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Baker, Dr. William O., vice president, Bell Telephone Laboratories..

Bronk, Dr. Detlev W., Chairman, National Science Board.......

Dingell, Hon. John D., a Representative in Congress from the State of

Michigan.

Kistiakowsky, Dr. George B., professor, Harvard University.

Robbins, Paul H., executive director, National Society of Professional

Engineers...

Staats, Elmer B., Deputy Director, Bureau of the Budget; accom-

panied by Harold Seidman, Acting Assistant Director, Office of

Management and Organization; and Clifford Berg, Office of Manage-
ment and Organization__

Waterman, Dr. Alan T., Director, National Science Foundation;

accompanied by William J. Hoff, General Counsel; and Charles B.

Ruttenberg, Deputy General Counsel..

Letters, statements, etc., submitted for the record by-

Rice, Teron J., legislative action, general manager, Chamber of Com-
merce of the United States: Letter from Teron J. Rice, to Hon.
William L. Dawson, April 16, 1962-

Statement of Richard Wagner, president, Chamber of Commerce
of the United States___

Robbins, Paul H., executive director, National Society of Professional
Engineers:

Excerpt from comment of M. G. G. Gould, technical_director,
U.S. Naval Underwater Ordnance Station, Newport, R.I.....

Excerpt from a report by the Committee on Federal Engineering

and Scientific Activities of the National Society of Professional

Engineers entitled "Organization of Engineering and Scientific

Activities in the Federal Government".

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Smith, Hon. Neal, a Representative in Congress from the State of
Iowa: Excerpt from Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1962...

Staats, Elmer B., Deputy Director, Bureau of the Budget: Excerpt

from the President's message transmitting Reorganization Plan
No. 2 of 1962 to the Congress..

Waterman, Dr. Alan T., Director, National Science Foundation:
Excerpt from Executive Order 10521.

Excerpt from Executive Order 10807, March 13, 1959, entitled
"Administration of Scientific Research by Agencies of the Fed-
eral Government”.

Excerpt from Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1962..
Excerpt from the National Science Foundation Act.

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REORGANIZATION PLAN NO. 2 OF 1962

(Office of Science and Technology-National Science

Foundation)

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,

EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATIVE REORGANIZATION

SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE

COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS,

Washington, D.C.

The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m., in room 1501 New House Office Building, Hon. William L. Dawson (chairman of the subcommittee presiding).

Present: Representatives William L. Dawson, Kathryn E. Granahan, Neal Smith, Clarence J. Brown, and John B. Anderson.

Also present: Representatives Chet Holifield and George Meader. Also present Elmer W. Henderson, counsel; James A. Lanigan, general counsel, Committee on Government Operations; Miles Q. Romney, associate general counsel, and J. Philip Carlson, minority counsel, Government Operations Committee.

Chairman DAWSON. We have before us today Reorganization Plan No. 2 submitted to Congress by President Kennedy on March 29, 1962, and Disapproval Resolution No. 595 which was filed by Congressman Anderson of Illinois on April 11, 1962.

This plan deals with the reorganization of certain science activities in the executive branch of the Government. Its principal provisions would be the following:

1. A new agency is created in the Executive Office of the President called the Office of Science and Technology, to be headed by a director. There will be transferred from the National Science Foundation to the new agency such functions as will enable the Director of the new agency to assist the President in achieving coordination of Federal policies for the promotion of basic science research and education, and to evaluate scientific research programs undertaken by agencies of the Federal Government.

2. The Executive Committee of the National Science Board is reorganized to the composed of five voting members and a procedure is established for their election.

3. A new Office of Director of the National Science Foundation is created, who shall be an additional voting member of the board, and its chairman.

1

(Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1962 and H. Res. 595 follow:)

[H. Doc. 372, 87th Cong., 2d sess.]

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES TRANSMITTING REORGANIZATION PLAN No. 2 OF 1962, PROVIDING FOR CERTAIN REORGANIZATIONS IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

To the Congress of the United States:

I transmit herewith Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1962, prepared in accordance with the provisions of Reorganization Act of 1949, as amended, and providing for certain reorganizations in the field of science and technology.

Part I of the reorganization plan establishes the Office of Science and Technology as a new unit within the Executive Office of the President; places at the head thereof a Director appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and makes provision for a Deputy Director similarly appointed; and transfers to the Director certain functions of the National Science Foundation under sections 3(a) (1) and 3(a) (6) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950.

The new arrangements incorporated in part I of the reorganization plan will constitute an important development in executive branch organization for science and technology. Under those arrangements the President will have permanent staff resources capable of advising and assisting him on matters of national policy affected by or pertaining to science and technology. Considering the rapid growth and far-reaching scope of Federal activities in science and technology, it is imperative that the President have adequtae staff support in developing policies and evaluating programs in order to assure that science and technology are used most effectively in the interests of national security and general welfare.

To this end it is contemplated that the Director will assist the President in discharging the responsibility of the President for the proper coordination of Federal science and technology functions. More particularly, it is expected that he will advise and assist the President as the President may request with respect to

(1) Major policies, plans, and programs of science and technology of the various agencies of the Federal Government, giving appropriate emphasis to the relationship of science and technology to national security and foreign policy, and measure for furthering science and technology in the Nation.

(2) Assessment of selected scientific and technical developments and programs in relation to their impact on national policies.

(3) Review, integration, and coordination of major Federal activities in science and technology, giving due consideration to the effects of such activities on non-Federal resources and institutions.

(4) Assuring that good and close relations exist with the Nation's scientific and engineering communities so as to further in every appropriate way their participation in strengthening science and technology in the United States and the free world.

(5) Such other matters consonant with law as may be assigned by the President to the Office.

The ever-growing significance and complexity of Federal programs in science and technology have in recent years necessitated the taking of several steps for improving the organizational arrangements of the executive branch in relation to science and technology:

(1) The National Science Foundation was established in 1950. The Foundation was created to meet a widely recognized need for an organization to develop and encourage a national policy for the promotion of basic research and education in the sciences, to support basic research, to evaluate research programs undertaken by Federal agencies, and to perform related functions. (2) The Office of the Special Assistant to the President for Science and Technology was established in 1957. The Special Assistant serves as Chairman of both the President's Science Advisory Committee and the Federal Council for Science and Technology, mentioned below.

(3) At the same time, the Science Advisory Committee, composed of eminent non-Government scientists and engineers, and located within the Office of Defense Mobilization, was reconstituted in the White House Office as the President's Science Advisory Committee.

(4) The Federal Council for Science and Technology, composed of policy officials of the principal agencies engaged in scientific and technical activities, was established in 1959.

The National Science Foundation has proved to be an effective instrument for administering sizable programs in support of basic research and education in the sciences and has set an example for other agencies through the administration of its own programs. However, the Foundation, being at the same organizational level as other agencies, cannot satisfactorily coordinate Federal science policies or evaluate programs of other agencies. Science policies, transcending agency lines, need to be coordinated and shaped at the level of the Executive Office of the President drawing upon many resources both within and outside of Government. Similarly, staff efforts at that higher level are required for the evaluation of Government programs in science and technology.

Thus, the further steps contained in part I of the reorganization plan are now needed in order to meet most effectively new and expanding requirements brought about by the rapid and far-reaching growth of the Government's research and development programs. These requirements call for the further strengthening of science organization at the Presidential level and for the adjustment of the Foundation's role to reflect changed conditions. The Foundation will continue to originate policy proposals and recommendations concerning the support of basic research and education in the sciences, and the new Office will look to the Foundation to provide studies and informtion on which sound national policies in science and technology can be based.

Part I of the reorganization plan will permit some strengthening of the staff and consultant resources now available to the President in respect of scientific and technical factors affecting executive branch policies and will also facilitate communication with the Congress.

Part II of the reorganization plan provides for certain reorganizations within the National Science Foundation which will strengthen the capability of the Director of the Foundation to exert leadership and otherwise further the effectiveness of administration of the Foundation. Specifically:

(1) There is established a new office of Director of the National Science Foundation and that Director, ex officio, is made a member of the National Science Board on a basis coordinate with that of other Board members. (2) There is substituted for the now-existing Executive Committee of the National Science Board a new Executive Committee composed of the Director of the National Science Foundation, ex officio, as a voting member and Chairman of the Committee, and of four other members elected by the National Science Board from among its appointive members.

(3) Committees advisory to each of the divisions of the Foundation will make their recommendations to the Director only rather than to both the Director and the National Science Board.

After investigation I have found and hereby declare that each reorganization included in Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1962 is necessary to accomplish one or more of the purposes set forth in section 2(a) of the Reorganization Act of 1949, as amended.

I have found and hereby declare that it is necessary to include in the reorganization plan, by reason of reorganizations made thereby, provisions for the appointment and compensation of the Director and Deputy Director of the Office of Science and Technology and of the Director of the National Science Foundation. The rate of compensation fixed for each of these officers is that which I have found to prevail in respect of comparable officers in the executive branch of the Government.

The functions abolished by the provisions of section 23(b) of the reorganization plan are provided for in sections 4(a), 5(a), 6(a), 6(b), and 8(d) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950.

The taking effect of the reorganizations included in the reorganization plan will provide sound organizational arrangements and will make possible more effective and efficient administration of Government programs in science and technology. It is, however, impracticable to itemize at this time the reductions in expenditures which it is probable will be brought about by such taking effect. I recommend that the Congress allow the reorganization plan to become effective. JOHN F. KENNEDY.

THE WHITE HOUSE, March 29, 1962.

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