Prayers against enemies rejected. Men can watch to them. 75

accuses" them. And what forgiveness shalt thou obtain, 2 Cor. when thou both revilest, and at such a time, when thyself — needest much mercy- For thou drewest near to supplicate for thine own sins: make not mention then of those of others, lest thou recall the memory of thine own. For if thou say, 'Smite mine enemy,' thou hast stopped thy mouth, thou hast cut off boldness from thy tongue: first, indeed, because thou hast angered the Judge at once on prefacing; next, because thou askest things at variance with the character of thy prayer. For if thou comest near for forgiveness of sins, how discoursest thou of punishment? The contrary surely was there need to do, and to pray for them, that we may with boldness beseech this for ourselves also. But now thou hast forestalled the Judge's sentence by thine own, demanding that He punish them that sin: for this depriveth of all pardon. But if thou pray for them, even if thou say nothing in thine own sins' behalf, thou hast achieved all1.' cl*5» Consider how many sacrifices there are in the law; a sacrifice of praise, a sacrifice of acknowledgment, a sacrifice of peace'', a sacrifice of purifications, and numberless others, and not one of them against enemies, but all in behalf either of one's own sins, or one's own successes. For comest thou to another God? To Him thou comest that said, " Pray for Luke 6, your enemies." How then dost thou cry against them ? lto'm.°2 How dost thou beseech God to break His own law? This is !•*• not the guise of a suppliant. None supplicates the destruction of another, but the safety of himself. Why then wearest thou the guise of a suppliant, but hast the words of an accuser? Yet when we pray for ourselves, we scratch ourselves and yawn, and fall into ten thousand thoughts; but when against our enemies, we do so wakefully. For since the devil knows that we are thrusting the sword against ourselves, he doth not distract nor call us off then, that he may work us the greater harm. But, saith one,' I have been injured and am afflicted.' Why not then pray against the devil, who injureth us most of all. This thou hast also been

76 To pray against the enemy. Men, friends. Curses, how senseless

Homil. commanded to say, Deliver us from the evil one. He is thy —irreconcilcable foe, but man, do whatsoever he will, is a friend and brother. With him then let us all be angry; Kom.i6, against him let us beseech God, saying, " Bruise Satan 20" under our feet;" for he it is that breedeth also the enemies [we have]. But if thou pray against enemies, thou prayest so as he would have thee pray, just as if for thine epemies, then against him. Why then letting him go, who is thine enemy indeed, dost thou tear thine own members, more cruel in this than wild beasts. 'But,' saith one, ' he insulted me, and robbed me of money;' and which hath need to grieve, he that suffered injury, or he that inflicted injury? Plainly he that inflicted injury, since whilst he gained money he cast himself out of the favour of God, and lost more than he gained: so that he is the injured party. Surely then need is, not that one pray against, but for him, that God would be merciful W.) to him. See how many things the Three Children suffered, though they had done no harm. They lost country, liberty, were taken captive, and made slaves; and when carried away into a foreign and barbarous land, were even on the Dan. 2, point of being slain on account of the dream, without cause or "bject1. What then? When they had entered in with Ku) fui- Daniel, what prayed they? What said they? Dash down Nabuchodonosor, pull down his diadem, hurl him from the throne? Nothing of this sort; but they desired mercies Dan. 2, of God. And when they were in the furnace, likewise. But 18.lIX. nQt gQ ye. when ye suffer far less tljan they, and oftentimes justly, ye cease not to vent ten thousand imprecations. And one saith, 'Strike down my enemy as Thou overwhelmedst the chariot of Pharaoh;' another,' Blast his flesh another again, 'Requite it on his children.' Recognise ye not these words? Whence then is this your laughter? Seest thou how laughable this is, when it is uttered without passion. And so all sin then discovereth how vile it is, when thou strippest it of the state of mind of the perpetrator. Shouldest thou remind one who has been angered, of the words which he said in his passion, he will sink for shame, and scorn himself, and will wish he had suffered a thousand punishments, rather than those words to be his. And shouldest Joseph's example. The injurious, worthy of pity, not curses. 77

thou, when the embrace is over, bring the unchaste to the 2 Cor.

II 17. woman he sinned with, he too will turn away from her as —'-—

disgusting. And so do ye, because ye are not under the influence of the passion, laugh now. For worthy to be laughed at are they, and the words of drunken old gossips; and springing from a womanish littleness of soul. And yet Joseph, though he had been sold, and made a slave, and had tenanted a prison, uttered not even then a bitter word against the authors of his sorrows. But what saith he? Indeed I was stolen away out of the land of the Hebrews; Gen.40, and addeth not by whom. For he feels more ashamed for the wickednesses of his brethren, than they who wrought them. Such too ought to be our disposition, to grieve for them who wrong us, more than they themselves do. For the hurt passeth on to them. As then "they who kick against nails, yet are proud of it, are fit objects of pity and lamentation on account of this madness; so they who injure those that do them no evil, inasmuch as they wound their own souls, are fit objects for many moans and lamentations, not for curses. For nothing is more polluted than a soul that curseth, or more impure than a tongue that offereth such sacrifices. Thou art a man; vomit not forth the poison of asps. Thou art a man; become not a wild beast For this was thy mouth made, not that thou shouldest bite, but that thou shouldest heal the wounds of others. 'Remember the charge I have given thee,' saith God, ' to pardon and forgive. But thou beseechest Me also to be a party to the overthrow of My own commandments, and devourest thy brother, and reddenest thy tongue, as madmen do their teeth on their own members.' How, thinkest thou, the devil is pleased and laughs, when he hears such a prayer? and how, that God is provoked, and turneth from and abhorreth thee, when thou beseechest things like these? Than which, what can be more dangerous? For if none should approach the mysteries that hath enemies: how must not he, that not only hath, but also prayeth against them, be excluded even from the outer courts themselves? Thinking then on these things, and considering the Subject' of the Sacrifice, that'a,;/,,,. He was sacrificed for enemies; let us not have an enemy:

78 To pray for our enemies, and so obtain forgiveness.

. and if we have, let us pray for him; that we too having obtained forgiveness of the sins we have committed, may stand with boldness at the tribunal of Christ; to Whom be glory for ever. Amenr.

» Ben. Ed.' to Whom be glory, power, and honour, now and ever, and world without end. Amen.'

Olgection arising from his glorying in tribulation. 79

HOMILY VI.

2 Cor. iii. 1.

Do we begin again to commend ourselves? or need we, as some, epistles of commendation to you, or letters of commendation from you?

He anticipates and hath put himself an objection, which others would have urged against him,' Thou vauntest thyself;' and this though he had before employed so strong a corrective in the expressions, Who is sufficient for these things /2Cor.2, and, of sincerity . . . speak we. Howbeit he is not satisfied with these. For such is his character. From appearing to say any thing great of himself he is far removed, and avoids it even to great superfluity and excess. And mark, I pray thee, by this instance also, the abundance of his wisdom. For a thing of woeful aspect, I mean tribulations, he so much exalted, and shewed to be so bright and lustrous, that out of what he said the present objection rose up against him. And he does so also towards the end. For after having enumerated numberless perils, insults, straits, necessities, and as many such like things as be, he added, We commend2 Cor.5, not ourselves, but give you occasion to glory. And he expresses this again with vehemence in that place, and with more of encouragement. For here the words are those of love, Need we, as some, epistles of commendation? but there what he says is full of a kind of pride even, necessarily and properly so, of pride, I say, and anger. For we commend not ourselves again, saith he, but give 2 Cor. 5, you occasion to glory; and, Again, think ye that we^^