20 And he [answered and] said unto them, It is one of the twelve, that dippeth with me in the dish. 21 cc The Son of man indeed goeth, as it is written of him: but woe to that man by whom the Son of man is betrayed: good were it for that man if he had never been born. 22 And as e1 Cor. xi. 23. they did eat, d Jesus took bread, and blessed, and brake it, and gave to them, and said, Take [dd, eat]: this is my body. 23 And he took the cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them: and they all drank of it. 24 And he said unto them, This is my blood of the [new] testament, which is shed for many. 25 Verily I say unto you, I will drink no more of the fruit of the vine, until that day that I drink it new in the kingdom of God. 26 And when they had sung an hymn, they went out into the mount of Olives. 27 And Jesus saith unto them, All ye shall be offended [ because of me this night] for it is written, I will smite dZzcz. xiii. 7. the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered. 28 But * after that I am risen, I will go before you into Galilee, e ch. xvi. 7. 29 But Peter said unto him, i Although all shall be offended, yet will not I. 30 And Jesus saith unto him, Verily I say unto thee, That this day, even in this night, before the cock crow twice, thou shalt deny me thrice. 31 But he spake the more vehemently, If I ii should die with thee, I will not deny thee in any wise. Likewise also said they all. 32 And they came to a place which was named Gethsemane and he saith to his disciples, Sit ye here, while I comit. cc several ancient authorities read, Because the Son of man read, he. d dd omit, as in all the most ancient authorities, and read, Take [this]. omit: better render in consequence, covenant, instead of testament. for, being shed. g omit. h render, scattered abroad: the word is the same as in Matt. xxvi. 31. read, even if. i son, but give pathos to the contrast which follows. 20.] This description of the traitor here again does not seem to designate one especially, nor to describe an action at that moment proceeding, but, as before, pathetically to describe the near relation of the betrayer to the Betrayed. Now however the relation pointed out is still closer than before-it is that of one dipping in the same dish-one of those nearest and most trusted. 22-25.] INSTITUTION OF THE LORD'S SUPPER. Matt. xxvi. 26-29. Luke xxii. 19, 20. 1 Cor. xi. 23-25. See notes on Matthew. ii render, must. ALL 26-31.] DECLARATION THAT SHOULD FORSAKE HIM. CONFIDENCE OF PETER. Matt. xxvi. 30-35 (see Luke xxii. 31-34, and notes there). Our account is almost verbatim the same as that in Matthew, where see notes. The few differences are there commented on. 30.] Notice the climax: this day, but not only this in this night, the part of it now present: nor only so, but before the cock crow twice, i. e. long before the night is 31.] spake the more vehemently-the original implies, went on repeating superabundantly. over. 32-42.] OUR LORD'S AGONY AT shall pray. g Rom. viii. 15. him. 36 And he said, Gal. iv. 6. h Heb. v. 7. i John v. 30: vi. 38. Gal. v. 17. 1 John xiii. 1. m John xviii. 1, 2. f John xii. 27. heavy; 3 and saith unto them, 'My soul is exceeding sorrowful unto death: tarry ye here, and watch. 35 And he went forward a little, and fell on the ground, and prayed that, if it were possible, the hour might pass from Abba, Father, hall things are possible unto thee; take away this cup from me i nevertheless not what I will, but what thou wilt. 37 And he cometh, and findeth them sleeping, and saith unto Peter, Simon, sleepest thou? couldest not thou watch one hour? 38 Watch ye and pray, lest ye jenter into temptation. k Rom. vil. 23. k The spirit truly is jj ready, but the flesh is weak. 39 And again he went away, and prayed, and spake the same words. 40 And when he returned, he found them asleep again; for their eyes were heavy; neither wist they what to answer him. 41 And he cometh the third time, and saith unto them, Sleep on now, and take your rest: it is enough, the hour is come; behold, the Son of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners. 42 m Rise up, let us go; lo, he that betrayeth me is at hand. 43 And immediately, while he yet spake, cometh kk Judas, 1 one of the twelve, and with him a [great] multitude, with swords and staves, from the chief priests and the scribes and the elders. he that betrayed him had given them a token, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he; take him, and lead him away safely. 45 And as soon as he was come, he goeth straightway to him, and saith, m Master, master; and j read, come. jj render, willing: it is the same word as in Matt. xxvi. 41. k read, coming again: omitting again below. kk read, Judas Iscariot. 1 many ancient authorities read, being one. m render, Rabbi, Rabbi. GETHSEMANE. Matt. xxvi. 36-46. Luke xxii. 39-46 (see John xviii. 1). The same remarks apply here also. Notice the graphic sore amazed, and see note on ch. ix. 15, where the same word is used in the original. St. Matthew has to be sorrowful. 36.] Abba is the familiar and endearing appellation for Father. It is an Aramaic form, and after St. Mark's manner inserted, as Ephphatha,' ch. vii. 34,- Talitha cumi,' ch. v. 41. Father is not given as the interpretation of Abba, but came to be attached to it in one phrase as a form of address: see the refer39.] the same words, not verbatim, but in substance: see in Matthew. 41.] it is enough: viz. your watch ences. 33.] 44 And 11 omit. ing with Me. The Lord had no need of it any more, now that the hour had come : not, as some, it is enough of sleep this, as Meyer observes, is refuted by the sleep on now. 43-52.] BETRAYAL AND APPREHENSION OF JESUS. Matt. xxvi. 47-56. Luke xxii. 47-53. 44. lead him away safely] It does not quite appear whether safely is to be subjectively taken, with confidence;' or objectively, in safety.' Some suppose that it has an ironical meaningq. d. He will know how to rescue himself -take care that you keep Him safe.' This of course depends upon the view taken of the whole character and purpose of Judas, on which see notes at Matt. xxvi. 14 and Isa. liii. 7. o Ps. lxxxviii. 8. ver. 27. mm kissed him. 46 And they laid their hands on him, and took him. 47 And one of them that stood by drew na sword, and smote a servant of the high priest, and cut off his ear. 48 And Jesus answered and said unto them, P Are ye come out, as against a thief, with swords and with staves to take me? 49 I was daily with you in the temple teaching, and ye took me not: but the scriptures must be n Ps. xxii. 6. fulfilled. 50° And they all forsook him, and fled. 51 And there followed him a certain young man, having a linen cloth cast about his naked body; and the young men laid hold on him: 52 and he left the linen cloth, and fled from them naked. 53 And they led Jesus away to the high priest and with him were assembled all the chief priests and the elders and the scribes. 54 And Peter followed him afar off, even into the palace of the high priest: and he sat with the servants, and warmed himself at the fire. 55 And the chief priests and all the council sought for witness against Jesus to put him to death; and found none. 56 For many bare false witness against him, y but their witness agreed not together. 57 And there arose certain, and bare false witness against him, saying, 58 We heard him say, I will destroy this temple that is Ph mm see note on Matt. xxvi. 49. n render, his. John ii. 19. • render, the (the same correction ought to have been made in Matt. xxvi. 51). P Better, both here and in St. Matthew, Ye are interrogation. come out, &c. without a note of I render, a robber. render, but that the scriptures may be fulfilled. $ render, with him. u xxvii. 3. t read, they. render, there come together to him. render, even within into. W render, was sitting. I render, warming. y render, and. and had been aroused by the intelligence. The disciples were not laid hold of:-this person perhaps was throwing some obstacle in the way of the removal of Jesus: or he may have been laid hold of merely in wantonness, from his unusual garb. 51.] 45.] Rabbi appears to have been the usual form in which Judas addressed our Lord: see Matt. xxvi. 25. But we must not conclude from this with Bengel, that he never seems to have called Him Lord: see Matt. vii. 21, 22. It is impossible to determine, and therefore idle to enquire, who this was. Epiphanius, in recounting the traditional austerities of James the brother of the Lord, says, "that he never wore a second inner garment, but strictly used one wrapper of linen only, as it says in the Gospel, The young man fled and left the linen cloth with which he was girt." Chrysostom and others supposed it to have been St. John: and there have been other conjectures. It seems to have been some attached disciple of the Lord (probably well known to the readers of Mark), who had gone to his nightly rest, 53-65.] HEARING BEFORE CAIAPHAS. Matt. xxvi. 57-68. [Luke xxii. 54, 63 — 65.] John xviii. 24. See throughout notes on Matthew. 53.] high priestCaiaphas, de facto, and in the view of our narrator:-so Matthew and Luke: but Jesus was first taken before Annas, who was de jure the high priest: see John xviii. 12-23. 56.] their witness agreed not together-literally, their testimonies were not equal, i. e. consistent with one another. It was necessary that two witnesses should agree. Deut. xvii. 6. 57.] certain,-two: see Matthew. q Isa. liii. 7. made with hands, and within three days I will build another made without hands. 59 But neither so did their witness agree together. 60 And the high priest stood up in the midst, and asked Jesus, saying, Answerest thou nothing? what is it which these witness against thee? 61 But he held his peace, and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked him, and said unto him, Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed? 62 And Jesus said, I r Matt.xxiv.80. am: I and ye shall see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven. 63 Then the high priest rent his clothes, and saith, What need we any further witnesses? 64 Ye have heard the blasphemy: what think ye? And they all condemned. him to be guilty of death. 65 And some began to spit on him, and to cover his face, and to buffet him, and to say unto him, Prophesy: and the servants did strike him with the palms of their hands. 66 And as Peter was beneath in the palace, there cometh one of the maids of the high priest: 67 and when she saw Peter warming himself, she looked upon him, and said, And thou also wast with Jesus of Nazareth. 68 But he denied, saying, a I know not, neither understand I what thou sayest. And he went out into the porch; and the cock crew. 69 And ba maid saw him [again], and began to say to them that stood by, This is one of them. 70 And he denied it again. And a little after, they that stood by Z render, with. 58.] We and I are emphatic. The allusion is probably to Dan. ii. 34. 59.] Perhaps the inconsistency of these testimonies may be traced in the different reports here and in Matthew. 80,in asserting this'-i. e. they varied in the terms in which it was expressed. 60.1 On the most probable punctuation and construction, see note on Matthew, ver. 62. 61.] the Blessed in Hebrew, the ordinary Name for God. "This is the only place in the N. T. where the well-known Name constantly used by the Rabbis is thus absolutely given." Meyer. 62.] The "henceforth" of Matthew, and "from this time" of Luke are here omitted. 63.] his clothes, literally, his tunics-not his priestly robe, which was worn only in the temple, and when officiating: see on Matthew, ver. 65. The plural perhaps is due to the wearing of two inner garments 66-72.] OUR LORD IS THRICE DENIED BY PETER. Matt. xxvi. 69-75. Luke xxii. 56-62. John xviii. 17, 18, 25-27. See the comparative table, and notes, on Matthew. 66.] beneath, because the house was built round the court, and the rooms looked down into it. See note on Matt. xxvi. 69. 68.] Peter's reply is an union of two separate answers, which form the 1st and 2nd in Matthew. 69.] the maid in Matthew "another maid," in Luke" another," but masculine. Meyer does not appear to be justified in asserting that this is necessarily the same maid as before: it might be only the maid S : said again to Peter, Surely thou art one of them for s Acts ii. 7. thou art a Galilæan [e, and thy speech agreeth thereto]. 71 But he began to curse and to swear, saying, I know not this man of whom ye speak. 72 And the second time the cock crew. And Peter called to mind f the word that Jesus said unto him, Before the cock crow twice, thou shalt deny me thrice. And when he thought thereon, he wept. a Acts iii. 13: iv. 26. XV. 1 And straightway in the morning the chief a Ps. ii. 2. priests held a consultation with the elders and scribes, ff and the whole council, and bound Jesus, and carried him away, and delivered him to Pilate. 2 And Pilate asked him, Art thou the King of the Jews? And he answering said unto him, Thou sayest it. 3 And the chief priests accused him of many things: but he answered nothing. And Pilate asked him again, saying, Answerest thou nothing? behold how many things they 88 witness against thee. John xix. 9. 5 b But Jesus yet answered nothing; so that Pilate ba. 7. marvelled. Now hh at that feast he released unto them one prisoner, whomsoever they desired. 7 And there was one named Barabbas, which lay bound with them that had made insurrection [iwith him], ii who had committed murder in the insurrection. 8 And the multitude d render, art also. e omit. crying aloud read, the word, how. ff render, as did the whole council. g read, saith. 58 read, charge. h render, made him no further answer: viz. after that in ver. 2. hh render, at the feast-time. i omit. ii who is plural: better render for perspicuity, striking out the comma, and had committed. k many ancient authorities read, coming up, i.e. thronging up round him. in waiting in the porch: see note on Mat- CHAP. XV. 1-5.] JESUS IS LED AWAY TO PILATE, AND EXAMINED BY HIM. Matt. xxvii, 1, 2, 11-14. Luke xxiii. 1-5. John xviii. 28-38. Our account is very nearly related to that in Matthew: see notes there. 1.] the whole council is a touch of accuracy. From ch. xiv. 53 we know that all were assembled. Lightfoot quotes from Maimonides a precept which declares that of the Sanhedrim of 71 members it is not necessary for business that all be present but when all were specially summoned, attendance was compulsory. 6-15.] BARABBAS PREFERRED ΤΟ HIM. HE IS DELIVERED TO BE CRUCIFIED. Matt. xxii. 15-26. Luke xxiii. 17-25. John xviii. 39, 40. Our account is nearly cognate to, but distinct from that of St. Matthew, where see notes. The principal points of distinction will be noticed. 7.] The circumstance that Barabbas was one of a set of murderers, shewn by the them that had made, and the plural who (see margin), is peculiar to our narrative, and shews that it is not compiled from Matthew and Luke. |