were largely compilations, this edition is founded on his own personal experience.

This chapter would indicate that the author had given much study and thought to the subject-matter, and that his conclusions are based largely upon facts as he has observed them. In a pathological sense the chapter is very defective, which, to the student of to-day, is a lamentable defect. The various phases of the subject have

been considered in detail and therefore the article as a whole contains considerable valuable matter.

A. I. B.

"Diseases of the Stomach." By John C. Hemmeter, M. D., Ph. D. Third Edition. P. Blakiston's Son & Co. 1902. Cloth, $6.00 net; leather, $7.00 net.

Dr. Hemmeter's first edition was dated 1897. In response to a world-wide demand, the third edition is now before us. Dr. Hemmeter in his first edition told us that the diseases of the stomach alone were not sufficient to warrant a specialty. Yet we cannot but pause in wonderment at the growth of this sub-specialty. From Æsop (whom he quotes) where the stomach was but an unnamed embryo in the Belly, down through Flint, Pepper, Osler and Fitz-on to Ewald, Boas, Einhorn and Hemmeter, one can but gulp in stomachic wonder; and, to paraphrase Goethe:

Here 'pathies regard you,

In leafy stillness,

Here is all fullness,

Ye brave, to reward you. Read and despair not!

The author can be assured that in these 900 pages he has "accomplished a work for the practitioner that will keep him abreast of modern progress." Part first deals with anatomy, physiology and all stomach technics, with a fullness and clearness that will meet the enthusiastic reception of the previous editions. Under the head of Therapy and Materia Medica of Stomach Diseases (part second) are included some topics the general knowledge of which would-and will-give this volume a wide lay reading. Thus, "Dietetic Kitchen," "Diet Lists," "The Dietetics of Alcohol and Alcoholic Beverages," and "Mineral Springs." Chapters VIII and IX, viz., "Influence of Gastric Diseases Upon Other Organs and Metabolism" and "The Blood and Urine in Stomach Diseases," while teeming in information, seem out of place under the caption "Therapy." "Diagnostic Points" might be nearer correct; and the last "point" in Chapter IX is particularly attractive from the way it punctures the Ehrlich diazo reaction.

Part third, "The Gastric Clinic," includes every known disorder of the stomach-and then some! We justify

the use and correctness of our slang by reference to "Gastralgokenosis," a coinage of Boas, which Hemmeter kindly rules out. It is in this section that the author redeems the promise of his preface, to "aid the practitioner in his efforts to help and heal."

His paragraphs on nervous vomiting should be read by every orthodox obstetrician-yes, every general practitioner.

Finally, as long as the stomach continues on the throne of the "Belly," Dr. Hemmeter's work will stand among its authorized statutes. J. A. D.

"The Roller Bandage." By William Barton Hopkins, M. D., Surgeon to Pennsylvania Hospital and to the Orthopedic Hospital and Infirmary for Nervous Diseases. Fifth edition revised. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company. 1902. Price, $1.50.

This book of 162 pages is devoted to the use and application of the roller bandage, including the preparation and application of the plaster-of-Paris bandage. The copious illustrations (162 in number) materially aid in understanding the correct manner of applying various methods of bandaging as worked out by the masters in surgery.

The book is most cordially recommended to the student in medicine, to the young practitioner and surgeon, and to those older in the profession whose training has been incomplete in this important branch of practical work.

D. S. F.

"A Practical Manual of Insanity." For the Student and General Practitioner. By Daniel R. Brower, A. M., M. D., LL. D., Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases in Rush Medical College, in Affiliation with the University of Chicago, and in the Post-Graduate Medical School, Chicago; and Henry M. Bannister, A. M., M. D., formerly Senior Assistant Physician, Illinois Eastern Hospital for the Insane. Octavo, 426 pages, with a large number of full-page inserts. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders & Co. Chicago: W. T. Keener & Co. 1902. Cloth, $3.00 net.

In this manual will be found the leading facts of psychiatry. The subject is presented in an up-to-date manner, and the author leaves little to be desired. It is written with reference to the needs of both student and general practitioner and will be found useful and valuable to both. It is, in fact, a work of practical use to the busy physician, and while it does not pretend to discuss theories or undecided problems, yet it deals with topics of real interest to the practical physician. It is remarkable how many physicians otherwise well equipped are deficient in a knowledge of even the simplest rudiments of psychiatry, yet its importance is daily becoming more evident and we believe this volume will find its place on the tables of many active physicians who realize their want of knowledge on this subject. The work is in accord with the latest scientific knowledge on this subject. Among other good features of this book is a chapter on the ethics of insanity. The numerous half-tone illustrations show the clinical varieties of insanity and greatly assist the student to a better understanding of the text. The mechanical part of the work is excellent and reflects great credit on its publishers. JOHN PUNTON.

"Morphinism and Narcomania from Opium, Cocain, Ether, Chloral, Chloroform, and Other Narcotic Drugs; also the Etiology, Treatment and Medico-legal Relations." By T. D. Crothers, M. D., Superintendent of Walnut Lodge Hospital, Connecticut; Professor of Mental and Nervous Diseases, New York School of Clinical Medicine, etc. 12mo., 351 pages. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders & Co. Chicago: W. T. Keener & Co. 1902. Cloth, $2.00 net. Dr. Crothers herewith presents to the medical profession a classic work. It is the result of an extensive practical experience with victims of the different drug habits, where the author has had scope for his superior ability and unusual powers of observation. Since an increase of morphinism and the associated narcomanias has become evident this work meets, in a timely manner, the impera

tive demand for new literature on these subjects. New discoveries and theories are constantly appearing and it behooves the progressive physician to acquaint himself fully with conditions and causes surrounding these diseases. The author believes that in treating these unfortunates, the best results are to be obtained by isolation and change of environment. In this, as in every part of this work, absolute familiarity with his subject is demonstrated. The medico-legal aspect is intelligently presented, and, being thoroughly reliable, will prove a boon wherever such questions may arise.

The excellent exposition of the subject is supplemented by the excellent workmanship of the publishers, making altogether a very desirable acquaintance to any physician. J. P.

"A Text-Book of Surgery." By Dr. Hermann Tillmanns, Professor in the University of Leipsic. Translated from the Seventh German Edition by Benjamin T. Tilton, M. D., Instructor in Surgery, Cornell University, and John Rogers, M. D., Instructor in Surgery, Cornell University. Edited by Lewis A. Stimson, M. D., Professor of Surgery, Cornell University. Volume I. The Principles of Surgery and Surgical Pathology, with 516 illustrations. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1901. Cloth, $5.000; sheep, $3.00 net.

The original work has long been favorably known in Europe, especially for medical students. Only a few years ago the first American edition found a ready sale, and its exhaustion has led to the appearance of the present new edition. While, of course, the additions and changes are not large in volume, they are sufficiently so to render the work a desirable acquisition. The first volume is a model of bookmaking. L. W.

"A Text-Book of Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Pharmacology." By Geoorge F. Butler, Ph. G., M. D., Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Chicago, Medical Department of the University of Illinois, etc. Fourth edition, thoroughly revised. Octavo, 896 pages, illustrated. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders & Co. Chicago: W. T. Keener & Co. 1902. Cloth, $4.00 net; sheelp or half morocco, $5.00 net.

This work has enjoyed an enviable reputation since its first appearance, and is evidenced by the frequent demand for new editions. The present one has been carefully and completely revised. This is especially noticeable in the chapters on organortherapy, and serum-therapy. A very important addition is the chapter by Prof. Loeb's assistant, Dr. Martin H. Fischer, on "The Relation of Physical Chemistry to Pharmacology and Therapeutics." In this we find an admirable resumé of the researches of Loeb, Arrhenius and Vant'hoff, the full effect of which is not yet realized, and promises to revolutionize chemistry, physiology and the allied sciences. The present edition will be found a clear, concise and practical textbook.

"Essentials of Histology." By Louis Leroy, B. S., M. D., Professor of Histology and Pathology, Vanderbilt University, Medical and Dental Departments; Pathologist to the Nashville City Hospital, etc. Second edition, thoroughly revised and greatly enlarged. 16mo, 363 pages, with 92 illustrations. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders & Co. Chicago: W. T. Keener & Co. 1902. Cloth, $1.00 net. In this edition a number of new original illustrations, most protomicrographs, have been inserted to better elu

cidate the text. The chapter on technic has been enlarged, a description of the appendix and rectal valves added, and the entire chapter, as, indeed, the entire book, thoroughly and carefully revised. As before, it remains a useful book for the student or to the practitioner wishing to refresh his knowledge of histology preparatory to a study of pathology.

"The Physician's Visiting List" (Lindsay and Blakiston's), for 1903. Fifty-second year. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston's Son & Company. Twenty-five patients per day or week. Pencil and pocket, $1.00; 50 patients, $1.25.

"The Medical News Visiting List for 1903." Weekly (dated, for 30 patients); monthly (undated, for 120 patients per month); perpetual (undated, for 30 patients weekly per year), and perpetual (undated, for 60 patients weekly per year). The first three styles contain 32 pages of data and 160 pages of blanks. The 60-patient perpetual consists of 256 pages of blanks. Each style in one wallet-shaped book, with pocket, pencil and rubber. Seal grain leather, $1.25. Thumb-letter index, 25 cents extra. Philadelphia and New York: Lea Brothers & Co.

The flight of the seasons is marked among other things by the appearance of visiting lists and diaries for the coming year.

These two old friends make their annual visit. The former this year has two new features, namely, pages on incompatibility, chemic, pharmaceutic and therapeutic, and on the Immediate Treatment of Poisoning. The latter opens with 32 pages of very useful printed data, including an alphabetical Table of Diseases with approved remedies, a table of doses, sections on examination of urine, artificial respiration, incompatibles, poisons and antidotes, a diagnosis table of eruptive fevers, and a full-page plate showing at a glance the incisions for ligation of the various arteries, an invaluable guide in such emergencies.

PAMPHLETS RECEIVED.

"Chancre of the Tonsils," by William Cheatham, M. D. "The Modern Treatment of Tuberculodermata," by N. H. Aronstam, M. D., Ph. G., Detroit, Mich.

"Syphilis of the Nose-The Ear, From a Medico-Legal Standpoint," by W. Scheppergrell, A. M., M. D., of New Orleans.

"Remarks on Intrathoracic Pressure, with the Illustration of the Author's Method of Lung Immobilization," by Charles Denison, A. M., M. D., of Denver, Colo.

"Wounds, with a Discussion of What Constitutes Rational Treatment-The Complications of Phimosis, with Treatment," by Frederic Griffith, M. D., of New York.

"Personal Experience with Contused, Gunshot and Stab Wounds of the Abdomen-The Vermiform Appendix as a Cause of Intestinal Obstructions," by J. E. Summers, Jr., M. D., of Omaha, Neb.

"The Pathology of the Tissue, Changes Caused by the Rontgen Rays, with Special Reference to the Treatment of Malignant Growths-The Medicolegal Value of the Rontgen Rays-The Modern Treatment of Fractures of the Lower End of the Radius, as Indicated by the Rontgen Rays-Aus einer Discussion über Appendicitis," by Carl Beck, M. D., of New York City.

Notes of Societies.

4. Traumatic Myelitis, by Dr. J. G. Kelley, Hornellsville.

5. Traumatic Neurasthenia, by Dr. C. B. Herrick,

The next meeting will be held at Fort Wayne, Ind., September 12, 1903. This organization is said to have about five hundred members. The new officers elected are Dr. S. L. McCurdy of Pittsburg, president; Dr. G. W. Thompson of Winamac, Ind., vice-president, and Dr. R. J. Morgan of Van Wert, O., secretary and treasurer.

IOWA STATE ASSOCIATION OF RAILWAY SURGEONS.

At the recent meeting the following officers for the ensuing year were chosen :

President, I. K. Gardner of New Hampton; vice-president, B. Thompson of Tama; secretary, A. B. Deering, Boone, and treasurer, W. J. Williams of Adel.

The following standing committees were selected: Entertainment-R. A. Patchin chairman; T. J. Caldwell, Adel; A. B. Deering, Boone; F. E. V. Shore, Des Moines.

Publication-I. K. Gardner, New Hampton; W. J. Williams, Adel; A. B. Deering, Boone.

Neucrology-J. J. Wilder, Kingsley; C. H. Churchill, Ft. Dodge; H. C. Eshbach, Albia.

Judiciary-A. B. Deering, Boone; R. A. Patchin, Des Moines; D. S. Fairchild, Clinton.

Des Moines will be the meeting place of the next annual convention. Its central location and railroad facilities are so advantageous that the annual meetings will hereafter all be held in this city.

NEW YORK STATE ASSOCIATION OF RAILWAY SURGEONS.

TWELFTH ANNUAL MEETING, NOVEMBER 20 AND 21, 1902. Thursday Morning Session, 10 o'clock.

MENTAL FITNESS OF RAILWAY EMPLOYES.

1. The Man, his Mentality, Education, Morality, Sobriety, Personality and Practical Business Ability, by Mr. G. R. Brown, Canisteo, N. Y., vice-president and general manager, N. Y. & Penna. R. R. Company.

2. Psychological Factors, by Dr. W. J. Herdman, Ann Arbor, Mich.

3. Medico-Legal Factors, by L. L. Gilbert, Esq., Pittsburg, Pa.

4. General Discussion.

5. President's Address, Dr. H. P. Jack, Canisteo, N. Y. Thursday Afternoon Session, 2:30 o'clock.

1. A Discussion of the State of Cerebral Concussion and Compression, by Dr. Harvey W. Cushing, Baltimore, Md.

Discussion opened by Dr. Rob't Cowan, Radford, Va. 2. Treatment of Cerebral Compression and Concussion, by Dr. Percy R. Bolton, New York City.

3. Treatment of Hemorrhoids, by Dr. Jas. P. Tuttle, New York City.

6. A Discussion of a New Principle in the Treatment of Fractures, by Dr. C. S. Parkhill, Hornellsville.

7. Fracture of the Elbow-Joint; Passive Motion and When to Use It, by Dr. Henry Flood, Elmira.

8. The Medico-Legal Relations of Skiagraphy to Fractures, by Dr. A. P. Jackson, Oakfield.

9. A Country Hospital and its Management, by Dr. Wm. C. Wood, Gloversville.

Friday, November 21, 10 A. M. Clinic at New York hospital on Fractures and Dislocations, by Dr. Lewis A. Stimson.

2:30 P. M. Clinic at St. Luke's Hospital on General Surgical Operations, by Dr. Francis Murray, Cathedral Heights.

Railway Miscellany.

The North Star Limited is the name selected for the new train of the Minneapolis & St. Louis and Illinois Central between Minneapolis and Saint Paul and Chicago.

The Chicago & Northwestern recently made experiments between Madison and Janesville and Baraboo, Wis., in the use of telegraph wires for telephonic purposes. The results were fairly satisfactory and further experiments will be made.

The right of Wisconsin game wardens to open the baggage of passengers in transit on suspicion that game is being illegally taken out of the State is contested by the Chicago & Northwestern, which has secured a temporary injunction against such practice. Application for permanent injunction is now before the Circuit Court at Milwaukee.

In a suit in the United States Supreme Court, brought by the administrator of a brakeman who was killed in a collision on the New York New Haven & Hartford, caused by neglect of an engineer, it was sought to recover $25,000 damages on the ground that the failure of the engineer was due to overwork. The defendant company claimed that damages could not be recovered because the collision resulted from the negligence of a fellow employe, and the jury gave a verdict to that effect.

Baltimore & Ohio earnings for the fiscal year ended on June 30, 1902, reached the unprecedented total of $53,468,168, an increase of $2.391,052 over the preceding year. Of this vast sum, $43,143,286 were paid out for operating expenses, taxes, interest and rentals, leaving $10,324,882 actual net earnings. After appropriating $2,500,000 for improvements, charging $1,303,937 to miscellaneous expenses and paying $3,919,924 in dividends there remained a net balance of $2,601,021.

A passenger who got on the wrong train after getting supper at the station in Columbus, O., and found that he was being carried toward Buffalo instead of Pittsburg, has sued the P. C. C. & St. L. Railway for $43,000 damages. The trouble was caused by moving the trains while he was in the eating room, and it compelled him, he says, to get off from the Buffalo train at a damp and uncomfortable station, where he caught cold, and then had to walk back through the fields to Columbus, arriving too late to catch the desired train. This should be a warning to passengers not to depend on finding their train on the same track on which they leave it at a great through station, where switching is necessary.

VOL. IX.

MINUTES OF NINTH ANNUAL MEETING OF IOWA STATE ASSOCIATION OF RAILWAY SURGEONS HELD AT DES MOINES, WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY OCTOBER 22 AND 23, 1902.

AFTERNOON SESSION.

The meeting was called to order on October 22, 1902, at 1:30 o'clock, p. m.; Dr. R. A. Patchin, Chairman of Committee on Arrangements, presiding. The Rev. J. A. Wirt pronounced the invocation, after which Chairman Patchin called for the address of welcome on the part of the profession, which was delivered by Dr. E. E. Dorr, Editor of the Iowa Medical Journal, Des Moines, Iowa.

Chairman Patchin: The Committee on Arrangements has departed somewhat from its usual custom, and has arranged for an address of welcome on the part of the citi

zens of Des Moines. You have had the address from the doctor, and I now have the pleasure of presenting to you one of the most progressive literary citizens of Des Moines, the Hon. Freeman R. Conaway.

No. 7

of the children had cholera infantum. Just behind me Brother Gardner was snoring away, and just across the berth there was a man with some sort of a nervous trouble. Every time he would come back, he would mistake my berth for his, and the result is that I felt pretty hard up when we got here. But we have had breakfast and dinner and we feel better. We feel as though we could enjoy this and accept your welcome.

The doctor, and also Mr. Conaway, were kind enoughr to intimate that we were especially skillful and scientific. I see that we are discovered; there is no use denying it. But, as to being skillful, if there are any doubts, Mr. Conaway, upon that question, and you are so unfortunate

here as to have a citizen so out of date that he is still

wearing that useless organ known as the appendix, you bring him in and we will have a clinic right on this table and demonstrate it-you can't find anybody up our way that has one.

Dr. Babcock: It has been said that addresses of wel

come are always perfunctory; that when a man bids you

welcome in a public address, he means about as much as the lady does who receives her dear friend and says endearing words and praises her, and then when her back is turned, she says she wished "that thing wouldn't bore her with that fright of a hat." Now, I came down here with the idea that this was a sort of a perfunctory matter, and here I am met with a double-barreled address of welcome; type-written sheets, drawn out with learned phrases,

and I must confess in the start that I don't think this address of welcome is at all perfunctory, and that being the case, if the response is perfunctory, it will about even things up. I remember once there was an old foreigner

I don't know what country he came from-but it was evidently from some place where they did not waste words. I said to him, "good morning; it is a very cold day." He looked at me and said, "I knew that." So, I suppose, I might reply to these addresses in the same way; that we knew we were welcome to Des Moines; welcome to all sorts of jamborees, from a medical society down to a political organization. Now, if we could have had that welcome when we arrived at your railway depot, it would have felt better, for I never was so much in need of a good welcome. I don't know that I needed the keys, but Brother Gardner and I needed the whiskey. The accommodations on the sleeper were bad. In front of me there was a man with his wife and two children-I think both

who think that a man who practiced medicine before antisepsis, and that surgery didn't amount to anything until sepsis was discovered, that every patient he had died with

antisepsis came to the front.

I began to study medicine in 1865. I remember Prof. Daniel Brainerd operating for stone in the bladder, and how he met with all sorts of surgical troubles; would drop his instruments on the floor, picked them up and wiped them on his sleeves, and gentlemen, we had some very good surgery in those days; and if some of the localities to-day were supplied with a Brainerd, or a Moses Gunn, with no better appliances and no better knowledge than those men had, I don't think they would suffer very badly. Do not understand me as turning up my nose against antiseptics. No doubt, the greatest discovery was that of antiseptics. For eighteen years I was guilty of practicing medicine when we did dress wounds every day and washed them, and when they healed up pretty quick we thought the "first intention" was very good. I know that was bad surgery as compared with our surgery of to-day; but never let us sneer at those old fathers-God bless those old men that taught us surgery-and they did good surgery in those days. Let us not forget that the men who practiced surgery before these days of a more perfect technic were good surgeons, and to them we owe much.

Now, as I said, we know we are welcome, and while we know it, just the same, Mr. Conaway, we accept your offer, and while we are here we propose to take every

Chairman Patchin: I now have the pleasure of introducing to you our new President, Dr. A. L. Wright, of Carroll.

The President: I appear before you in a somewhat embarrassing position, but thought that when I explained the situation my shortcomings would be overlooked and condoned by the members present. In doing an Estlander's operation about six weeks ago, I snagged my finger on a spicula of bone that projected from the rib. I knew at the time that I had wounded my finger, and at once cleansed and cauterized the same. While operating a few days later for hemorrhoids I must have broken the protection, for almost immediately following I had a low form of infection in my finger, that I believe was due to the colon bacillus. The poison was not very virulent, but it was active enough to produce an extensive lymphangitis, involving the glands as far as the axilla. Much of the time I have been entirely incapacitated from work. During the past two weeks I have been in bed most of the time. This morning I got up from my bed, where I had been for several days, for the express purpose of attending this meeting, believing that it was infinitely better to be present in body and soul although derelict in duty, than absent, and that the members of the association present would pardon me for appearing as your president without the usual annual address, and would assist in relieving me from all embarrassment.

At the time of wounding myself I had not begun to put the material accumulated in shape for my address. The line of thought that I intended to pursue and offer for your consideration was based upon thoughts suggested to me when in attendance upon train wrecks accompanied with the destruction of life and property. The same line of thought has been suggested to me when looking over the quarterly bulletins sent out by the Interstate Commerce Commission, and reviewing the list of casualties and the causes leading up to them.

It has been my lot to be in attendance upon two or three severe train wrecks-in one instance there were nearly 30 lives lost-or while sitting at the bedside of a maimed or dying brakeman, and I have often asked myself if such terrible calamities might not have been averted. As a matter of fact, nineteen out of twenty injuries by the cars is the result of either the patients' own carelessness, or an effort on their part to gain one or two minutes' time, or possibly to the criminal negligence of someone in the operating department. Take as an illustration the oft-repeated accidents at highway crossings; they are almost invariably due to an effort to get over the track so as to gain a moment's time.

While reviewing the carnage due to contact with a rapidly moving train, many, many times I have inquired and asked, might not some means be devised so as to at least lessen the rack and ruin wrought by this almost certain means of destruction and death? It was along these lines that I had thought to offer a few suggestions in my annual address, believing as I do that many of these disastrous results can be avoided by a greater degree of proficiency and a higher intelligence.

In most of the western states the railroads require a

One means of meeting and overcoming the disastrous consequences of railway accidents is to have a higher degree of intelligence in the operating department. Let the railroads establish employment bureaus in the rural districts through which they run, that they may become acquainted with the better class of people in their respective communities and call the attention of desirable young men to the opportunities offered in railroad circles.

state.

I venture the assertion that in the ninety-nine counties of this state at least 75 per cent of the superintendents of the public schools do not begin to receive the yearly salary earned by the average engineer or conductor in the employ of any or all of the many railroads traversing the On the other hand, how many hundred bright and intelligent young men are teaching school for a mere pittance; young men who have had the advantages of a higher education, that are college-bred, and are teaching for a paltry thirty, forty or even fifty dollars a month. Look at this picture and that of the average railroad man! Who is there of us who could say that if the standard of intelligence in the operating department could be raised to the highest that many of the daily accidents would not be lessened, if not entirely prevented?

With employment bureaus in the interest of the railroad. scattered along the line, the attention of young men could be directed and pointed out, the opportunities offered in the several departments of the railroad, and their interest elicited and possibly employment solicited. In this way a very much higher degree of intelligence, and a better class of men could be gotten into the service, thereby lessening, I firmly believe, many of the accidents encountered to-day. It was along these lines that I had intended to present to you a few thoughts on the causes and remedies of train wrecks and accidents, but owing to my sickness I have been unable to put in shape the few rambling ideas I had on this subject. I have tried at least a dozen times to get up and write, but each time I have been compelled to go back to bed. With this explanation I earnestly hope the fellows present will pardon me.

President Wright: The first paper on the program that I will call for is entitled, "Care of Minor Surgical Cases," by Dr. W. J. Williams of Adel. This was discussed by Drs. A. B. Bowen, D. C. Brockman, G. C. Stockman, A. B. Deering, and closed by the essayist.

The President: The next paper is entitled, “The Expert Witness," by the Hon. N. T. Guernsey of Des Moines.

The discussion was opened by Dr. Saunders and continued by Drs. G. C. Stockman, D. S. Fairchild, A. Babcock, and closed by the author.