"We favor the immediate construction, ownership, and control of the Nicaraguan canal by the United States, and we denounce the insincerity of the plank in the Republican national platform for an Isthmian canal in the face of the failure of the Republican majority to pass the bill pending in Congress.

"We condemn the Hay-Pauncefote treaty as a surrender of American rights and interests not to be tolerated by the American people.

"We denounce the failure of the Republican party to carry out its pledges to grant statehood to the Territories of Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma, and we promise the people of those Territories immediate statehood, and home rule during their condition as Territories; and we favor home rule and a Territorial form of government for Alaska and Porto Rico.

"We favor an intelligent system of improving the arid lands of the west, storing the waters for the purpose of irrigation, and the holding of such lands for actual settlers.

"We favor the continuance and strict enforcement of the Chinese Exclusion law, and its application to the same classes of all Asiatic

races.

"Jefferson said: 'Peace, commerce, and honest friendship with all nations, entangling alliances with none.' We approve this wholesome doctrine and earnestly protest against the Republican departure which has involved us in so-called world politics, including the diplomacy of Europe and the intrigue and land-grabbing of Asia, and we especially condemn the ill-concealed Republican alliance with England, which must mean discrimination against other friendly nations and which has already stifled the nation's voice while liberty is being strangled in Africa.

"Believing in the principles of self-government and rejecting, as did our forefathers, the claim of monarchy, we view with indignation the purpose of England to overwhelm with force the South African republics. Speaking, as we believe, for the entire American nation, except its Republican office-holders, and for all the free men everywhere, we extend our sympathies to the heroic burghers in their unequal struggle to maintain their liberty and independence.

HISTORY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK

"We denounce the lavish appropriations of recent Republican Congresses, which have kept taxes high and which threaten the perpetuation of the oppressive war levies. We oppose the accumulation of a surplus to be squandered in such barefaced frauds upon the taxpayers as the Shipping Subsidy bill, which, under the false pretense of fostering American shipbuilding, would put unearned millions into the pockets of favorite contributors to the Republican campaign fund. We favor the reduction and speedy repeal of the war taxes, and a return to the time-honored Democratic policy of strict economy in governmental expenditures.

"Believing that our most cherished institutions are in great peril, that the very existence of our constitutional republic is at stake, and that the decision now to be rendered will determine whether or not our children are to enjoy those blessed privileges of free government which have made the United States great, prosperous, and honored, we earnestly ask for the foregoing declaration of principles the hearty support of the liberty-loving American people, regardless of previous party affiliations."

Other Parties

People's Party.-Convention held in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, May 9-10, 1900. For President, William J. Bryan. The convention nominated for VicePresident Charles A. Towne, of Minnesota, who in the summer withdrew in the interest of complete fusion with the Democratic party. Adlai E. Stevenson, the Democratic candidate for Vice-President, was thereupon nominated by the national committee of the People's party.

People's Party, "Middle-of-the-Road" Bolters.Convention held in Cincinnati, May 9-10, 1900. For President, Wharton Barker, of Pennsylvania; for VicePresident, Ignatius Donnelly, of Minnesota.

Chester A. Arthur, 21st president; born at Fairfield, Vt., October 5, 1830; lawyer; teacher; engineer and chief of staff of Governor Edwin D. Morgan; appointed by President Grant collector of the port of New York, 1871; removed for political reasons, July 11, 1878; elected vice president, 1880; became president September 20, 1881, upon the death of President Garfield; died in New York City, November 18, 1886.

Silver Republican Party.-Convention held in Kansas City, July 4-6. For President, William J. Bryan; for Vice-President, Adlai E. Stevenson.

Prohibition Party.-Convention held in Chicago, June 27-28, 1900. For President, John G. Woolley, of Illinois; for Vice-President, Henry B. Metcalf, of Rhode Island.

Socialist Labor Party.-Convention held in New York, June 2-8. For President, Joseph Francis Malloney, of Massachusetts; for Vice-President, Valentine Remmel, of Pennsylvania.

Social Democratic Party of the United States.Convention held in Rochester, New York, January 27, 1900. For President, Job Harriman, of California; for Vice-President, Max S. Hayes, of Ohio.

Social Democratic Party of America.-Convention held in Indianapolis, March 6, 1900. For President, Eugene V. Debs, of Indiana; for Vice-President, Job Harriman, of California.

Union Reform Party.-Convention held in Baltimore, September 3. For President, Seth W. Ellis, of Ohio; for Vice-President, Samuel T. Nicholson, of Pennsylvania. This party restricted its program to a demand for "direct legislation under the system known as the initiative and referendum."

The Election

Electoral vote for President and Vice-President: William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt, Republicans:California, 9; Connecticut, 6; Delaware, 3; Illinois, 24; Indiana, 15; Iowa, 13; Kansas, 10; Maine, 6; Maryland, 8; Massachusetts,