PARTY PLATFORMS IN 1901 ON NATIONAL ISSUES-Continued.

It reprobated any attempt to deprive any citizen of his right to vote under the Constitution and demanded that representation in Congress and in the Electoral College shall be based on the actual voting population, proportionate reduction being made for any State in which the right of suffrage shall be denied except for crime.

It recognized the right of both labor and capital to combine, when such combinations are wisely administered for the general good, but combinations which create monopolies to control prices or limit production are an evil which must be met by effective legislation, vigorously enforced."

The platform was devoted parties in an effort to redeem

PENNSYLVANIA.

DEMOCRATIC CONVENTION.

exclusively to local affairs and welcomed the coöperation of voters of all our Commonwealth from the political freebooters who now control it." REPUBLICAN CONVENTION,

With the exception of the following resolution eulogizing the National Administration the platform discussed only local issues: In 1896, near the close of the last Democratic Administration, the business interests of the country were prostrated, capital remained uninvested, and labor was idle and unproductive. The election of McKinley revived our languishing industries and started the nation on an era of prosperity such as it never knew before. We congratulate the American people on the good sense shown in the reelection of President McKinley. His administration has met every question with which it has been confronted in a wise, patriotic, and statesmanlike manner. In all the vexed questions growing out of the war with Spain our National Administration has shown itself entirely capable and worthy of the greatest public confidence Under this Administration great armies and navies were raised, our flag was carried in honor and triumph to distant parts of the world, and our supremacy on land and sea sustained, until now we are recognized as one of the greatest world powers.

VIRGINIA.

DEMOCRATIC CONVENTION.

Allegiance to Democracy Affirmed. -The Democrats of the State of Virginia, in convention assembled, reaffirm their allegiance and unfaltering devotion to the National Democratic party, and declare their admiration for its leaders from Jefferson to Bryan, who have borne the party standards to victory and defeat.

The Trusts.-We declare unalterable opposition to the criminal trusts, and to every illegal combination of capital. We denounce such trusts as a serious menace to public welfare restricting the opportunities and absorbing the subsistence of the people. They are the direct product of partial and unjust legislation, and a reckless multiplication of corporations without suitable provisions for their control. The rights of American freemen must not be sacrificed in the interests of corporations banded together for their destruction. We arraign the Republican party both for its failure to enforce existing laws and to enact others against the trusts.

REPUBLICAN CONVENTION.

The National Administration was indorsed. The platform denounced illegal combinations of capital, but waged no war on legitimate trusts. The attempt of the Democracy to discriminate in favor of or against citizens on account of race or color was condemned.

Proposed Criminal Code of the United States.

A COMMISSION to revise and codify the criminal and penal laws of the United States submitted its report to the Attorney-General in July, 1901. The commission was composed of Alexander E. Botkin, David K. Watson, and William D. Bynum, and acted under the following provision of an act of Congress: The President, with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint three commissioners, whose duty it shall be, under the direction of the Attorney-General, to revise and codify the criminal and penal laws of the United States. They shall proceed with their work as rapidly as may be consistent with thoroughness and shall report the result of their labors to the Attorney-General when completed, to be by him laid before Congress, and shall make such other reports during the progress of their work as they shall see fit to the Attorney-General, to be laid before Congress at his discretion. Their report shall be so made as to indicate any proposed change in the substance of existing law, and shall be accompanied by notes which shall briefly and clearly state the reasons for any proposed change.

The proposed code, as reported by the commission, is divided into fifteen chapters, covering the following classification of offences: Offences against the existence of the Government, against neutrality, against the elective franchise and the civil rights of citizens, against the operations of Government, official duties, public justice, the currency and coinage, the postal service, foreign and interstate commerce, the slave trade and peonage, offences within the territorial and maritime jurisdiction of the United States, piracy and other offences upon the sea, certain offences in the Territories, general provisions, and a chapter containing repealing provisions. The eleventh chapter, which deals with offences against the territorial and maritime jurisdiction of the United States, is divided into six subchapters, dealing respectively with offences against the person, against property, against the public peace, against chastity, decency, and morality, against public policy, and against public health and safety.

In a summary of the labors of the commission Samuel J. Barrows, Commissioner of the United States to the International Prison Commission, says:

"Where no other penalty is fixed, attempts are made punishable by one-half of the term of imprisonment or fine prescribed for the offence attempted. Accessories after the fact are made subject to one-half of the term of imprisonment or fine imposed upon principals. Where the principal is punishable by death the punishment for an accessory is fixed at imprisonment for not more than ten years. Offences punishable by death or imprisonment for a term exceeding one year are deemed felonies; all other offences, except treason, are deemed misdemeanors.

"The commission has largely followed the code of New York in treating common offences against property and person. It recognizes the value of parole laws and the indeterminate sentence as adopted in many of the States, but finds obstacles to their adoption by the United States. The difficulties of dealing with United States prisoners in State institutions are recognized and stated without recommendations "

National Platforms of 1900 on Emperialism
and Expansion.

DEMOCRATIC PLATFORM, ADOPTED AT KANSAS CITY, MO.

WE declare again that all governments instituted among men derive their just powers from the consent of the governed; that any government not based upon the consent of the governed is a tyranny; and that to impose upon any people a government of force is to substitute the methods of imperialism for those of a republic.

We hold that the Constitution follows the flag, and denounce the doctrine that an Executive or Congress, deriving their existence and their powers from the Constitution, can exercise lawful authority beyond it, for in violation of it we assert that no nation can long endure half republic and half empire, and we warn the American people that imperialism abroad will lead quickly and inevitably to despotism at home.

It has in

We condemn and denounce the Philippine policy of the present Administration. volved the Republic in unnecessary war, sacrificed the lives of many of our noblest sons, and placed the United States, previously known and applauded throughout the world as the champion of freedom, in the false and un-American position of crushing with military force the efforts of our former allies to achieve liberty and self-government.

The Filipinos cannot be citizens without endangering our civilization; they cannot be subjects without imperilling our form of government, and as we are not willing to surrender our civilization or to convert the Republic into an empire, we favor an immediate declaration of the nation's purpose to give to the Filipinos first a stable form of government; second, independence; and third, protection from outside interference, such as has been given for nearly a century to the republics of Central and South America.

The greedy commercialism which dictated the Philippine policy of the Republican Administration attempts to justify it with the plea that it will pay, but even this sordid and unworthy plea fails when brought to the test of facts.

The war of criminal aggression against the Filipinos, entailing an annual expense of many millions, has already cost more than any possible profit that could accrue from the entire Philippine trade for years to come. Furthermore, when trade is extended at the expense of liberty the price is always too high.

We are not opposed to territorial expansion when it takes in desirable territory which can be erected into States in the Union, and whose people are willing and fit to become American citizens. We favor expansion by every peaceful and legitimate means. But we are unalterably opposed to the seizing or purchasing of distant islands, to be governed outside the Constitution, and whose people can never become citizens.

We are in favor of extending the Republic's influence among the nations, but believe that influence should be extended not by force and violence, but through the persuasive power of a high and honorable example.

The importance of other questions now pending before the American people is in nowise diminished, and the Democratic party takes no backward step from its position on them, but the burning issue of imperialism growing out of the Spanish War involves the very existence of the Republic and the destruction of our free institutions. We regard it as the paramount issue of the campaign.

REPUBLICAN PLATFORM, ADOPTED AT PHILADELPHIA, PA.

We indorse the Administration of William McKinley. Its acts have been established in wisdom and in patriotism, and at home and abroad it has distinctly elevated and extended the influence of the American nation. Walking untried paths and facing unforeseen responsibilities, President McKinley has been in every situation the true American patriot and the upright statesman, clear in. vision, strong in judgment, firm in action, always inspiring and deserving the confidence of his countrymen.

While the American people, sustained by this Republican legislation, have been achieving these splendid triumphs in their business and commerce, they have conducted and in victory concluded a war for liberty and human rights. No thought of national aggrandizement tarnished the high purpose with which American standards were unfurled.

It was a war unsought and patiently resisted, but when it came the American Government was ready. Its fleets were cleared for action, its armies were in the field, and the quick and signal triumph of its forces on land and sea bore equal tribute to the courage of American soldiers and sailors and to the skill and foresight of Republican statesmanship. To ten millions of the human race there was given a new birth of freedom," and to the American people a new and noble responsibility.

In accepting by the treaty of Paris the just responsibility of our victories in the Spanish War, the President and the Senate won the undoubted approval of the American people. No other course was possible than to destroy Spain's sovereignty throughout the Western Indies and in the Philippine Islands.

That course created our responsibility before the world, and with the unorganized population whom our intervention had freed from Spain to provide for the maintenance of law and order, and for the establishment of good government, and for the performance of international obligations.

Our authority could not be less than our responsibility, and wherever sovereign rights were extended it became the high duty of the Government to maintain its authority, to put down armed insurrection, and to confer the blessings of liberty and civilization upon all the rescued peoples.

The largest measure of self-government consistent with their welfare and our duties shall be secured to them by law.

President McKinley has conducted the foreign affairs of the United States with distinguished credit to the American people. In releasing us from the vexatious conditions of a European alliance for the government of Samoa, his course is especially to be commended. By securing to our undivided control the most importantlisland of the Samoan group and the best harbor in the Southern Pacific, every American interest has been safeguarded.

We approve the annexation of the Hawaiian Islands to the United States.

New markets are necessary for the increasing surplus of our farm products. Every effort should be made to open and obtain new markets especially in the Orient, and the Administration is warmly to be commended for its successful effort to commit all trading and colonizing nations to the policy of the open door in China.

Democratic National and State Committees.

DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL COMMITTEE.

Appointed by the Democratic National Convention at Kansas City, July, 1900
JAMES K. JONES.. Wash'gt'n, Ark.| Missouri

Vice-Chairman..W. J. Stone. ...St. Louis, Mo.

Montana.
Nebraska...
Nevada

William J. Stone..St. Louis/
..J. S. M. Neill...... Helena.
.J. C. Dahlman .....Omaha.
J. R. Ryan..

New Hampshire. True L. Norris.
New Jersey W. B. Gourley

New Mexico.. H B. Fergusson

New York

DEMOCRATIC STATE COMMITTEES.

Charles H. Stoddard.. Reno...

New Hampshire... John F. Amey

Republican National and State Committees.

REPUBLICAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE.

Mississippi

Missouri.

Montana.

H. C. Turley....... Natchez.
R. C. Kerens. St. Louis.
Wm. H. De Witt... Butte.

Appointed by the Republican National Convention at Philadelphia, June, 1900.
MARCUSA. HANNA.Cleveland, O.
...Perry S. Heath.... Chicago, Ill.
. Cornelius N. Bliss.. New York.
.J. W. Dimmick.... Montgomery.
John G. Healdt....Juneau.
W. M. Griffith.. .Tucson.

New Hampshire. Charles T. Means.. Manchester.
.F. T. Murphy .. Newark.
Solomon Luna... Los Lunas.
Fred. S. Gibbs. New York.
North Carolina..J. C. Pritchard.... Marshall.
North Dakota.... Alex. McKenzie... Bismarck.
Ohio
Myron T. Herrick.. Cleveland.
William Grimes...Kingfisher.
George A. Steel.... Portland.
Pennsylvania....Matt. S. Quay..... Beaver.
Rhode Island.... Charles R. Brayton, Providence
South Carolina..John G. Capers.... Charleston.
South Dakota....J. M. Greene.... .. Chamberlain.
Tennessee.. W. P. Brownlow...Jonesboro.

REPUBLICAN STATE COMMITTEES.

Chairman.
Secretary..

Chairman Finance Committee.

Chairman Secretary.

("GOLD DEMOCRACY.")

CHARLES TRACEY, Albany, N. Y. .JOHN P. FRENZEL, Indianapolis, Ind . CHARLES J. CANDA, New York.

People's Party National Committee.

(FUSION.)

Appointed by the National Convention at Sioux Falls, S. D., May, 1900.

MARION BUTLER, Elliott, N. C. ........J. A. EDGERTON, Denver, Col.

..J. A. PARKER, Louisville, Ky.

....J. E. MCBRIDE, Grand Rapids, Mich.
MILTON PARK, Dallas, Tex.

Executive Committee-George L. Spence, Parkersburg, W. Va.; W. L. Peek, Conyers, Ga.; C. M. Walter, Indianapolis, Ind.; Halder E. Boen, Fergus Falls, Minn.; J. K. Sears, McCoy, Ore.; A. W. Fawkner, Omaha, Neb.

Silver Republican National Committee.

Appointed by the National Convention at Kansas City. Mo., July, 1900.
D. C. TILLOTSON, Topeka, Kan.
Secretary and Treasurer
.S. E. CORSER, Minneapolis, Minn.

Chairman

Christian Union Party National Executive Committee.

Appointed at the National Convention at Rock Island, Ill., May, 1900. Chairman-William R. Benkert, Davenport, Ia. Vice-Chairman-Dr. J. E. Asay, Rock Island, Secretary-Rev. Wallace R. Struble, The Temple, Chicago, Ill. Treasurer-A. D. Martin, Rock Island, Ill. Members-Rev. J. M. Wylie, Evans, Col.; D. H. Martin, Pittsburgh, Pa.; C. W. Pattee, Bunker Hill, Ind.

Ill.