to Haneman idiots; affirm that effect is not equal to cause; advancing laws and rules in medicine which, if applied to ordinary business transactions would soon elect us to prominent places in the county poor house; if to regulations in diet, would soon place us on exhibition as notable cases of dead or living skeletons; and if to matters of theology or Christianity, would make us the most Godless and soulless of all our maker's creatures."

Gentlemen of the medical profession-prepare to do honor to the true science of medicine. Learn well its law and principles, obey the mandates of its ethics, and wage eternal warfare on all systems of quackery that seek to undermine its secure foundations. What, though quackery and empiricism flourish for the hour! Why heed the puny efforts of Homeopathy and its kindred delusions to divert the stream of science from its accustomed channels? They are but dreams and shadows_visions springing from human credulity and human curiosity. Where are their temples and their monuments? Where their literature-their contributions to science? Where their commissions-where the demands made upon them to elucidate the high problems of life and and its dependencies--where their multiplied claims upon humanity? No answer comes back through the ages of the past—no voice of the present responds. Whilst true science rears its column high above the crawling things that creep about its base, the names carved in its monumental granite stand out as sharply as ever across the centuries, defying all the puny efforts of sciolists, of isms, and pathies, and self-styled reformers, to deface them. Their mad flights against the imposing column of true medicine but insures their complete destruction, as"The feeble sea-birds, blinded in the storms,

On some tall light-house dash their little forms,

And the rude granite scatters for their pains,
Those small deposits that were meant for brains;
Yet the proud fabric in the morning's sun

Stands all unconscious of the mischief done;
Still the red beacon pours its evening rays
For the lost pilot, with as full a blaze—
Nay, shines, all radiance, o'er the scattered fleet
Of gulls and boobies brainless at its feet.

'I tell their fate, though courtesy disclaims
To call our kind by such ungentle names;
Yet, if your rashness bid you vainly dare,
Think of their doom, ye simple, and beware!

"See, where aloft its hoary forehead rears

The towering pride of twice a thousand years!
Far, far below the vast incumbent pile
Sleeps the gray rock from Art's Ægian isle;
Its massive courses, circling as they rise,
Swell from the waves to mingle with the skies!
There every quarry lends its marble spoil,
And clustering ages blend their common toil;
The Greek, the Roman, reared its ancient walls,
The silent Arab arched its mystic halls.

"In that fair niche, by countless billows laved,
Trace the deep lines that Sydenham engraved:
On yon broad front that breasts the changing swell,
Mark where the ponderous sledge of Hunter fell;
By that square buttress look, where Velpeau stands,
The stone yet warm from his uplifted hands."
There where the Western sun pours down its rays,
And gilds the efforts of more recent days,
Mark that proud column, without flaw or spot,
That Rush has hewn, and Sims and our own Nott,
And say, oh Science! shall thy life-blood freeze
When fluttering folly flaps on walls like these?
No-they will stand through all revolving time,
Firm, imperishable, and sublime!

TUBERCULOSIS AND SCROFULOSIS.

BY E. P. GAINES, M. D., OF MOBILE.

Are Tuberculosis and Scrofulosis convertible terms, or do they imply different conditions of the system? On referring to the literature of the subject, we find that most of the leading authorities decide this question in the affirmative. [See Watson, vol. 2, page 195; Wood, vol. 1, p. 120; see Savoy, Holmes' Surgery, Art. Scrofu., p. 357.] Wood says: "They (that is, tuberculosis and scrofulosis,) are considered as one affection." As Aitken's definition is very thorough, and as I wish to make it a text from which to frame my argument, I will quote it in full :

SCROFULA-Definition.—“A particular morbid condition of the system, attended in active or acute forms of the disease by a persistent increase of temperature, followed by a continuous wasting of the body and the growth of a substance in various tissues and regions, to which the name 'tubercle or 'tuberculous matter' has been applied, or without the deposit of tubercles. These febrile phenomena are associated or preceded with peculiarities of outward appearance during life, and liability to certain diseases, termed 'scrofulous,' such as swelling of the lymphatic glands, and of joints, carious ulceration of bones, frequent and chronic ulcers of the cornea, ophthalmia, abcesses, and cutaneous pustular eruptions, persistent swelling and catarrh of the mucous membrane of the nose, and characteristic thickening and swelling of the upper lip-lesions, which, while they are distinguished by mildness of symptoms, are peculiarly persistent, characterized by specific forms of inflammation or ulceration, and follow on the

application of exciting causes which would have no effect on a healthy person.'

No one can read this definition carefully, thoughtfully, without seeing the great difference in the two conditions mentioned, nor would I want a better definition of tuberculosis than the first part, or of scrofulosis than the second and concluding part. Let us take these two conditions separately, and analyze them.

What is Scrofulosis? If this question were propounded in reference to Tuberculosis, we could answer it very readily. Tuberculosis, or the tuberculous diathesis, the tendency in the system to form a certain anatomical product styled a tubercle. Can we give so definite an explanation of Scrofulosis? If a child is brought to us with enlarged glands we call it "scrofulous." This hyperplasia of the glands is sometimes primary, oftener secondary, to inflammation propagated along their lymphatic vessels-for example, from a cutaneous eruption-but this same irritation may produce like symptoms in a healthy child, and we only come to this conclusion if this state of things should persist. This stubbornness and chronicity is shown in all inflammations, and as observation proved that it occurred in a certain type, or rather in persons having certain characteristics, was called scrofula, not so much as being a disease in itself, as giving character to disease.

Now, authors will take this diseased gland, or glands, and endeavor to show that the softening, suppuration, &c., is the type of what is going on in the lung when affected with tubercles. Dr. Dickson says, in his article on Scrofulosis and Tuberculosis, "that Dr. Flint in his work speaks of the cervical gland as showing you the changes which go on in tubercle," but, says Dickson, there is no tuberculous deposit in a cervical gland. Lloyd tells you very well the changes that occur: There is hyperomia of the gland; it is always an inflamed gland. Prof. Flint himself says tubercle is often deposited independently of inflammation. Now, no cervical gland ever enlarges without inflammation; it becomes sore, it becomes red, and by and by it suppurates. [Studies in Pathology and Therepeutics, by Dr. Dickson, p. 149.

In a paper read before the Medical Society of the County of New York, by Dr. J. Lewis Smith, he says:

The relation of Scrofula to Tuberculosis has attracted much attention, some holding strongly to their identity, others as strongly denying it. We must admit (he goes on to say) that the cells which we find so multiplied in scrofulus hyperplasia of the lymphatic glands, are the same in character as the cells of the tubercle; in other words, the physiological type of the tubercle cell is the lymph cell. But in Scrofula these cells are found only in the glands, while in Tuberculosis they appear not only in these, but in various tissues throughout the system. However, in the gland itself their mode of production is different in the two cases. In strumous hyperplasia the lymph cells are multiplied by segmentation of the cells physiologically belonging to the glands; in tubercle they are produced from nuclei in the connective tissue of the gland.

"Scrofula simply modifies ordinary physiological or pathological processes. In tuberculosis there occurs in the affected tissue a pathological process quite peculiar; there is produced in the connective tissue a cell which never otherwise occurs there."-[N. Y. Medical Journal, April, 1871, pp. 459, 460.

"Flint himself tells you (says Dickson, in the article above referred to,) that tubercular consumption is not of more frequent occurrence in those marked by the inflammation of the cervical glands, who have suffered from scrofula in their youth, than in those who have not suffered in this way. This cervical inflammation is one of the clearest marks of scrofulous tendency, diathesis, constitution; and yet he tells you that tubercular consumption does not occur more frequently in them than in others. Nay, you find those who believe it occurs less in subjects who have suffered from inflammation of the cervical glands. I am of this opinion. The late Dr. Parrish, of this city, hailed the appearance of swelling of the glands as one of the means of added security in such subjects from tuburcular consumption-given the disposition, it had better take this mode of manifestation than the internal. I have lived long enough, and have had generations enough of