commons,
begging for immediate supply, 423; in-
sists upon dissolving Parliament, 430;
dissolves his first Parliament, 432; con.
tinues his confidence in Buckingham,
433; with the consent of the Privy Coun
cil, banishes the priests and issues Privy
Seals, vi. 3; is on bad terms with the
Queen, ib.; wishes the Queen to admit
English Ladies of the Bedchamber to
her service, 4; agrees to the treaty of
Southampton with the Dutch, and breaks
openly with Spain, 6; resolves to send
Buckingham to the Hague to pawn the
Crown jewels, and to attend the Con-
gress. 7 reviews the fleet and troops at
Plymouth, 12; makes excuses for his
treatment of the English Catholics, 27;
hesitates to restore a ship seized by Sou-
bise, and refuses to discuss with Blain-
ville the question of the Queen's house-
hold, 28; makes the Opposition leaders
sheriffs, 33; declares that Wentworth is
an honest gentleman, ib.; orders the
issue of writs for a new Parliament, 37:
informs the Bishop of Mende of his reso-
lution to introduce English ladies into
the Queen's household, 38; orders French
prize goods to be sold, 41; hesitates
whether he shall proceed with the sale,
42; wishes to come to a compromise, 43;
resolves to relieve Rochelle, 44; insists
upon the fulfilment by Louis of the terms
of the Treaty of Montpellier, 47; is dis-
pleased at the Queen's refusal to be
crowned, 48; coronation of, 49; is dis-
pleased with the terms granted by Louis
to the Huguenots, 53; orders Holland
and Carleton to insist on the recognition

CHA

of their master's mediation, 54: treats
the offer of French co-operation with
coolness, 55; insists that the Queen shall
witness a procession in the company of
the Countess of Buckingham, 56; for
bids Blainville to appear at Court, and
demands his recall, 57;
opens his
second Parliament 9; receives Riche-
lieu's fresh overtures with coolness,
69; wishes Lord Lorne to marry Eliza-
beth Stuart, 71; sends Arundel to the
Tower, 72; assures Totness that the Com-
mons shall not send him to the Tower,
75; demands justice on Clement Coke
and Dr. Turner, 77; complains of the
conduct of the Commons in attacking
Buckingham, 78; urges the Commons
to grant supply, 80; directs Coventry
to inform the Commons that they have
liberty of counsel, not of control, 82;
tells the Commons that Parliaments are
to continue or not according to their
fruits, 83; allows the Commons to pro-
ceed with their inquiry into the conduct
of the Government, 85; does his best to
alienate France, 88; receives Blainville
at his last audience, 89; allows Arundel
to go to his own house, and orders Bris-
tol to remain at Sherborne, 92; accuses
Bristol of having tried to pervert him, 93;
accuses Bristol of high treason, 95; in-
forms the Lords that he is able to bear
witness to the falsehood of Bristol's
charges against Buckingham, 97; con-
tests the right of the Lords to allow Bris-
tol the use of counsel, 98; his authority
at stake in Buckingham's impeachment,
99 is angry at Eliot's comparison of
Buckingham to Sejanus, 107; testifies
Buckingham's innocence to the Lords,
and objects to their message about
Arundel, 108; sends Eliot and Digges to
the Tower, 109; waives his pretensions
to give evidence against Bristol, and re-
leases Digges, 112; orders Weston to
state that Eliot is imprisoned on acccount
of actions done out of the House, ib.;
liberates Eliot, having failed to discover
proof that he is in league with Blainville,
113; asks the University of Cambridge
to elect Buckingham Chancellor, 115;
ord rs the Commons to desist from
further inquiry into Buckingham's elec-
tion, 116; threatens the Commons with a
dissolution if they do not speedily grant
a supply, 117; believes that to abandon
Buckingham will be destructive of the
constitution, 119; dissolves Parliament,
121; issues a proclamation for the peace
of the Church, 122; calls in the Remon-
strance of the Commons, and directs
that Buckingham's case shall be tried in
the Star Chamber, 123, attempts in vain
to induce the City to lend him money,
but obtains a small loan from the alder-
men, 124; gets together a fleet to act
against Spain, ib.; proposes a free gift
to the country, orders tonnage and

CHA

poundage to be levied, and dismisses
several justices of the peace, 125; orders
musters to be held, 130; makes a forced
requisition of ships for Willoughby's
fleet, 132; financial distress of, 133;
quarrels with his wife, 134; expels the
Queen's French attendants, 136; rejects
a proposal to debase the coinage, 138;
hears of the Battle of Lutter, and resolves
to send four regiments to Denmark,
140; arranges a new household for the
Queen, and treats Bassompierre rudely,
141; determines to levy a forced loan,
and issues a circular to the clergy, 143;
is on better terms with the Queen, 145;
dismisses Chief Justice Crew, 149; re-
jects the French ultimatum, 152; be
lieves Richelieu to have been bribed by
the Pope, and himself to have been
always in the right, 159; sends Penning-
ton to attack the French shipping, 160;
refuses to treat separately with Spain,
163; hopes to retrieve the defeat of
Christian IV., 164; sends Morgan with
four regiments to help Christian IV.,
165; fails to obtain money on the security
of a jewel sent by him to Denmark, 166;
sends Walter Montague to stir up dis
content in France, 167; goes to Ports
mouth to review the fleet for the relief of
Rochelle, and issues instructions to Buck-
ingham, 169; is eager to support Buck-
ingham, 177; urges the Lord Treasu.er
and the Chancellor of the Exchequer to
find money for the expedition, 178; re-
peats his orders, 179; sends reinforce-
ments to Rhé, 180; is informed that he
has no allies, 185; seizes three Dutch
East Indiamen, 188; is anxious lest
Buckingham shall not be relieved in time,
192; assures Buckingham of the con-
tinuance of his favour, 194; receives
Buckinghain cordially, 201; orders Mon-
taigne to license Manwaring's sermon,
209; financial straits of, 219; resists all
entreaties to make peace, ib.; releases
the prisoners confined for refusing to
pay the forced loan, 225; orders writs
to be issued for a new Parliament, and
demands ship-money, 226; revokes his
order for the payment of ship-money, 227;
speaks at the opening of the Parliament
of 1628, 231; thinks that he can buy off
the opposition of the Commons by perse.
cuting the Catholics, 237; lays the heads
of his expenditure before the Commons,
239; is almost without support in the
Commons, 240; receives graciously the
petition of the two Houses against re-
cusants, 246; asks for an immediate sup
ply, and assures the Commons that he has
no desire to entrench on their liberties,
248; is pleased by a vote in committee
for five subsidies, 252; becomes less
hopeful, 254; directs the Commons to
remain sitting on Good Friday, ib.;
grows impatient, and demands an im
mediate supply, 255; tells the Commons

CHA

that he is as careful of their liberties as they ar:, 257; orders Denbigh to sail at all risks, ib. ; orders Coventry to declare that his word must be trusted for the execution of the law, 263; wishes to know whether the Commons will rest on his royal word, 267; refuses to do more than to confirm Magna Carta and the six statutes, 270; loses patience at hearing that a Petition of Right has been prepared in the Commons, and thinks of dissolving Parliament, 275; argues in favour of his right to imprison without showing cause, and offers to disclose the cause as soon as is convenient, 277; considers it to be a point of honour to succour Rochelle, 291; is angry at Denbigh's failure. 292; orders Denbigh to refit his fleet, 293; questions the judges how far the Petition of Right will bind him, 294; asks the opinion cf the Council on the answer to be given to the Petition of Right, 296; gives an evasive answer to Parliament, 297; threatens a dissolution, 301; forbids the Commons to lay scandal on his ministers, 302; hesitates to resist both Houses, 307; withdraws his prohibition to the Commons to inquire into the state of affairs, 308; assents to the Petition of Right, 309; makes minor concessions, but refuses to dismiss Buckingham, 318; imposes a fine on the City for its failure to discover the murderers of Dr. Lambe, 320; answers the remon strance of the Commons, ib. ; refuses to allow the Commons to make a temporary grant of tonnage and poundage, 322; declares his intention to prorogue Parlia.ment, 323; states his case respecting tonnage and poundage, 324; prorogues Parliament, 325: his case against the Com mons, ib.; makes unpopular ecelesiastical appointments, 329; pardons Manwaring, and gives him the living of Stanford Rivers, 330; hopes to obtain from Spain a support for his foreign policy, 331; sends Carlisle to Lorraine and Italy, 332; informs the Prince of Orange that he wishes to make peace with Spain, 333; visits Southwick, 345; is unwilling to negotiate at once with France for peace, 347; hears of Buckingham's murder, 351; intends to erect a monument to Buckingham, 356 abandons the idea, 357; has no favourite after Buckingham, 359; takes the direction of the government, 360; foreign policy of, 361; sends Lindsey to the relief of Rochelle, 363; sends Morgan to relieve Glückstadt, and converses with Contarini on the terms of peace with France, 366; is on good terms with his wife after Buckingham's death, 367 rejects the French overtures, ib.; orders Lindsey to persevere, 368; im pression made by the fall of Rochelle on, 369; is reconciled to Arundel and Cottington, 371; delays sending aid to the King of Denmark, 372; hopes for a

СНА

come

Spanish alliance, and carries on a negotiation with France, 373; important bearing of the dispute about tonnage and poundage on the con-titutional claims of, vii. 2; wishes to to an understanding with Parliament on tonnage and poundage, 6; offence given by the ecclesiastical appointments of, 8; has no taste for dogmatic controversy, 20; issues a declaration to be prefixed to the Articles, 21; receives Abbot into favour, and grants pardons to Montague and others, 23; difficulties in the way of, 29; declares he has no intention of levying tonnage and poundage by prerogative, 33; denies that religion is in danger, 42, attack of the Commons on the ecclesiastical supremacy of, 43; orders the reprieve of a condemned priest, 57; declares that the Custom House officers have acted by his autho rity, and are not responsible to the Commons, 64; hopes that the Commons will reconsider their position, 66; orders an adjournment, 67; sends for the mace, 74; intends to force open the doors of the House of Commons, 75: dissolves Parliament and orders the imprisonment of nine members, 77; publishes a declaration announcing his policy, 78; issues a proclamation against rumours of his intention to call a Parliament, 81; determines to punish Eliot, 82; is dissatisfied with the answers of the judges to Heath's questions on the case of the imprisoned members of the Commons, 89; orders that all the judges shall be consulted, 90; consults the judges on the jurisdiction of the Star Chamber over the imprisoned members of Parliament, 92; wishes to delay the decision of the King's Bench in favour of bailing the prisoners, 94; orders that the prisoners shall not be produced in court, 95; his conduct to the judges, 96; treats with several powers for the recovery of the Palatinate, 97: negotiates with Sweden and Denmark, 98; professes to be ready to help the King of Denmark if he had the means, 99; abandons the Huguenots in the treaty of Susa between England and France, 100; suspects Richelieu of wishing to tyrannise over the French Protestants, 102; is dissatisfied with Rubens' statement that it will be difficult to restore the Palatinate, and allows Gustavus to levy soldiers in England and Scotland, ib.; sends Roe on a mission to the Baltic, and wishes success to the Dutch, 103; opens negotiations with Spain, 104 venality at the Court of, 1C5: objects to the coming of a bishop to preside over the Queen's priests, 106; urges Rubens to obtain the surrender of the fortresses in the Palatinate, and sends Cottington to Madrid with instructions to come away if it is not promised, 107: proposes to arbitrate between Spain