at the various forts throughout the country—and terminating with the new War College where the educational course is rounded out with the most advanced instruction.

The object of this whole educational system, and especially, the final goal, the War College, is to elevate the standard of professional attainment in our military establishment, to make study profitable and popular among the officers, and to encourage men of genius to develop their talent along any lines in which they may show especial proficiency. Of late years it has become increasingly apparent that the vocation of army officer must be considered one of the learned professions, and there has been a growing realization of the need for the higher technical efficiency which the new War College will supply.

Any discussion of the new War College and the preparatory schools which will serve as stepping stones for its officer-students should perhaps be prefaced by the explanation that very excellent work, if rather limited in scope, has been done by the special military schools which. have been maintained by Uncle Sam for some years past. Reference is made to the school for cavalry and infantry established by General Sherman at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas; the school for infantry and field artillery established by General Sheridan at Fort Riley, Kansas; and the artillery school at Fortress Mon

roe, founded by General Schofield. The only fault that could be found with these schools was that they were detached institutions, characterized by no uniformity of policy. The new educational system for the army, on the other hand, may be compared to a perfectly organized public school system working in nicely fitted grooves. Corresponding in a sense to the primary grades of the public school system are the post schools, all characterized by a uniformity of definite required courses of study. As a prototype of the high school in this comparison we have the new War College where the system of professional book learning will be rounded out by the study of the most complicated problems of military science and national defense.

One of the most important objects of the new War College is to arouse our army officers, through ambition or sense of duty, to more serious and more diligent study. For years past military administrative officials have viewed with dissatisfaction the tendency in the army against study. With the opening of the new War College, however, officers will discover the personal advantages offered to those who take advantage of the opportunities afforded for self-improvement. Only the younger officers will be "ordered" to attend the War College and other schools but since special records are henceforth to be kept of every individual who shows special capacity in

TENT-RAISING DRILL.

school work it is expected that many of the "star pupils" will be officers with whom attendance is not compulsory. In planning the War College and speaking of the rewards of merit to be bestowed Secretary Root said: "Although under the law meritorious service cannot be rewarded by increase of pay or rank below

the grade of general it may receive the reward and recognition and honor and opportunity to which it is entitled.'

The provision in conjunction with the War College of a model military post, garrisoned by two battalions of engineers, will enable the instructors at the college to emphasize their teachings as to tactics, campaigning, etc., by means of practical object lessons furnished by seasoned troops. Of all the branches of the army, moreover, the engineer corps is probably best qualified for working out in actual service the various problems which will be presented to the studentofficers wrestling with the science of handling bodies of men in war operations. America's position as a world power renders this necessary.

line, for wall paper, carpet or rug patterns. The outlines of star, letters, figures or other patterns are cut out and placed on the photographic sensitive plate, then metallic oxide, starch or other fine powder is sifted over the sensitive surface of the plate, after which the pattern is taken from the plate, leaving the tracings of the openings on the same, the exposure to the electric discharge being made in a dark room, and the sensitive plate developed as in the case of ordinary negatives exposed to sunlight or other light in a camera.

With these electric photographs no camera is required, as the plate with the outline in fine powder is placed on a metal foil-tin foil or lead foil being employed-joined to the outer coating of one of the Leyden jars of a frictional machine. The other jar of the static machine has its outer coating connected to a point placed in the middle of the tracing perpendicularly to the sensitive

A BEAUTIFUL FIGURE OF REMARKABLE SYMMETRY.

surface. The electric static machine then has its two poles connected to the inner coatings of each jar respectively, a screen being provided for protecting the surface of the photographic plate from the discharge of sparks at the machine.

As will be noted from the accompanying illustrations, unique and most interesting photographic prints are obtained from the negatives after development, the designs being varied according to the patterns used, the arrangement of the powder, the strength of the current and the form of metallic conductors employed. It is maintained that the tension of the current makes a great difference in the results obtained as well as the temperature and dryness or moisture in the atmosphere.

Some most important investigations have been made of electric fields by this photographic process of Dr. Stephane Leduc. Images of electric spectra have been obtained by photographing silent