Al

Wilts. He did not wait long for
recognition, for in the year 1874 had
appeared the first volume of his "Con-
stitutional History of England," which
was not completed until 1878, but
was at once accepted in this country
and abroad as a work of great learning
and authority. In 1879 he was ap-
pointed by Mr. Disraeli a Canon of
St. Paul's. He received the degree of
D.D., and subsequently that of D.C.L.
from his own university, and honorary
degrees at various times from the Uni-
versities of Cambridge, Edinburgh,
Dublin, Heidelberg and Kieff.
though throughout life Dr. Stubbs had
proclaimed himself a "sound Tory,"
this did not prevent his being selected
by Mr. Gladstone to succeed Dr. Jacob-
son in the Bishopric of Chester in 1884,
and on his appointment to the See he
necessarily resigned his chair in the
university, which he left with unfeigned
regret. He had made many friends
and few enemies at Oxford, notwith-
standing his impatience at many uni-
versity rules and college customs.
his farewell lecture as professor, im-
mediately after his appointment as
bishop, he referred to his feelings on
these matters, and declared that his
chief aim had been to raise the study
of history at Oxford to the level which
it occupied in other universities.

In

On entering upon his episcopal duties he showed a vast energy and a power of organisation which was scarcely expected from one who had lived so long the life of a professor and student, and he was especially successful in creating funds for the uses-religious and educational-of the poorer districts

of his diocese. He was, however, in no sense a popular bishop, for he avoided as much as possible appearing either in the pulpit or on the platform, his taste always leading him to his books and library. It was therefore not surprising that he welcomed his translation from Chester to Oxford, when in 1888 that See became vacant on the resignation of Dr. Mackarness, and he once more found himself in the neighbourhood of the Bodleian and in the society of scholars. In addition to the works already named, he edited, either for the Master of the Rolls or for the university, Memorials of St. Dunstan," The Early Plantagenets," the Works of Ralph de Diceto and of Gervase of Canterbury, "Chronicles of Edward I. and II.," and other works. Most of these had been already completed before his elevation to the episcopal bench, but he never altogether relaxed his studies, and in conjunction with Bishop Westcott of Durham drew up the important report of the Royal Commission on Ecclesiastical Courts. In his own country and on the Continent he was recognised as the ablest and most erudite English historian of his day. He had been in failing health for some time, and the proceedings in connection with the Queen's funeral service at Windsor had severely tried his strength. He rallied sufficiently to preach on the following day, Sunday, February 3rd, before the King and Royal Family, but from that time he gradually grew worse, and died on April 22nd, at Cuddesdon Palace, Oxford, somewhat unexpectedly.

On the 1st, at Hall Court, Botley, Hants, Vice-Admiral Charles MurrayAynsley, C.B., s. of John Murray-Aynsley, of Underdown, Herefordshire. Born, 1821; entered the Navy, 1835; served as Lieutenant of the Hogue through Russian war in the Baltic; commanded the Lynx in the Black Sea at the capture of Kertch and Yenikale; served in Azov Expedition and capture of Kinburn in 1855; promoted Commander, 1856; Captain, 1862; retired from service, 1876; promoted to Rear-Admiral, 1878; Vice-Admiral, 1884, on retired list; was nautical assessor to House of Lords, and on Commission of Peace for Hants. M., 1861, Augusta, dau. of W. G. Campion, of Calcutta. On the 2nd, at Stainrigg House, Berwickshire, aged 77, General John Cockburn Hood, C.B., s. of J. Cockburn Hood, of Stainrigg. Entered the Indian Army, 1840; served through the Punjab Campaign, 1848-9, and the Indian Mutiny, 1857-8, with distinction. M., 1879, a daughter of S. Mackay, of Grazeley Lodge, Berks, and widow of Rev. P. G. Bentley. On the 4th, at Adelphi Terrace, London, D'Oyly Carte. Born, 1844, in Soho, his father being partner in a firm of musical instrument makers; educated at University College School and London University; went into his father's business, but soon became occupied with musical composition and management; wrote several songs and operettas, and founded a concert agency, his chief client being Mario; from 1870-5 worked to establish School of English Comic Opera; in 1877 produced "The Sorcerer," comic opera, by Gilbert and Sullivan. It met with great success, and was followed still more successfully by "H.M.S. Pinafore" in 1878, which achieved enormous popularity. It was followed by the rest of the series of Gilbert and Sullivan's operas. At the same time Mr. Carte kept several other companies touring in the provinces. He

tried to establish more serious English Opera at the Royal English Opera House, but failed. Was twice m.; his second wife, dau. of Procurator-Fiscal CouperBlack, of Wigtownshire, helped him greatly in his work of theatre management. On (or about) the 4th, Constantin Stoiloff, ex-Premier of Bulgaria. Born at Philippopolis, 1853; educated at the American institution known as "Robert College," near Therapia, and also in Paris and at Heidelberg University. After the liberation of Bulgaria was appointed President of the Court of Appeal; became a leader of the Conservative party; was chief of Prince Alexander's Chancellery, 1879-83; Foreign Minister, January to March, 1883; Minister of Justice in M. Zankoff's Coalition Cabinet, September, 1883, to January, 1884, in the Radoslavoff Cabinet, 1886-7, and in the Stambuloff Cabinet, 1887-8; but subsequently joined the Opposition. After M. Stambuloff's fall, became Premier (May, 1894); in February, 1896, took charge of the Foreign Office; resigned, 1899. On the 5th, at Cap d'Ail, near Monaco, aged 51, Joseph John Tylor, eldest s. of Alfred Tylor, of Carshalton; was an engineer by profession, but devoted much time to Egyptian archæology; published series of "Wall Drawings and Monuments of El Kab," 1895-1900. On the 5th, at Grey Fort, Kilcool, co. Wexford, aged 58, Sir George Ribton, fourth baronet. Educated at Cheltenham College. M., 1869, Elizabeth, dau. of Christopher Sanders, of Deer Park, co. Cork, and widow of Captain F. Kennedy. On the 5th, at Winchester, aged 79, Patrick Marcellinus Leonard, s. of Stephen S. Leonard, of Queen's Fort, Tuam, co. Galway. Educated at Trinity College, Dublin; M.A., 1846; called to the Bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1847; appointed County Court Judge, 1854; resigned, 1896. M., 1855, Mary, dau. of John Pearson, of Tandridge Hall, Surrey. On the 5th, at Liverpool, aged 68, Henry Bruce. For some years partner with T. W. Robertson; managed Court Theatre, Liverpool; Managing Director of Carl Rosa Opera Company till it closed, then Manager of Shakespeare Theatre, Liverpool. On the 6th, in Chester Square, S.W., aged 86, Admiral Sir George Greville Wellesley, G.C.B., s. of Rev. the Hon. Gerald Valerian Wellesley, D.D. Entered the Royal Navy, 1828; served on coast of Syria, 1840 (medal); in the Baltic, 1855, when he commanded a detailed squadron at the attack on Sveaborg; Superintendent of Portsmouth Dockyard, 1865-9; Commander-in-chief American Station, 1869-70, 1873-5; Channel Squadron, 1870; and Lord of the Admiralty, 1877-9. M., 1853, Elizabeth, dau. of Robert Lukin. On the 6th, at St. George's Hill, Surrey, aged 77, George Murray Smith, an eminent London publisher, s. of George Smith, of the firm of Smith, Elder & Co., East Indian exporters and publishers. Educated at Merchant Taylors' School; entered the firm's business, 1842, and raised it to the first rank, including among its publications those of R. H. Horne, Leigh Hunt, Charlotte Brontë, Thackeray, Browning, Mrs. Gaskell, "George Eliot," and many others, whom he brought to public notice. In 1865 he established the Pall Mall Gazette, an evening paper, of which a morning edition appeared for a short time, 1870-1. In 1882 he projected and furnished the means for carrying out the "Dictionary of National Biography," of which the first volume appeared in 1885, and the last, exclusive of the supplementary ones, in 1900. On the 7th, at Heligan, aged 75, John Tremayne, of Heligan, Cornwall, and Sydenham, Devon, s. of John H. Tremayne, M.P. Educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. M., 1860, Hon. Mary, dau. of second Lord Vivian; elected as Conservative for East Cornwall, 1874; for South Devon, 1880; actively associated with county business in Cornwall throughout his life; a greatly respected squire. On the 7th, at Bournemouth, aged 69, Sir Henry Wilmot, V.C., fifth baronet. Educated at Rugby; served with the Rifle Brigade in the Indian Mutiny, 1857-8, winning the Victoria Cross at the capture of Lucknow, and in the Chinese war, 1860-1; Lieutenant-Colonel Commandant 1st Derbyshire Rifle Volunteers from 1863; Captain of the English "Eight" at Wimbledon meetings; sat as a Conservative for South Derbyshire, 1869-85. M., 1862, Charlotte Cecilia, dau. of Rev. F. H. Pare. On the 7th, aged 89, Eden Upton Eddis, portrait painter; pupil of Sars in Bloomsbury; entered Royal Academy School at fifteen; medallist, 1858; exhibited in Academy for fifty consecutive years; painted portraits of Sydney Smith and Macaulay; most successful as painter of children. On the 8th, at Llandudno, aged 68, William Woodall, s. of W. Woodall of Shrewsbury; entered the pottery business, and became head of the firm of Macintyre & Co., of Burslem; Chairman of the Burslem School Board, 1868-80; sat as a Liberal for Stoke-upon-Trent, 1880-5; for Hanley, 1885-1900. M., 1862, Evelyn, dau. of James Macintyre, of Burslem. On the 8th, at Moux, Côte d'Or, France, aged 64, Edward Ernest Bowen, s. of Rev. Christopher Bowen, of St. Thomas, Winchester. Educated at Blackheath School, King's College, London, and Trinity

College, Cambridge; B.A. (Fourth Classic), 1858; Fellow of Trinity, 1859; Assistant Master of Harrow School, 1859, where he organised the Modern side, 1870; contested Hertford as a Liberal, 1880; was Senior Assistant Master at Harrow until his death. On the 10th, at Cheltenham, aged 64, Rev. William Henry Hutchinson, Vicar of SS. Philip and James, Leckhampton; Honorary Canon of Gloucester; Rural Dean of Cheltenham; educated at Cheltenham College, and Pembroke College, Cambridge; spent his whole clerical career at Leckhampton as Curate and Vicar; raised 10,000l. to build a church there. On the 13th, at Rose Hill, Northenden, Cheshire, aged 81, Sir Edward William Watkin, first baronet, s. of Abraham Watkin, of Manchester; served in his father's office; appointed Secretary of the Trent Valley Railway, 1845; one of the founders of the Manchester Examiner, and was subsequently Director and Chairman of several English railways, and President of the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada, and a persistent advocate of the Channel Tunnel scheme; sat as a Liberal for Stockport, 1864-8; for Hythe, 1874-95. His great energy and enterprise as a railway director obtained for him a baronetcy, and many foreign orders of knighthood. M., first, 1845, May, dau. of Jonathan Mellor, of Oldham; and second, 1893, the widow of Herbert Ingram, M.P. On the 13th, at Higher Leigh, Combe Martin, North Devon, aged 67, Colonel George Fleming, C.B., LL.D. Entered Army as Veterinary Surgeon, 1855; served in the Crimea, 1855-6, and in expedition to North China, 1860; for China services received medal and two clasps; made C.B. in 1887; five times President of Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons. On the 13th, at Tangier, aged 78, Horace Philips White. Educated at Magdalen College, Oxford; was Acting Vice-Consul and Vice-Consul at Antioch, 1853-4; afterwards British Vice-Consul for Cyprus; Consul at Tangier, 1864-83; acting Consul-General for Sweden and Belgium, 1883-5. On the 15th, at St. Nicholas Rectory, Guildford, Rev. William Skipsey Sanders. Curate at Faringdon, Berks, 1850-2; and Adderbury, 1852-8; Vicar of Gosport, 1859-84; Rector of St. Nicholas, Guildford, till death; Rural Dean, 1888. On the 17th, in Dublin, aged 74, Dr. William Moore, J.P., of Moore Lodge, co. Antrim, Physician-in-Ordinary to H.M. the King in Ireland; one of the foremost members of his profession in Dublin; had been Crown representative on General Medical Council, and President of the King's and Queen's College of Physicians; author of various medical treatises. On the 18th, at 67, Warwick Square, aged 73, Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Armytage, late Coldstream Guards; served in Crimean Campaign, 1854-5; present at battles of Alma, Balaklava and Inkerman, and siege and fall of Sevastopol; received medal with four clasps, Turkish medal, and was made Knight of the Legion of Honour. On the 20th, in London, aged 70, Major-General Sir William Crossman, of Cheswick and Holy Island, Northumberland, eldest s. of R. Crossman, of Cheswick and Holy Island. Educated at Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; entered Royal Engineers, 1848; Assistant Secretary of Juries at the International Exhibition, 1851; went to Western Australia, 1852; took charge of various public works, and acted as magistrate of colony; Secretary to Royal Commission on Defences of Canada, 1862; in charge of consular and diplomatic buildings in China and Japan, 1866-9; Assistant Director of Works for Fortifications, at War Office, 1874-5; for a few months Special Commissioner to Griqualand West; Inspector of Submarine Defences, 1876-81; in 1881 sent to inspect defences of principal Colonies; held command of Royal Engineers in Southern District for three years; sat for division of Portsmouth, 1885-92, at first in Liberal, afterwards in Unionist interest. M., first, dau. of J. Lawrence Morley, of Albany, Western Australia; and second, Anne, dau. of Lieutenant-General Richards. On the 21st, at Reading, aged 50, Charles Kearns Deane Tanner, M.P., M.D., s. of a physician. Born in Cork, and educated there; graduated at Queen's College, Cork, 1873; appointed Lecturer on Anatomy, 1876, and was also Surgeon of the County Hospital; was elected Mayor, 1883; returned to Parliament as a Nationalist, 1885, and after 1890 was Whip to the Anti-Parnellite section of that body. M., 1888, Elizabeth, dau. of Captain J. M'Donnell Webb, 4th Dragoon Guards. On the 22nd, at Impney, Droitwich, aged 84, John Corbett. Amassed great fortune out of salt industry in Worcestershire; founded hospital at Stourbridge, and supported many philanthropic institutions; greatly helped in development of Droitwich, and presented Salter's Hill to the town; unsuccessfully opposed Sir John Pakington at Droitwich, 1868; sat for Droitwich and Mid-Worcestershire, 1874-92, first as a Liberal, and after the Home Rule split as a Liberal Unionist. On the 24th, at Johnstown Castle, co. Wexford, aged 49, Lord Maurice Fitzgerald, second s. of fourth Duke of Leinster; served in the Navy, and reached the rank of Captain in 3rd Battalion

Royal Dublin Fusiliers. M., Lady Adelaide Jane Frances Forbes, dau. of seventh Earl of Granard. On the 26th, at the Deanery, Peterborough, aged 66, Very Rev. William Clavell Ingram, D.D., s. of Rev. George Ingram, B.D., Rector of Chedbury, Suffolk. Educated at Bury St. Edmund's Grammar School, and Jesus College, Cambridge; B.A., 1857; Assistant Master, Lancing College, 185963; Chaplain to the Forces, Woolwich, 1863-4; Vicar of Peele, Isle of Man, 1864-74; St. Matthew, Leicester, 1874-92, when he was appointed Dean of Peterborough; author of several religious works, and a history of Peterborough Cathedral. On the 27th, at Bedford, aged 61, Lieutenant-General George Edward Langham Somerset Sanford, C.B., C.S.I., s. of G. C. Sanford. Entered Royal Engineers, 1856; served with distinction in China War, 1858; and Afghan War, 1878; Deputy Quartermaster-General of the Indian Intelligence Branch, 1880; commanded Royal Engineers in Burmese Campaign, 1885-6 (mentioned in despatches); Director General of Military Works in India, 1886-93; commanded Meerut District, 1893-8, when he became Lieutenant-General. On the 29th, at Westbury Manor, Buckingham, aged 76, Viscount Barrington. Educated at Eton, and Christ Church, Oxford; served for a short time as Lieutenant of Scots Fusilier Guards; High Sheriff of Bucks, 1864; Hon. Colonel of 1st Bucks Rifle Volunteers. M. only dau. of Tully Higgins. In April, at Mackay, Queensland, aged 48, Hon. James Vincent Chataway, eldest s. of Rev. James Chataway. Educated at Winchester; went to New South Wales in 1872; established himself at Mackay; bought Mackay Mercury, and started the Sugar Journal; elected to Legislative Assembly, 1893 and 1896; Secretary for Agriculture, 1898; Minister for Lands in same year, and held both portfolios till December, 1899, when he resigned the Lands Department. In April, at Lucknow, aged 40, Major Herbert Bethune Patton-Bethune, of the 3rd (King's Own) Hussars; joined his regiment, 1879; became Major, 1897; served in Transvaal Campaign, 1881; Egyptian Campaign, 1882; present at battles of Mahsama, Kassassin, and Tel-el-Kebir. In April, at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, aged 53, Professor Henry Augustus Rowland, Professor of Physics. Graduated as Civil Engineer, 1870, but soon left work of railway engineer to be Instructor in Natural Science at Wooster University, Ohio; henceforward devoted his whole life to Natural Science, carrying out exact measurements of the magnetisation produced in iron and nickel by magnetising forces, a work first appreciated in England; appointed first occupant of chair of Physics at Johns Hopkins University; best known for his work on diffraction gratings and spectroscopy; made gratings at Baltimore of unrivalled excellence; elected foreign member of Royal Society, 1889. In April, aged 74, George Q. Cannon. Entered the Mormon Church at fifteen; attained dignity of apostle at thirty; in 1862 was sent to Washington as Senator from Utah, but was not allowed to sit; for ten years, from 1872, was delegate in Congress for Utah; prosecuted for polygamy, and obliged to retire; spent much time in prison or exile, but never gave up his opinions. In April, in London, Henry Brunton, M. Inst. C.E. He was sent to Japan, 1868, to make surveys of the coast and generally help the Japanese in making their seas safe for navigation; in ten years built fifty lighthouses, and arranged Government department for their maintenance; started the telegraph system in Japan, and introduced methods of constructing bridges, etc., to withstand earthquake shocks.

MAY.

Sir Courtenay Boyle.-On the 19th died Sir Courtenay Boyle, K.C.B., Permanent Secretary to the Board of Trade, an able public servant, a man of varied and cultured tastes, and a wellknown figure in society. He was the elder son of Captain Cavendish Spencer Boyle, and came of a family which has given several distinguished men to the public service. He was born in Jamaica, where his father was stationed, in 1845, and educated at Charterhouse, where he gained distinction, and attracted the notice of Thackeray at one of the school functions, forming a friendship

which lasted until the novelist's death..
At Oxford he did well, but better in
the cricket field and in the tennis
court than in the schools, obtaining
his 46
Blue" in both games. On leav-
ing Oxford he became Private Secretary
to Lord Spencer, and spent five years.
in Ireland when the latter was Viceroy
in Mr. Gladstone's first Administra-
tion. In 1874 he received the appoint-
ment of Local Government Board In-
spector for the Eastern Counties; but
when Lord Spencer again became Vice-
roy in 1882 Mr. Boyle returned to the
Private Secretaryship, and was thus