Sec. 3. Suits. All corporations may sue and be sued in like cases as natural persons.

Sec. 4. Liability, stock subscribers. In all cases of claims. against corporations and joint stock associations, the exact amount justly due shall be first ascertained, and after the corporate property shall have been exhausted the original subscribers thereof shall be individually liable to the extent of their unpaid subscription, and the liability for the unpaid subscription shall follow the stock.

Sec. 5. Elections. The Legislature shall provide by law that in all elections for directors or managers of incorporated companies, exery stockholder shall [have] the right to vote in person or proxy, for the number of shares of stock owned by him, for as many persons as there are directors or managers to be elected, or to cumulate said shares and give one candidate as many votes as the number of directors multiplied by the number of his shares of stock, shall equal, or to distribute them upon the same principle among as many candidates as he shall think fit, and such directors or managers shall not be elected in any other manner.

Sec. 6. Existing charters. All existing charters or grants of special or exclusive privileges, under which organization shall not have taken place, or which shall not be in operation within sixty days from the time this constitution takes effect, shall thereafter have no validity or effect whatever.

Sec. 7. Banks, liability of stockholders, statements. Every stockholder in a banking corporation or institution shall be individually responsible and liable to its creditors over and above the amount of stock by him held to an amount equal to his respective stock or shares so held, for all its liabilities accruing while he remains such stockholder, and all banking corporations shall publish quarterly statements under oath of their assets and liabilities.

ARTICLE XII-STATE, COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL

INDEBTEDNESS

Section 1. Debts of state. The state may, to meet casual deficits, or failures in the revenues, contract debts never to exceed in the aggregate one hundred thousand dollars, and

no greater indebtedness shall be incurred except for the purpose of repelling invasion, suppressing insurrection, or defending the state in war, and provision shall be made for the payment of the interest annually, as it shall accrue, by a tax levied for the purpose, or from other sources of revenue, which law providing for the payment of such interest by such tax shall be irrepealable until such debt be paid.

Sec. 2. Donations in aid of works of internal improvement. No city, county, town, precinct municipality, or other subdivision of the state, shall ever make donations to any railroad, or other works of internal improvement, unless a proposition so to do, shall have been first submitted to the qualified electors thereof, at an election by authority of law. Provided, that such donations of a county with the donations of such subdivisions in the aggregate shall not exceed ten per cent of the assessed valuation of such county. Provided further, that any city or county may, by a two-thirds vote increase such indebtedness five per cent in addition to such ten per cent; and no bonds or evidences of indebtedness so issued shall be valid, unless the same shall have endorsed thereon a certificate signed by the secretary and auditor of state, showing that the same is issued pursuant to law.

Sec. 3. State credit not given or loaned. The credit of the state shall never be given or loaned in aid of any individual, association, or corporation.

ARTICLE XIII-MILITIA

Section 1. Militia. The legislature shall determine what persons shall constitute the militia of the state, and may provide for organizing and disciplining the same.

ARTICLE XIV-MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 1. Oath of officers.-Executive and judicial officers and members of the legislature, before they enter upon their official duties shall take and subscribe the following oath, or affirmation: "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support the constitution of the United States, and the constitution of the State of Nebraska, and will faithfully discharge

the duties of according to the best of my ability, and that at the election at which I was chosen to fill said office, I have not improperly influenced in any way the vote of any elector, and have not accepted, nor will I accept or receive, directly or indirectly, any money or other valuable thing from any corporation, company or person, or any promise of office, for any official act or influence (for any vote I may give or withhold on any bill, resolution, or appropriation).” Any such officer or member of the legislature who shall refuse to take the oath herein prescribed, shall forfeit his office, and any person who shall be convicted of having sworn falsely to, or of violating his said oath shall forfeit his office, and thereafter be disqualified from holding any office of profit or trust in this state unless he shall have been restored to civil rights.

Sec. 2. Who ineligible to office. Any person who is in default as collector and custodian of public money or property shall not be eligible to any office of trust or profit under the constitution or laws of this state; nor shall any person convicted of felony be eligible to office unless he shall have been restored to civil rights.

Sec. 3. Drunkeness. Drunkeness shall be a cause of impeachment and removal from office.

ARTICLE XV-AMENDMENTS

Section 1. How made. Either branch of the legislature may propose amendments to this constitution, and if the same be agreed to by three-fifths of the members elected to each house, such proposed amendments shall be entered on the journals, with the yeas and nays, and published once each week in at least one newspaper in each county, where a newspaper is published, for three months immediately preceding the next election of senators and representatives, at which election the same shall be submitted to the electors for approval or rejection, and if a majority of the electors voting at such election, adopt such amendments, the same shall become a part of this constitution. When more than one amendment is submitted at the same election they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately.

Sec. 2. Convention to revise constitution.-When threefifths of the members elected to each branch of the legislature deem it necessary to call a convention to revise, amend, or change this constitution, they shall recommend to the electors to vote at the next election of members of the legislature, for or against a convention, and if a majority voting at said. election vote for a convention, the legislature shall, at its next session, provide by law for calling the same. The convention shall consist of as many members as the house of representatives, who shall be chosen in the same manner, and shall meet within three months after their election, for the purpose aforesaid: No amendment or change of this constitution, agreed upon by such convention, shall take effect until the same has been submitted to the electors of the state, and adopted by a majority of those voting for and against the

same.

ARTICLE XVI-SCHEDULE

Section 1. Rights preserved. That no inconvenience may arise from the revisions and changes made in the constitution of this state, and to carry the same into effect, it is hereby ordained and declared that all laws in force at the time of the adoption of this constitution, not inconsistent therewith, and all rights, actions, prosecutions, claims and contracts of this state, individuals or bodies corporate, shall continue to be as valid as if this constitution had not been adopted.

Sec. 2. Fines, taxes, etc., to inure to people. All fines, taxes, penalties and forfeitures owing to the State of Nebraska, or to the people thereof, under the present Constitution and laws, shall inure to the use of the people of the State of Nebras ka, under this constitution.

Sec. 3. Recognizances, etc., to remain valid.-Recognizances, bonds, obligations, and all other instruments entered into or executed upon the adoption of this constitution, to the people of the State of Nebraska, to the State of Nebraska, to any state or county officer, or public body, shall remain binding and valid, and rights and liabilities upon the same shall continue; and all crimes and misdemeanors shall be tried and punished as though no change had been made in the constitution of this state.

Sec. 4. Jurisdiction of courts. All existing courts which are not in this constitution specifically enumerated, and concerning which no other provision is herein made shall continue in existence and exercise their present jurisdiction until otherwise provided by law.

Sec. 5. Persons to continue in office. All persons now filling any office or appointment shall continue in the exercise. of the duties thereof, according to their respective commissions, elections or appointments, unless by this constitution it is otherwise directed.

Sec. 6. District attorneys. The district attorneys now in office shall continue during their unexpired terms to hold and exercise the duties of their respective offices in the judicial districts herein created, in which they severally reside. In each of the remaining districts, one such officer shall be elected at the first general election, and hold his office until the expiration of the terms of those now in office.

Sec. 7. Constitution, submitted when. This constitution shall be submitted to the people of the state of Nebraska, for adoption or rejection, at an election to be held on the second Tuesday of October, 1875, and there shall be separately submitted at the same time, for adoption or rejection, the independent article relating to "Seat of Government" and the independent article, "allowing electors to express their preference for United States Senator."

Sec. 8. Election for. At said election the qualified electors shall vote at the usual places of voting, and the said election. shall be conducted and the returns thereof made according to the laws now in force regulating general elections, except as herein otherwise provided.

Sec. 9. Election supplies.-The Secretary of State shall, at least twenty days before said election, cause to be delivered to the county clerk of each county, blank poll books, tally lists, and forms of returns, and twice as many of properly prepared printed ballots for the said election as there are voters in such county, the expense whereof shall be audited and paid as other public printing ordered by the secretary is by law required to be audited and paid; and the several county clerks shall, at least five days before said election, cause to be dis