Materialism, R. Bryant on, P M Q, July. Medicine (see also Contents of Medical Magazine, Science Progress, Provincial Physicians of the Olden Days, Mrs. J. E. Sinclair on, G M, July. Mithras, by T. H. B. Graham, G M, July. Mosaics: Roman Mosaics, Theo Tracy on, Fr L, July. Mountaineering Memories, by H. Preston-Thomas, Black, July. Nadaud, Martin, J. M. Ludlow on, A M, July. Napoleon I., Life of Napoleon, by W. M. Sloane, C M, July. Nationalism: First Steps in Nationalism, by S. Schindler, A, June. Natural History (see also Contents of Journal of Microscopy, Knowledge, Vignettes from Nature, by Richard Jefferies, Long, July. The Navy and the Colonies, by H. O. Arnold-Forster, New R, July. Cox, Kenyon, and Others on, NAR, June. Dana, Dr. C. L., on, F, June. Norm indy Watering Places, Min, July. Norwich Palace, Precentor Venables on, Sun M, July. Onslow, Lord, in New Zealand; Interview, by "Constance Eaglestone," Str, Oratory: College Oratory in the West of America, R R A, June. Pacific Ocean: The Mystery of the Pacific, by W. H. O. Smeaton, WR, July. Underground Jerusalem, Charles Harris on, Ata, July. The Water Supply of Jerusalem, Rev. W. Preston on, Q, July. Paris, see under France. Parkhurst, Rev. C. H., Character Sketch of, by W. B. Murray, O D, June. At Last! The Parliamentary Crisis, Black, July. From the Lobby of the House of Commons, Mac, July. The Conservative Programme of Social Reform, Sir J. Gorst on, N C, July. The British House of Commons, Marcus J. Wright on, A, June. Pauperism and the Poor Law: Indoor v. Outdoor Relief, by W. Chance, Nat R. July. Peace and Disarmament: War and Peace, and Baroness von Suttner's " Lay Pepperrell, Sir William, Victoria Reed on, NE M, June. Photography, see Contents of Photogram, Wilson's Photographic Magazine. l'ipes, J. Cassidy on, G M, July. Pitman, John, Alice M. Earle on, NE M, June. Political Economy (see also Contents of Economic Journal, Journal of Sentimentalism and Political Economy, by W. Kirkus, New W, June. Post Office: Ten Years' Postal Progress, J. Henniker Heaton on, CR, July. Psychical Research: Some Results, by J. Golfrey Raupert, H, July. Race-Problems: Before and after Emancipation in South Carolina, by E. Railways: The British Railway System, Ernest E. Williams on, New R, July. Recreation, Physiology of, by C. Roberts, C R, July. Restraint, Philosophy of, by G. Newcomen, NIR, July. Ritschl, Albrecht, P M Q. July. Rome, see under Italy. Rosebery, Earl of, W H, July. Rossetti, Christina G., M. Johnson on, P M Q, July. Ruskin, John, Egbert Rydings on, Y M, July. His Letters to Chesneau, W. G. Kingsland on, P L, June. Russell, Charles, Editor of the Glasgow Herald, F. Dolman on, Y M, July. English Influence in Russia, P. Boborykine on, CR, July. Sanitation (see also Contents of Public Health): Past and Ideal Sanitation, Sir B. W. Richardson on, Long, July. Schamyl; A Forgotten Caucasian Hero, Mac, July. Science (see also Contents of Science Progress, etc.): Scotland: Scotch Disestablishment, R. Butler on, New R, July. The Religiosity of the Scot, by James Leatham, WR, July. Scott, Sir Walter, The Waverley Novels-After Sixty Years, D. F. Hannigan on, WR, July. Sein, Ile de, and the Druids, T B, July. Settlements of London, Rev. T. C. Collings on, L H, July. Shakespeare: Is "Hamlet" a Consistent Creation? by J. M. Robertson, Free R, July. "Romeo and Juliet," E. Benson on, New R, July. Shame and Modesty, by R. Bruce Boswell, Free R. July. Shelley, Percy B., and Lerici, Italy, Marie Walsh on, Fr L, July. Do Boys Go to Sea? by F. M. Holmes, C F M, July. The London Shipping Exchange, F. Dolman on, Lud M, July. Shuttleworth's (Prof. Henry) Work among Young Men, J. Milne on, Sun M. July. Slums: The Only Cure for Slums, by E. R. L. Gould, F, June. Smith, Sydney, and Combe Florey, Somerset, by J. Le Warden Page, P M M. Smith (W. H.) and Son's Bookstalls, Wm. C. Preston on, G W, July. How to Deal with the Social Purity Question, by Rev. W. J. Ward, H, July. Stamford Bridge, Battle of, 1066, Darcy Lever on, G M, July. Stevenson, Joseph, Rev. J. A. Robertson on, Scots. July. Stevenson, Robert L., Personal Memories of, by Eimund Gosse, C M, July. A Cable Post, J. Henniker Heaton on, NAR, June. At Hasel Hill, Nova Scotia; an Atlantic Cable Station, by R. Belfort, W M, Temperance and the Liquor Traffic: Liquor, Land, and Labour, FR, July. The Coffee-House as a Rival of the Saloon, by I. W. Howerth, A M C, June. A Model Public-House at Hampt n Lucy, by A. Shadwell, Nat R, July. Thackeray's (W. M.) London, T B, July. Theatres and the Drama (see also Contents of Theatre): Death on the Stage, Rev. S. Baring-Gould oa, G W, July. Theosophy, see Contents of Lucifer. Thompson, Mrs. Bowen. Rev. A. R. Buckland on, Sun M, July. Turkey, Sultan Ablul Hamil of, and the Powers, by Moulvie Rafi iddia Undesirable Information, E. F. Benson on, CR, July. United States (see also American People, Labour, Journalism, Education, Libraries, Armies, Social Purity, Race-Problems, Architecture, Oratory; and Cape Cod, New York, Portland): The Future of the Unite 1 States, L. B. Silway on, I R, June. The Financial Issue in Ninety-Six, A. J. Warner on, A M C, June. The Growth of American Export Trade, T. A. Eldy and Carl Schurz on, Mr. Bland and a New Party, A, June. Why Municipal Reform is a Failure, by C. E. Burton, A M C, June, The Future of the Great Arid West of America, E. V. Smalley on, F, June. A History of the Last Quarter-Century in the United States, by E. B. Universities (see also Education): College Finances, C. F. Thwing on, F, June. A Member of Parliament for the University, by Thomas Hodgins, Can M. Against Oxford Degrees for Women, by Prof. T. Case, F R, July The University of Pennsylvania, F. N. Thorpe on, Harp, July. Valparaiso, May Crommelin on, L H, July. Venezuela Englan, and the Monroe Doctrine, by Henry C. Lodge, NAR, June. The Church in Wales, Bishop of St. Asaph on, N C, July. Recent Disestablishment Fictions, by Bishop of St. Asaph, Nat R, July. Watson's (William) Serious Verse, Laurie Magnus on, Black, July. Wealth, Future of, by F. W. Hayes, Free R, July. Webster, Daniel, against Napoleon, C M, July. Whist in America, F. W. Crane on, Cos, June. Whittier, John G., Brander Matthews on, St N, July. Wilberforce, Bishop, and Dr. Pusey, R. G. Wilberforce on, N C, July. Williams, Dr. Samuel, M. A. Green on, NE M, June. Wills, T B, July. Wilson, C. H., F. Dolman on, E I, July. Woman's Part in Political Sins, by Ella W. Winston, A M C, June. The New Womanhool, H. H. Boyesen on, Lipp, July. Women of Note, Lud M, July. Ladies of Edinburgh, Mrs. S. A. Tooley on, W H, July. American Wives, Mrs. Haweis on, Y W, July. The Present Condition of Muhammedan Women in Turkey, Richard Davey on, FR, July. Zebehr Pasha, Sir W. T. Marriott on, F R, July. Zoo: The Monkey-House at the Zoo, by F. Miller, E I, July. THE RIGHT HON. JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, M.P. FROM A PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IN MARCH, 1893, BY MESSES. RUSSEI L AND SONS. The General Election. LONDON, August 1st, 1895. The electors having got a chance, have sent the Liberals packing. The General Election, which opened on July 13th, and is now virtually over, converted a Liberal majority of 28 at the Dissolution into a Conservative majority of 152. With the exception of Ireland, where the Home Rulers succeeded in slightly improving their position, every part of the United Kingdom showed that the pendulum was swinging heavily in the direction of Conservatism. The Liberals suffered a net loss of six seats in Wales, 11 in Scotland, and 81 in England. The net Liberal majority in Scotland has been pulled down to six, while in England the Liberals are outnumbered three to one. The predominant partner has put his foot down with emphasis, and, for the duration of this Parliament, he will stand no nonsense in the shape of Home Rule. That the General Election would result in a Liberal overthrow was seen by every one before the polls opened, and by none more clearly than by The Extent of From the Westminster Gazette.] portional representation to have converted what was a Liberal majority of forty in 1892 into a minority of five in 1895. If the Conservatives had been cursed with the burden of a granted prayer, and One Vote One Value had really been conceded, the 2,370,000 who voted Liberal would have returned 333 members, while the 2,407,000 electors who voted Conservative would have been represented by 337 members.* the Liberals themselves. What no one expected, least of all the Liberals, was that the result of the ballot could leave them in so woful a minority. Even if the party managers could have the Liberal accurately foreseen the number of electors Reverse. who would fill in their ballot papers for the Liberals and Conservatives respectively, that would have afforded them no clue whatever as to the balance of parties in the House of Commons. It would indeed have been the most misleading factor in their calculations. The transfer of 100,000 votes, or a little over 2 per cent. of the total number voting, from the Liberals to the Conservatives, ought on strict principles of pro [July 18, 1895. What has happened, therefore, is that there has been a small but decided swing of the pendulum in the constituencies, which has produced a change in the House of Commons altogether out of proportion to the actual shifting of force in the electorate. The Liberals have to account for a reverse; they certainly have not to account for any cataclysmal catastrophe. The moral Why it has been effect of the exaggerated. Conservative victories has been strengthened by the series of disasters which befell the leaders of the Liberal army. At no previous General Election have so many officers been picked off. Sir William Harcourt was rejected at Derby, Mr. John Morley at Newcastle, Mr. Shaw Lefevre at Bradford, and Mr. Arnold Morley at Nottingham. Each of the Cabinet Ministers had a subordinate member of the Administration not of the Cabinet dispatched to keep him company, as the Ashantee kings when they die are provided with an escort into the invisible world by the slaughter of their wives and followers, * I take these figures from the Westminster Gazette. It is extremely difficult to divide the number of electors between the parties fairly, but it would be impossible to adopt a fairer rule than that which Mr. Cook has laid down. Labour votes, except where the Labour candidate was the only Home Ruler in the field, have not been counted. In the case of the uncontested elections those of the list available contest have been substituted, except in a few constituencies which have not been contested at all of late years. In these constituencies two-thirds of 75 per cent. of the electorate have been given to the side in possession, and one-third to the other. According to the statistician of the Times the balance of voting strength in Great Britain is as follows:-Unionists, 2,267,000; Home Rulers, 2,012,000; representing a turn over of 110,000 votes from one side to the other in three years. Of the ex-Cabinet Ministers only two represent English constituencies. Mr. Campbell Bannerman, Mr. Asquith, and Sir George Trevelyan all sit for Scotch seats. The effect of the Ministerial hecatomb was increased by the tremendous defeats which the Liberals suffered in two such vital centres as Lancashire and London. In the capital of the Empire the Liberals had a net loss of fifteen seats. In Lancashire, a county of which it used to be said "what Lancashire thinks to-day England will think to-morrow," the Liberals lost eight seats net, converting a Liberal majority of three into a Conservative majority of thirteen. When the Liberals were reeling under such Thor-hammer blows of adversity, it is not so very surprising that many people should be talking as if the Liberal party had been swept off the slate altogether. R.I.P. [July 26, 1895. votes from one side to the other, but for the death and burial of all the Liberal rank and file. It is a pity that those politicians who have been so busy accounting for the Liberal defeat did not recall the familiar story of the thirty-four reasons which the governor of the city had prepared to excuse the omission of a royal salute on the arrival of his sovereign, but which were abruptly cut off after the first item, which set forth he had no guns. There was no necessity to go through the rest of the thirty-three reasons, and one feels much the same when listening to the current explanations of the Liberal defeat. The first reason is quite sufficient, and there is no need to go further in accounting for the very small change of the party vote than the fact which I stated in these pages some months ago, long before the ballot boxes were opened. |