Iron and steel manufacturing: Comparative summary, 1870 to 1905, with per cent of increase for each decade. (1) [From the United States Census.] The 1 This summary includes only active establishments for 1880, 1890, and 1900; such establishments were not reported separately in 1870. 669 establishments in 1900 and the 606 establishments in 1905 include in each case 1 penal institution, the figures for which are not included in Parts I and II of the Report on Manufactures. 2 For explanation of the apparent discrepancies in the data for 1870 and 1880, see remarks, page 2, Part I, Manufacturing Industries, 1800, In regard to the depreciated currency in 1870; and in regard to the inclusion of capital, employees, and wages relating to mining and other operations in the figures for 1880, see page 745, Statistics of Manufactures, 1880. World's Production of Pig Iron from 1800 to 1907. This table is given with the purpose of enabling a comparison of the growth of pig iron consumption in Great Britain under free trade with that of the protective countries, France, Germany and the United States. The world's production of pig iron from 1800 to 1907. 13,620,000 9,421,000 8,013,000 2,302,000 5,001,000 30,857,000 5,267,000 32,930,000 35,872,030 40,055,000 1900_ 13,789,000 8,960,000 8,384,000 1901. 15,878,000 7,929,000 1902. 2,671,000 7,754,000 2,351,000 8,395,000 2,367,000 9,860,000 2,796,000 9,899,000 2,927,000 7,322,000 45,339,000 9,608,000 10,703,000 3,028,000 7,539,000 53,900,000 25,307,000 10,109,000 12,099,000 3,267,000 7,360,000 58,142,000 25,781,000 3,532,000 7,591,000 *50,500,000 6,686,000 40,490,000 *Preliminary estimate. Note.-Official figures of the respective national statistical offices of the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and France. Figures for all other countries taken from the French and Swedish Mineral Statistics. Every man who has made wealth or used it in developing great legitimate business enterprises has been of benefit and not harm to the country at large.-President Roosevelt at Spokane, Wash., May 26, 1903. The exposure and punishment of public corruption is an honor to a nation, not a disgrace. The disgrace lies in toleration, not in correction.-President Roosevelt's annual message, second session Fifty-seventh Congress. or Whenever the Government revenues need an increase readjustment I should strongly favor the imposition of a graduated inheritance tax and, if necessary for the revenues, a change in the Constitution authorizing a Federal income tax.-Hon. Wm. H. Taft, at Columbus, Ohio. Every citizen of the United States has an interest and a right in every election within the Republic where national representatives are chosen. We insist that these laws relating to our national elections shall be enforced, not nullified.-President Garfield. The real evils connected with the trusts can not be remedied by any change in the tariff laws. The trusts can be damaged by depriving them of the benefits of a protective tariff only on condition of damaging all their smaller competitors and all the wage-earners employed in the industry. President Roosevelt, at Cincinnati, September 20, 1902. Mr. Bryan is continually asking why some of the managers of unlawful trusts have not been convicted and sent to the penitentiary? I sympathize with him in his wish that this may be done, because I think that the imprisonment of one or two would have a most healthy effect throughout the country; but even without such imprisonment, I believe that the prosecutions which are now on foot and the injunctions which have already been issued have had a marked effect on business methods.-Hon. Wm. H Taft, at Columbus, Ohio. One vital, dominating fact confronts the Democratic party which no oratory, which no eloquence, which no rhetoric can obscure: BRYAN'S NOMINATION MEANS TAFT'S ELECTION.-New York World. AGRICULTURE. Agricu!tural Prosperity Under Republican Administration, Depression Under Democratic Rule. The farmers of the country create most of its wealth and, during the last eighteen years, sent abroad 65 per cent of our exports in addition to producing much of the material from which manufactures are made that are used at home and abroad. The Republican administration has greatly developed agricultural investigation in the last eleven years, until scientific inquiry is being made in all our States and Territories and in the isles of the sea under our flag, to the end that we may produce the necessities of life for ourselves and those for whom we are responsible. The power of the man and the acre to produce is being increased all over the land; new grains, grasses, legumes, fruits, fibers, and vegetables are being imported from foreign countries into continental United States and into our islands in order to diversify crops and bring into productiveness sections of our country that have heretofore been barren. The weather, the animals, the plants,the forests, the soils, our roads our foods, our insect friends and enemies are being studied from the farmer's standpoint by over 2,000 scientists in the Department of Agriculture, which has grown in helpfulness every day since 1896. The farm value of the wheat, corn, and oat crops in 1907 was nearly two and one-half times that of 1896, the last year of the Cleveland administration. This is rather a startling statement, but it is borne out by the Yearbook published by the Department of Agriculture, and made up from official figures which have no partisan bias. For the year 1896 the farm value of corn was $491,000,000; that of the wheat crop, $311,000,000; and that of the oat crop $132,000,000; the total farm value of the three crops for that year being $934,000,000. The farm value of the corn crop in 1900 was $751,000,000; that of the wheat crop, $323,500,000; and that of the oat crop, $208,700,000, making the total farm value of the three crops in 1900 $1,283,000,000, or $349,000,000 more than the farm value of the same crops in 1896. In 1907 the farm value of the corn crop was $1,337,000,000; that of the wheat crop, $554,400,000; and that of the oat crop, $334,600,000; a total farm value of the three crops in 1907 of $2,226,000,000, or $943,000,000 more than the farm value of the same crops in 1900; and $1,292,000,000 more than their farm value in 1896. Increase in Farm Values. . This increase in farm value under Republican administrations is not accidental. It is a matter of history that rural prosperity and Republican rule are coincident; it is equally a matter of record that agricultural depression, mortgage foreclosures, and low prices for farm products accompany Democratic administration of national affairs. The prosperity of the farmer depends upon the prosperity of all other industrial elements of our population. When the industrial classes are employed at American wages their consumption of farm products is on a liberal scale and they are able and willing to pay good prices for the necessities and luxuries of life. Under such conditions there is a good market for all the farmer has to sell. When the reverse is true and the workmen are idle or working scant time at cut wages, they are forced to practice pinching economy and the farmer necessarily loses part of his market. The American farmer is prosperous when well paid |