CASUALTIES AT BULL RUN. 15 stubborn resistance, they challenged the admiration of the world. The regiments which we mistook for friends, proved to be the 4th Alabama and the 8th Georgia; but they received severe punishment at our hands,-the 8th losing their Lieutenant-Colonel and Adjutant, killed, and many of its enlisted men killed and wounded. The casualties of the 27th, in this battle, were: One officer and twenty-six enlisted men killed; two officers and forty-two men wounded. Sixty men were reported missing, most of them wounded. and taken prisoners, and many of them died from their wounds in the Southern prisons. Total, 131. (For a list of those taken prisoners, see the last chapter.) Among the prisoners were three of the color guard, all of them having been hit during the action. Corp. Fairchild was hit in the left breast by a canister shot, a spent ball, which lodged in his shirt pocket. Corp. Merrill was shot through the left breast. Corp. Wood had a ball through his hand. Lieut. Asa Park, of Co. "D," the only officer killed, was shot in the abdomen. As he was struck, he placed his hand over the wound, and said to the Captain: "See what a big hole that is!" and immediately fell and expired. On the march from Washington and in this battle, many men in the regiment wore white linen "havelocks," with long capes over the back of the neck. These had been recommended to protect the wearers from the effect of the The only good purpose they served, however, was to furnish lint and bandages for the wounded, and were never much worn after this battle. sun. The following is a copy of Major Bartlett's official report of the battle of Bull Run: HEADQUARTERS 27TH REGIMENT N. Y. VOLS. CAMP ANDERSON, Washington, D. C., July 23, 1861. SIR-Pursuant to order, I hereby submit for your consideration a report of the operations of the Twenty-Seventh Regiment New York State Volunteers, under command of Col. H. W. Slocum, in the battle of Bull Run, on July 21, 1861. At precisely 2 o'clock A. M. we formed for march, in rear of the Marine Corps, commanded by Major Reynolds. After an exhausting march of eight hours, the enemy was discovered to be in force on our front and left. Fifteen minutes after their appearance, we were hurried on at double-quick time for the distance of at least one mile, and formed in line of battle by the left flank on the brow of the hill, commanding a part of the enemy's position. Without coming to a halt, we were ordered to charge the enemy by a road leading to the valley beneath us, where they were in numbers strongly positioned in and about a large stone house, with a battery of six mounted howitzers commanding the approach. The men, though greatly fatigued and exhausted, gallantly attacked and drove the enemy from the house, who retired in disorder behind their battery, leaving a large number of killed and wounded on the field. The battery was next attacked, and after receiving eleven rounds hastily retired, taking up another position about one hundred and fifty yards on our left and front. We were immediately attacked on our right flank by a large force, who approached by a ravine, under cover of a thick growth of bushes, and in the front by about 1,500 others, who had been driven from their position on the hill commanding our left, and whom we mistook for the 8th New York Regiment coming to our support. By this mistake we lost many killed and wounded, besides the opportunity of capturing a large number of prisoners. We were now engaged by more than twice our own numbers, and fired upon from concealed positions, and receiving the fire of the battery from its new point of attack. Perceiving the necessity of support, I rallied about 200 of the 8th New York Regiment on the brow of the hill commanding the enemy; and the Colonel withdrew the regiment to the top of the hill in a perfectly exhausted condition, formed, and marched them into the woods for rest. During our retreat Colonel Slocum received a wound from a musket ball, in the right thigh, which rendered it necessary for him to retire from the field, which he did, placing the command in my hands. After remaining half an hour in this position I was commanded by Capt, Averill, Aid-de-Camp to the Colonel commanding, to join a united charge to be made against the enemy's strongest position by all the regiments not actually engaged at that moment. I marched in four ranks, under fire of BARTLETT'S REPORT. 17 the battery commanding the road, to the creek, and filed to the right, under protection of its banks, to await the general assault. Seeing our forces engage the enemy by small detachments, and not in the order in which the attack was commanded to be made-that they were repulsed and driven back in disorder, and believing that no assistance I could render would avail in restraining the troops or stay their flight, I withdrew my command in perfect order to the heights above the stream, and formed in line of battle, facing the enemy, and remained in position until thousands of troops had passed to our rear, in flight and confusion. I then, at the urgent solicitation of the line officers, marched to the rear in direction of the retreat, and again formed, by command of General McDowell, in line of battle, facing the enemy, that he might have a nucleus to form the Division upon once more. The attempt proving ineffectual, I again marched to the rear, and by his command formed in line a third time. It being impossible to form in any force upon our lines, I withdrew the regiment from the field, and after a short rest, joined the retreating column. In the retreat to Washington we lost two sergeants-believed to have been cut off from the regiment at the bridge, which was fired upon by the enemy-and many men from exhaustion. I am happy to report that, during the whole day, the men of the regiment behaved coolly and gallantly, promptly obeying every order; and that they never once retreated or gave way before the enemy without a positive command. COL. ANDREW PORTER, J. J. BARTLETT, Major, commanding. Commanding Second Brigade. EXTRACTS, RELATING TO THE MOVEMENTS OF THE 27TH REGIMENT, FROM COL. ANDREW PORTER'S OFFICIAL REPORT OF THE BATTLE. "The head of the First Brigade was immediately turned slightly to the right, in order to give time and room for deployment on the right of the Second Brigade. Griffin's Battery found its way through the timber to the fields beyond, followed promptly by the Marines, while the Twenty-Seventh took direction more to the left. The enemy appeared drawn up in a long line, extending along the Warrenton turnpike. Our right was rapidly developed by the Marines, Twenty-Seventh, Fourteenth and Eighth, with the Cavalry in rear of the * * * * * * * * * * * right the enemy retreated with more precipitation than order as our line advanced. * Rebels soon came flying through the woods towards the right, and the Twenty-Seventh completed their rout by charging directly upon their center, in the face of a scorching fire, while the Fourteenth and Eighth moved down the turnpike, to cut off the retiring foe, and to support the Twenty-Seventh, which had lost its gallant Colonel, but was standing the brunt of the action, with its ranks thinning in the dreadful fire. Tyler's Division was engaged with the enemy's right. The Twenty-Seventh was resting in the edge of the woods in the center. * The prestige of success had thus far attended the efforts of our inexperienced but gallant troops. A column, composed of the Twenty-Seventh New York, Eleventh and Fifth Massachusetts, First Minnesota and Sixty-Ninth New York moved up towards the left flank of the batteries. Fire came from some infantry of the enemy, which had been mistaken for our own forces. Soon the slopes behind us were swarming with our retreating and disorganized forces. * * * * * * * * * * * * * The Twenty-Seventh was the first to rally, under the command of Major then ordered a retreat to Centerville. those who deserve special mention are: Col. H. W. Slocum, who was wounded while leading his gallant Twenty-Seventh New York to the charge; and Maj. J. J. Bartlett, who subsequently commanded it, and by his enthusiasm and valor kept it in action and out of the panic. His conduct was imitated by his subordinates, of whom two, Capt. H. C. Rogers and Lieut. H. C. Jackson, were wounded, and Ensign Asa Park was killed. Col. 16th Infantry U. S. Army, commanding Brigade. To Capt. J. B. Fry, A. A. G. A CHAPTER II. FTER our return from the battle of Bull Run, we occupied our quarters at Franklin Square, in Washington, until near the middle of August. That terrible disease, camp diarrhoea-more destructive than the enemy's bullets -broke out in the regiment, and for a few weeks made sad havoc with the men. Drilling was dispensed with, and all other duties not absolutely necessary. It was impossible to find enough capable of performing duty to make up a complete camp guard. On August 1st, we received our first pay from the United States, for one month and ten days' service, amounting to $15.03, in gold. This was a bonanza for the boys. Col. Slocum visited the camp on August 13th, still suffering from his wound, and walking upon crutches. Everybody was glad to see him, but sorry that we must soon lose him, as he had been promoted to Brigadier-General. One day about this time, while a number of general officers were together at Gen. 's headquarters, it was announced in the papers that Grant-who was operating in the West-had been made a Brigadier-General, on the 7th of August. Several of these officers, who had known him in the regular army, received the announcement with derisive laughter, and ridiculed the appointee as one wholly unfit for the position. In the light of subsequent events, they must have felt somewhat chagrined at their former estimate of our great captain. On August 14th several of the line officers were detailed on recruiting service, and went home on twenty days' leave of absence. The same date, Aug. 14th, the regiment was assigned to Gen. Heintzleman's brigade, and ordered to move. We then packed up, and again crossing the Long Bridge, marched to Camp Vernon, on Hunting Creek, near Alexandria, where |