FURNISH your HOUSES or APARTMENTS THROUGHOUT on MOEDER'S HIRE SYSTEM. No extra charge for time given. Illustrated Priced Catalogue, with full particulars of Terms, post free. F. MOEDER, 248, 249, 250, Tottenham Court Road; and 19, 20, and 21, Cross Street, W.C. Established 1862. MOEDER begs to announce that the whole of ACCIDENTS OCCUR DAILY!! ACCIDENTS OF ALL KINDS Provided against by a Policy of the RAILWAY PASSENGERS' ASSURANCE COMPANY, A fixed sum in case of Death by Accident, a Allowance F. the above Premises have recently been Rebuilt, specially adapted in the event of Injury, may to secured dentara te Weekly All for the Furniture Trade, and now form one of the most commodious Bed-Room Suites, from 67. 68. to 50 Guineas. F. MOEDER, 248, 249, 250, Tottenham Court Road; and 19, 20, and 21, Cross Street, W.C. Established 1862. COURT.-PIRACY. For the Protection of the Public and Myself against Injurious PIRATICAL IMITATIONS, I have again applied for and obtained a Perpetual Injunction, with Costs, against a Chemist in Manchester. Observe the GENUINE PYRETIC SALINE has my Name, Trade-Mark, and Signature on a Buff-Coloured Wrapper. H. LAMPLOUGH, 113, Holborn. Bonus allowed to Insurers of Five Years' standing. £1,350,000 have been paid as COMPENSATION. Apply to the Clerks at the Railway Stations, the Local Agents, or 64, CORNHILL, LONDON. WILLIAM J. VIAN, Secretary. HEDGES & BUTLER INVITE attention to the following WINES and SPIRITS: Good Sherry, Pale or Gold.......208. 248. 308. 368. Port of various Ages. 428. per doz. 488. 548. 608. 728. per doz. ...... .248. 308. 368. 428. 488. per doz. 148. 188. 208. 248. per doz. ..808. Choice Dessert Clarets 368. 428. 488. 608. per doz. ...368. 42. 488. 608. 788. per doz. Hock and Moselle ........248, 30s. 368. 428. 488. 608. per doz. Old Pale Brandy.. .448. 492. 608. 728. 848. per doz. Fine Old Irish and Scotch Whisky Gallon. Octave. £ s. d. 650 800 23 10 O 428. 488. per doz. Qtr. Cask. Hogshd. £ s. a. £ 8. d. 12 0 0 15 10 0 22 10 0 29 0 0 1700 20 0 0 TAMA Fine Old Port........... 20 6 14 15 0 80 10 0 44 10 0 57 0 0 33 10 0 39 0 0 13 15 0 27 0 0 53 0 0 Old Pale Brandy .......318. 248. 308. 368. per imperial gallon. On receipt of a Post-Office Order, or reference, any quantity will be forwarded immediately by HEDGES & BUTLER. LONDON: 155, REGENT STREET, W. (Originally Established A.D. 1667.) HOLLOWAY'S OINTMENT and PILLSE LAZENBY & SON'S PICKLES, SAUCES, Erysipelas, Piles.-Unvarying success attends all those who treat these diseases according to the simple printed directions wrapped round pot and box. They are invaluable to the young A little and timid, whose bashfulness sometimes endangers life. attention, moderate perseverance, and trifling expense, will enable the most difficult to conduct any case to a happy issue without exposing secret infirmities to any one. and CONDIMENTS.-E. LAZENBY & SON, sole proprietors of the celebrated receipts, and manufacturers of the Pickles, Sauces, and Condiments so long and favourably distinguished by their name. beg to remind the public that every article prepared by them is guaranteed as entirely unadulterated.-92, Wigmore Street, Cavendish Square (late 6, Edwards Street, Portman Square), and 18, Trinity Street, London, S.E. The Ointment arrests the spreading inflammation, restrains the excited vessels, cools the overheated skin, alleviates throbbing and smarting pains, and gives great ease. The same directions also clearly point out when and how Holloway's Pills are to be taken, and their purifying and regulating powers may assist by adjusting and strengthening the constitution. HARVEY'S SAUCE. CAUTION.-The admirers of this celebrated Sauce are particularly requested to observe that each bottle prepared by E. LAZENBY & SON bears the label, used so many years, signed "Elizabeth Lazenby." Every SATURDAY, of any Bookseller or News-agent, Price THREEPENCE, Each Half-yearly Volume complete in itself, with Title-Page and Index. THE ATHENÆUM JOURNAL OF ENGLISH AND FOREIGN LITERATURE, SCIENCE, THE FINE ARTS, MUSIC, AND THE DRAMA. THIS DAY'S ATHENÆUM CONTAINS REVIEWS of every important New Book, English and Foreign, and of every new English Novel. REPORTS of the LEARNED SOCIETIES. AUTHENTIC ACCOUNTS of Scientific Voyages and Expeditions. CRITICISMS on Art, Music, and the Drama. LETTERS from Foreign Correspondents on subjects relating to Literature, Science, and Art. 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The Press Manual." containing a complete List of Newspapers published in the United Kingdom. Post free, 6d. ACCIDENTS OCCUR DAILY!! ACCIDENTS OF ALL KINDS RAILWAY PASSENGERS' ASSURANCE COMPANY, A fixed sum in case of Death by Accident, and a Weekly Allowance in the event of Injury, may be secured at moderate Premiums. Bonus allowed to Insurers of Five Years' standing. £1,350,000 have been paid as COMPENSATION. Apply to the Clerks at the Railway Stations, the Local Agents, or 64, CORNHILL, LONDON. E. WILLIAM J. VIAN, Secretary. LAZENBY & SON'S PICKLES, SAUCES, and CONDIMENTS.-E. LAZENBY & SON, sole proprietors of the celebrated receipts, and manufacturers of the Pickles, Sauces, and Condiments so long and favourably distinguished by their name, beg to remind the public that every article prepared by them is guaranteed as entirely unadulterated.-92, Wigmore Street, Cavendish Square (late 6, Edwards Street, Portman Square), and 18, Trinity Street, London, S.E. HARVEY'S SAUCE. CAUTION. -The admirers of this celebrated Sauce are particularly requested to observe that each bottle prepared by E. LAZENBY & SON bears the label, used so many years, signed "Elizabeth Lazenby." This valuable and most useful Dictionary has been prepared to meet the wants of people of education and intelligence who are desirous of reading comprehensively and intelligently, but who may not have the assistance of well-equipped libraries. It condenses into one volume, consisting of Fifteen Monthly Parts, all the information that readers thus situated would be likely to require, as well as supplying the needs of those who are anxious merely to gain a few particulars in connexion with authors and their productions. The Work is one of ready reference rather than of criticism, an accumulation of facts rather than of opinions; yet it is rendered so generally interesting that it may be dipped into here and there with the certainty of something being found capable of giving pleasure as well as information. The TIMES, in a recent review of the complete Dictionary, says :"The book contains a short and condensed biographical index of the chief writers in the English language, whether of poetry or of prose, their works being in all cases regarded as the material of such notices; to this is added, or rather with this is interwoven, a list of their principal writings; so that, whether we look for Pope, or for the Essay on Man,' or the 'Rape of the Lock,' we shall find a store of condensed information respecting the bard of Twickenham; and, while Longfellow is introduced to us under the letter L,' we are told the drift and purport of Evangeline' in its own place. Added to this, many books have a history of their own apart from their contents. For instance, Miss Burney's 'Evelina,' Tennyson's In Memoriam,' and Charles Dickens's Pickwick Papers' On such subjects as these the reader will not consult Mr. Adams's pages in vain." Full Prospectuses at all Booksellers', or post free from the Publishers, CASSELL, PETTER & GALPIN, Ludgate Hill, London. COMPLETION OF OLD AND NEW LONDON. OLD AND LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 1879. to have been practised within the precincts of the Court. It is now happily by law a misdemeanour, CONTENTS.- N° 269. and punishable by penalty. At no remote period NOTES:-Shrovetide, 141-The Use of Westminster Abbey in the cruel sport of " throwing at cocks" was practhe Fourteenth Century, 142-Robert Burrowes, Dean of tised at Shrovetide. This, too, is a thing of the Cork-Walter Scott: Mat Prior, 143-Supposed Antiquities, 144-Superfluous Use of Personal Pronouns-The Galloway past. In imitation of this barbarous custom proFlail-A Fearful Story-The Great Frost of 1683-4, 145-bably arose a practice called "shying at leaden cocks."+ House in the Minories-Marshal Blücher-Norfolk Dialect The pancake we find from time immemorial associated with Shrove Tuesday. Shakspeare makes his Clown, in All's Well that Ends Well, speak of something being "as fit as a pancake for Shrove Tuesday." In most places a great bell was formerly rung, intended to call the people to Folk-Lore-An Historical Ship-Cornish Dialect in Old Plays tiful Bad Woman-Authors Wanted, 149. REPLIES:-Cyprus: Hogarth's Frolic, 149-Periwig, 151The Right to bear Arms-Laurence Eusden, 152-A Layman officiating as Deacon at Mass-When do Sheriffs take Office? -Lysiensis-The Meaning of "Scotia," 153-" Choirochorographia sive Hoglandia descriptio"-The Blue Boar"Fylfot," 154-Nicholson's Charity-Curious SurnamesShowers of Sulphur-Old Saying-" Moke "-ChesneyEnglish Engravers, 155-Franks-Leicestershire Fox-hunting The Last of the Irish Bards"-Field Names-Siege of Dudley Castle, 1644-" Inkle-weaver," 156-" The Pilot that Weathered the Storm"-Tradesmen's Tokens-"Seeing is believing"-A "Fussock"-The Divining or Winchel Rod, 157-Yateley, Hants-Percy Bysshe Shelley-Turnip-stealing -Welsh Proverbs-Norfolk Draughtsmen-"Ost-house' the Conspirator, 159. The Pavior's "Hoh," 158-Bequests in Old Wills-The Notes. SHROVETIDE. shriven. When, however, the need of it ceased with the introduction of Protestantism, it got the name of the pancake-bell, and was regarded simply as a signal for the goodwives to fry their pancakes. It is still rung in many country places. Here and there it is known as the fritter-bell. In Lincolnshire a bailey-bell is rung. In Northamptonshire the bell rung on this occasion is called the panburn-bell. Referring to pancakes, we may mention that in the time of Elizabeth it was customary at Eton for the cook to fasten a pancake to a crow (the ancient equivalent of the knocker) upon the school door.§ At Westminster School the ceremony of tossing the pancake is still kept up. Various other Shrovetide observances are chiefly of a local nature. In Dorsetshire and Wiltshire a practice is kept up called "Lent crocking." The boys march about in bands, headed by a leader, who goes from house to house soliciting alms and repeating a doggerel, of which the subjoined is a specimen : "I'm come a-shroving For a piece of pancake, Give me some or give me none, Shrovetide was formerly a season of extraordinary sport and feasting. An idea of its importance in days gone by may be gathered from an old writer of the seventeenth century, who quotes among its many titles the following: "Sole monarch of the month, high steward of the stomach, prime peer of the pullets, first favourite Or else your door shall have a stone." to the frying-pan, greatest bashaw to the batter- A similar custom is practised in Devonshire, bowls, protector of the pancakes, first founder of Hampshire, Cornwall, and Oxfordshire, and in the fritters, baron of bacon-flitch, earl of egg- other counties. In Somersetshire the day is called basket." Taylor, too, the Water Poet, has given Sharp Tuesday, when the small boys, after dusk, a quaint account of the various ceremonies per- throw stones against the house doors, begging at the formed at this time. One of the most popular of same time for a present of some kind. In Staffordthese was cock-fighting. It entered into the occu-shire Shrove Tuesday is known as Goodish Tuespations of old and young. Schools had their cock-day, and in some parts of Oxfordshire as Soft fights. Travellers,† we are informed, agreed with coachmen that they were to wait a night if there was a cock-fight in any town through which they passed. Even the church bells occasionally announced the winning of a "long main." In the time of Henry VII. this horrible diversion seems Vox Graculi, 4to., 1623, p. 55, quoted by Brand, Pop. Antiq., 1849, i. 65. Roberts, Social History of S. Counties of England, 1856, p. 421. Tuesday. In Hertfordshire, Brand tells us, it was |