THE HEALTH OF THE CITIES becoming more filthy." In WHICH OF THESE COWS DO YOU GET YOUR MLK FROM was made health-officer of the city of Wheeling, West Virginia. The doctors were very busy just then, and so were the undertakers, ING PURE MILK AND || IF YOU DONT ROW YOU SHOULD because of an unwarranted rate of death among the infants of that city. It was a sort of "race-suicide,” but on a mammoth scale. The new health-officer was shocked results of his inspection in the columns and dumfounded as he read over the long of the daily press. The list of guilty death roll. The milk supplied by the venders was a long one, and its very provenders at once fell under his suspicion. portions startled the citizens from their Then he looked up the law. Too often costly slumber. But the efforts and health boards and officers are tied hand results were worth while. Today Wheeland foot by a lack of authority, but this ing has a uniformly good milk supply, Wheeling progressive felt sure from his for the people avoided the venders of interpretation of the law that he had the dirty milk as they would the plague, and power to put a stop to this heedless the venders whose names appeared sacrifice of infant life. He began by among the undesirables in the printed list, examining samples of milk sold in the were forced to mend their ways or go city, and then it dawned on him that this out of business. Now the little white course would be useless if he stopped at hearse is seldom seen on the streets of merely entering the results in his book the city of Wheeling. Even adverse of record, so he decided to make the facts advertising pays. known to his employer,—the people. Easton, Pennsylvania, is entitled to a When this became known, there were blue ribbon on the score of its method of vigorous protests and dire threats of vio- dealing with tuberculosis among the lence from the parties interested finan- poor. It is a widely known fact nowcially, but he went ahead in the face of adays that besides fresh air, proper and this stormy antagonism, and printed the nourishing food is one of the chief essen tials in building up the tubercular victim and bringing him back to health. Cream, Donit Dope Your Baby butter and eggs have a high value in this respect, but where is the poor or poverty- proper nourishment in abundant quanStop Giving Soothing Syrups tities. Easton realized this, and so far it is the only city in the entire country which has solved this phase of the dark A DOSE OF A "SOOTHING" SYRUP IS THE SAME AS problem of tuberculosis. Easton, with OPTUM A BLOW ON THE HEAD. PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE POLICE 1220 610 FIRE SEWA 555 POLICE FIRE 242 STREET CLEAN WAGE incomplete deta 276 HEALTH POLICE 276 FIRE 384 MEALTH arms laden with generous COMPARISON OF EXPENDITURES quantities of cream, butter FOR IMPORTANT MUNICIPAL ACTIVITIES and eggs, goes right into IN FOUR LEADING AMERICAN CITIES the homes of the needy This data - for year 1900 - from fabulations of US Census Bureau tubercular victims, and supplies all tubercular victims CHICAGO with rich, bounteous provisions. It discriminates between charitably saving the starving and re-building into new life the shattered frames of the tubercular. NEW YORK The only requisite necessary to obtain this richest of nourishment is a physician's certificate, stating that the bearer is a victim of the white plague. This PHILADELPHIA plan is better and cheaper than hospitals, of which enough will never be built to supply the demand so far as tuberculosis is concerned, and other cities which wish BOSTON to rank foremost in health activity would do well to follow Easton's lead. In this limited distribution of medals to cities for achievement along health lines, Cincinnati must not EVIDENTLY HEALTH PROTECTION Is Not REGARDED AS BEING SO be forgotten. There are to A comparison of budgets of four of our great cities. be no more "blue Mondays” down there on the Ohio, and henceforth washday will cease to be and a low death rate are two of the best the abomination of desolation for the advertisements that a city may have. The poorer families who are fortunate enough more enterprising of our cities are learnto live in Cincinnati. That city's health ing this, and are waking to the fact that board is entitled to the credit for carrying to grow in population and prestige it is out the idea, for they fully realized the not only necessary to attract new citizens, dangerous consequences often due to but even more necessary to preserve the damp, steaming clothes hanging to dry health of those they already possess. Just in the close quarters of the dwellers of as the insurance companies are realizing the tenements, and had the foresight to that it is more profitable to keep their see the sanitary benefits of a city public policy-holders alive and paying premiums laundry. So the laundry was built, and than it is to let them die, so some of the was just recently opened to the women cities are having it forced on them that of the crowded tenement districts. This a healthy man, woman or child is a real novel city plant includes enough driers, commercial asset to any community. washers and electric irons to meet the But it must be said to the shame of laundry needs of five hundred families most of our cities that they have not every week. It has proved to be sucli a more fully awakened to the possibilities success that Cincinnati is getting ready of this health age. There is little excuse. to build more of the same kind. Information and practical knowledge are Performances like this, and of some of not lacking; in fact, those who would the other cities mentioned, benefit a city gladly guard the public's health have even in a financial way, for good health more knowledge for that purpose than IMPORTANT AS PROTECTION OF PROPERTY. pity it is," said a prominent APPROPRIATIONS FOR sanitarian recently, “that CHICAGO'S PUBLIC SAFETY DEPARTMENTS some man could not have FOR THE LAST FOUR YEARS patented the fresh-air treat ment for tuberculosis! He HEALTH would have been a millionaire many times over, and his treatment would have been, without any doubt, POLICE far more popular than Peruna!" It is to be hoped that the passion for drugging and FIRE doctoring the individual will soon be a thing of the past, while the health and well-being of the species as a whole will be given more attention. The problem of A COMPARISON OF CHICAGO'S APPROPRIATIONS FOR HEALTH. POLICE disease in relation to cities merely requires the earnest Note that “Health" receives a smaller allowance each succeeding year. consideration of those gift ed with honorable political For Your Health's Sake-Keep Your Body Clean sagacity; the exponents of medical science are doing their part as best they can. It is now up to the citizen to arouse himself and awaken others to activity, for THE CRADLE of henceforth it will be to the lasting disCLEANLINESS grace of any city if it does not bend every effort to the wholesale eradication of disease by preventive measures accessible to all. Our cities have had the finger of scorn pointed at them often enough; they have it in thein to become models for the A SUGGESTION. WHICH IF FOLLOWED. Would LOWER civilized world—models that may even be regarded with approval by a more enthey know what to do with,—oftentimes lightened civilization a number of generthey cannot even give it away! "What a ations hence. AND FIRE. THE DEATH RATE IN THE CITIES Wisdom of the Ancients I Love thyself, and many will hate thee. The truth is always the strongest argument. SUN-POWER TO IRRIGATE THE .: NILE VALLEY HE sandy and sun-baked wastes this wonderful plant being sent to Egypt of the Nile, the arid lands of hap-hazard; it is going to fill an order the Texas Panhandle, the of the Egyptian government, an order nitrate fields of Chile, the des- given after a board of expert erts of Africa, in short, those commissioners had spent months dried out portions of the earth which for at the Tacony plant as special centuries have resisted the efforts of the investigators for the Khedive. farmer are to be reclaimed by the very It is backed by British capithing that has made them desolate—the tal, placed only after the sun. most exhaust ive investigation There was shipped recently from Phil- of the prac tical use of the adelphia to Egypt the first section of the sun-power plant. first sun-power plant ever invented and put to practical use. This is not the experiment of a dreamer but the completed and tested work—after many months of practical use in Tacony, a suburb of Philadelphia-of The Egyptian order was the first but not the only one which has been placed in the past several months. With the assurance from the Khedive's commissioners and from the English financiers, orders Tacony. Nor is FRANK SHUMAN. WHO HAS RECEIVED AN ORDER FROM OF His SUN-POWER PLANTS. SUN-POWER TO IRRIGATE THE NILE VALLEY 81 have begun to pour in from every section produce a plant that would originally of the globe until Mr. Shuman has found cost no more than about twice as much as it necessary to begin the erection of a a steam boiler of the same horse-power. plant to make sun-power plants. The The 10,000 horse-power plant now being work on this plant is starting now in shipped to Egypt meets this every rePhiladelphia. quirement. This, in brief, is the story of the ulti The plant which has been in operation mate success of years of effort, of work near Tacony is built low, so low that the and of testing, but it gives only a slight winds have never injured it since it has idea of the great factor that has entered been in operation. It is expected to opagricultural and manufacturing develop- erate about eight hours a day in the Nile ment and what this wonderful sun-ray- country and in this latitude it has already harnessing machinery will do. turned out 3,000 gallons of water a minThe main object of the sun-power ute, throwing it to a height of 33 feet. plant is to produce practical power at the In Egypt, it is expected to treble, possibly least possible cost. The idea of “harness- quadruple, this capacity. ing the sun” has been the dream of in Mr. Shuman commenced his experiventors and the desire of the commercial ments about ten years ago. The first exgiants. for years. Some efforts have met periments showed that if the sun's rays with a certain amount of success but not beat directly upon a glass vessel and if all with practical success. Toys, almost, losses by conduction, convection and have been invented which, were they radiation were prevented, the temperaused for commercial purposes, would ture within the vessel would rise to 1,000 prove far too costly to be practicable. It degrees Fahrenheit. The heat losses was toward the commercial use of the were prevented by a theoretically perfect sun-power plant that Mr. Shuman bent system of insulation, but this, of course, all his efforts. was impossible for commercial purposes, To achieve his end meant high effi because of the immense cost. ciency at a low cost of installation and found, however, that by the use of welloperation and with a length of service known and cheap forms of heat insulawhich would not mąke deter- tion sufficient loss could be prevented to ioration a fac tor. It produce practical power at almost no cost. meant a plant so de The production of steam by atmosvised that it would pheric pressure keeps the temperature not be unduly affected down to 212 degrees Fahrenheit. If by wind and weather there were no steam produced, the heat and so divided that if would rise to 395 Fahrenheit in latitude one section broke 40 north and possibly to 400 degrees down it might be re Fahrenheit near the equator. Whatever paired with out af excess steam is produced can be, of fecting the oper- course, utilized. ation of the other With these matters determined, Mr. sections. The invent- Shuman commenced his practical experior bent his ef forts to ments. He built three generators. The It was THE SUN-POWER PLANT IN ACTION. It is pumping three thousand gallons of water a minute to a height of thirty-three feet. The practicability of the invention is therefore apparent. |