UNITED STATES PENSION STATISTICS-Continued. PENSION AGENCIES AND GEOGRAPHICAL LIMITS, JUNE 30, 1901. Topeka Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, New Mexico. Chicago. Chicago Washington Chicago Chicago.. New York City Washington.. Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, W. Va., D. C., Foreign Washington... 2,743,320, 45 6,674,045. 19 10,344,721. 40 8,202,737,98 4,042, 449.99 7,120, 779.95 6,917.941.33 7,842,654, 52 6,532, 469. 80 4,804, 713.79 16, 132,946, 00 8,213,116. 71 $139,582, 231.98 * Excepting the States in the Louisville and Washington districts. The expenses of the Pension Bureau and of pension agencies in disbursing the pension fund during the fiscal year were $3,868, 794, 84. From 1866 to 1901 inclusive, this expense has been $73,425,685.56. The names of the pension agents will be found in the list of officials of the Federal Govern The oldest pensioner on the rolls June 30, 1901, was Hiram Cronk, aged 101 years, who resided at Ava, Oneida County, N. Y. WIDOWS OF REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS ON PENSION ROLLS JUNE 30, 1901. It will be seen that it is possible that the widow of a Revolutionary soldier may be drawing a pension in the year 1916. For a similar reason the widow of a veteran of the late Civil War may be living in 2002, and of the war with Spain in 2050. Daniel F. Bakeman, the last survivor of the War of the Revolution, died in Freedom, Cattaraugus County, N. Y., April 5, 1869, aged 109 years. SURVIVOR OF THE WAR OF 1812 ON PENSION ROLLS JUNE 30, 1901. Cronk, Hiram Age. Service (troops). Town. Ava...... State. New York. Mrs. U. S. Grant and Mrs. J. A. Garfield receive pensions of $5,000 a year; Mrs. Phil. Sheridan has $2,500; eight, including Mrs. John C. Fremont, Mrs. Logan, and Mrs. George B. McClellan, receive $2,000 a year, and forty-five receive $1,200 a year. Among these are the widows of Generals Banks, Gresham, Custer, Doubleday, Hartranft, Robert Anderson, Casey, Gibbon, Kilpatrick, Mower, Paul, Ricketts, Warren, and Rousseau, and Admiral Wilkes. Among the notable pensioners who receive pensions of $100 a month are ex-Senator John M. Thayer, of Lincoln, Neb.; Franz Sigel, of New York, and John C. Black, of Chicago. The following are the ratings per month for disabilities incurred in the service: Army.-Lieutenant-colonel and all officers of higher rank, $30; major, surgeon, and paymaster, $25; captain and chaplain, $20; first lieutenant and assistant surgeon, $17; second lieutenant and enrolling officer, $15; enlisted men, $8. Navy.-Captain and all officers of higher rank, commander, surgeon, paymaster, and chief engineer, $30; lieutenant, passed assistant surgeon, surgeon, paymaster, and chief engineer, $25; master, professor of mathematics, and assistant surgeon, $20; first assistant engineer, ensign, and pilot, $15; cadet midshipman, passed midshipman, midshipman, warrant officers, $10; enlisted men, $8. The Public Lands of the United States. (Prepared for THE WORLD ALMANAC by the General Land Office, November, 1901.) THE following is a tabular statement showing land surface area and the number of acres of public lands surveyed in the following land States and Territories up to June 30, 1901; also the total area of the public domain remaining unsurveyed within the same, etc. : *There were 1,360,620. 03 acres embraced in forest reserves in California, the exterior lines of which were surveyed under direction of this office, which are not counted in this column. †There were 277,305. 25 acres of resurveys executed in Grant and Hooker Counties, Nebraska, not counted in this column, because previously counted in the surveyed area. This estimate is of a very general nature, and affords no index to the disposable volume of land remaining nor the amount available for agricultural purposes. It includes Indian and other public reservations, unsurveyed private land claims, as well as surveyed private land claims, in the districts of Arizona, California, Colorado, and New Mexico; the sixteenth and thirty-sixth sections reserved for common schools; unsurveyed lands-embraced in railroad, swamp land, and other grants; the great mountain areas; the areas of unsurveyed rivers and lakes, and large areas wholly unproductive and unavailable for ordinary purposes. PUBLIC LANDS VACANT AND SUBJECT TO ENTRY AND SETTLEMENT IN THE PUBLICLAND STATES AND TERRITORIES, JULY 1, 1901. *The unreserved lands in Alaska are mostly unsurveyed and unappropriated. This aggregate is exclusive of Ohio, Indiana, Illinofs, and Iowa, in which, if any public land remains, it consists of a few small isolated tracts. It is also exclusive of military and Indian reservations, reservoir sites, and timber reservations, and tracts covered by selections, filings, railroad grants, and claims as yet unadjudicated, a part of which may in the future be added to the public domain. The receipts of the General Land Office in the fiscal year ended June 30, 1901, were: From disposal of public land, $4,307, 437.15; disposal of Indian land, $585, 661. 27: depredations on public Îand, $36.471.83; sales of timber (act March 3, 1891, and act June 4, 1897), $25, 305.95; sales of Government property, $597. 78; for furnishing of records and plats, $14, 429. 22; from fees and commissions, $16,686.81. Railroads during the fiscal year selected 2,470,804.55 acres, and State selections were 1,243,519,92 acres. PUBLIC LANDS OF THE UNITED STATES-Continued. STATEMENT OF NUMBER OF ACRES ENTERED ANNUALLY UNDER THE HOMESTEAD AND TIMBER CULTURE ACTS, FROM JULY 1, 1866, TO JUNE 30, 1901, INCLUSIVE. The Fellowstone National Park. THE reservation known as the Yellowstone National Park, set apart for public uses by an act of Congress passed in 1872, covers a tract of about sixty-five miles in length, from north to south, and about fifty-five miles in width, from east to west, lying chiefly in Northwestern Wyoming, and overlapping, to a small extent, the boundaries of Montana, on the north, and Idaho, on the west. This gives an area of 3,312 square miles, a tract that is nearly the area of the States of Rhode Island and Delaware combined, and nearly half as large as the State of Massachusetts. The Rocky Mountain chain crosses the southwestern portion in an irregular line, leaving by far the greater expanse on the eastern side. The least elevation of any of the narrow valleys is 6,000 feet, and some of them are from 1,000 to 2,000 feet higher. The mountain ranges which hem in these valleys are from 10,000 to upward of 11,000 feet in height, Electric Peak (in the northwest corner of the park, not far back of Mammoth Hot Springs) having an elevation of 11,155 feet, and Mount Langford and Turret Mountain (both in the Yellowstone Range) reaching the height of 11,155 and 11, 142 feet respectively. Acts of the Fifty-sixth Congress. SECOND SESSION. THE principal bills of a public nature which became laws during the second session of the Fiftysixth Congress, beginning December 3, 1900, and end ing March 4, 1901, were as follows: Chapter 93. An act making an apportionment of Representatives in Congress among the several States under the Twelfth Census. [January 16, 1901.] The act provided that after March 3, 1903, the House of Representatives shall be composed of 386 members apportioned among the several States as directed (see Reapportionment of the House of Representatives under the Twelfth Census). Whenever a new State is admitted the Representative assigned to it shall be in addition to the number 386. The districts shall be composed of contiguous and compact territory containing as nearly as practicable an equal number of inhabitants." Chapter 192. An act to increase the efficiency of the permanent military establishment in the United States. [February 2, 1901.] The act provided for a radical reorganization of the army in many important respects. The anti-canteen" section (Section 38) read as follows: The sale of or dealing in beer, wine, or any intoxicating liquors by any person in any post, exchange, or canteen or army transportation, or upon any premises used for military purposes by the United States, is hereby prohibited." Chapter 469. An act for the preparation of plans or designs for a memorial or statue of General Ulysses S. Grant on ground belonging to the United States Government in the city of Washington, D. C. [February 23, 1901.] The act appropriated $250,000 for the purpose. Chapter 800. An act to carry into effect the stipulations of Article 7 of the Treaty between the United States and Spain, concluded December 10, 1898. [March 2, 1901. ] Chapter 803. An act making appropriation for the support of the army for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1902. [March 2, 1901.] This act contained the provision that the future relations between the United States and Cuba must be defined in the Constitution of the latter, and prescribed what those relations must be. (See article on page 180 entitled Cuba.) The act also authorized the President to establish temporary civil government in the Philippines. Chapter 804. An act making appropriations for the support of the Military Academy for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1902, and for other purposes. [March 2,1901.] This act contained a provision regarding hazing at the Academy, which directed that the superintendent shall make such rules, to be approved by the Secretary of War, as will effectually prevent the practice of hazing, and any cadet found guilty of participating in or encouraging or countenancing such practice shall be summarily expelled from the Academy and shall not thereafter be reappointed to the corps of cadets, or be eligible for appointment as a commissioned officer in the Army or Navy or Marine Corps, until two years after the graduation of the class of which he was a member." Chapter 806. An act to amend an act entitled "An act to provide ways and means to meet war expenditures and for other purposes," approved June 13, 1898, and to reduce taxation thereunder. [March 2, 1901.] The act repealed a part of the war revenue taxes established in 1898 and reduced others. (See page 95.) Chapter 853. An act making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1902, and for other purposes. [March 3, 1901.] A section of this act contained a provision in regard to the enlarged powers of the commission to revise and codify the criminal and penal laws of the United States, which prescribed that in performing that duty the said commission shall bring together all statutes and parts of statutes relating to the same subjects, shall omit redundant and obsolete enactments, and shall make such alterations as may be necessary to reconcile the contradictions, supply the omissions, and amend the imperfections of the original text; and may propose and embody in such revision changes in the substance of the existing law. When complete, the revision is to be submitted to Congress so that it may be re-enacted, if Congress shall so determine. Chapter 854. An act to establish a code of law for the District of Columbia. [March 3, 1901. j Chapter 864. An act to provide for celebrating the one hundredth anniversary of the purchase of the Louisiana Territory by the United States by holding an international exhibition of arts, industries, manufactures, and products of the soil, mine, forest, and sea, in the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri. [March 3, 1901.] The act created a commission to be known as the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commission, to be composed of nine commissioners to be appointed by the President, and to perform various administrative duties in connection with the exposition, as defined in the act. Five million dollars was appropriated to be expended on the exposition, under the direction of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Company. The act appropriated also the sum of $250,000 for a government building. Chapter 866. An act requiring common carriers engaged in interstate commerce to make full reports of all accidents to the Interstate Commerce Commission. [March 3, 1901.] The act requires the general manager or other proper officer of every common carrier engaged in interstate commerce by railroad to make to the Interstate Commerce Commission a sworn monthly circumstantial report of all collisions, or where any part of the train accidentally leaves the track, and of all accidents to its passengers, or to its employés while on duty, with a heavy penalty for the omission to make the report, but with a provision that it shall not be admitted as evidence or used for any purpose in any suit or action for damages against such railroad growing out of any matter therein mentioned. Chapter 872. An act to establish a National Bureau of Standards. [March 3, 1901.] The functions of the bureau created by this act-which bureau is a substitute for the office of Standard Weights and Measures-consists in the custody of standards and the comparison of the Government standards with those used in scientific investigations, engineering, manufacturing, commercial and educational institutions, and the construction of standards and the determination of physical constants and the properties of materials. The bureau will exercise its functions for the National or State governments, or any scientific society, educational institution, company, or individual in the United States engaged in manufacturing or other pursuits requiring the use of standards or standard measuring nstruments. Among the important measures of the Fifty-sixth Congress which did not become laws were the Nicaragua Canal bill and Anti-Trust bill, both of which passed the House; the Shipping Subsidy bill, the Philippines Cable bill, the Oleomargarine Restriction bill, and the bills extending the EightHour law, increasing the annual allowance .o the militia from $400,000 to $1,000,000, and providing for the election of United States Senators by the people. The Hay-Pauncefote treaty in reference to the construction of the Nicaragua Canal and the modification of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty of 1850 was rejected by the Senate. For a summary of the acts of the first session of the Fifty-sixth Congress, see page 84 of THE WORLD ALMANAC for 1901, State Legislation in 1901. THE following summary of the more important legislation effected by State Legislatures in 1901 is compiled by permission from the address of Edmund Wetmore, Esq., of New York, President of the American Bar Association, to the association at the annual meeting at Denver, Col., held in August, 1901: Corporations and Trusts continued to occupy much legislative attention. The incorporation of a company in one State solely for the purpose of doing business elsewhere is not generally looked upon with favor in the States where they are intended to operate, and there is a tendency to exact, as far as possible, the same guarantees and extend the same control over foreign corporations as over those chartered by the State where they do business and even to hold the foreign corporation to a stricter accountability. A law of Indiana enacted that every foreign corporation doing business in that State shall maintain a public office therein for the transaction of its business, and shall not be permitted to mortgage, pledge, or otherwise encumber its real or personal property situated in the State to the injury or exclusion of citizens of Indiana, and no mortgage by any foreign corporation, except railroad and telegraph companies, given to secure any debt created in any other State, shall take effect against citizens of Indiana until all its liabilities due to any person or corporation in the State of Indiana at the time of recording such mortgage have been paid and extinguished. By a further provision of the same act every foreign corporation now or hereafter doing business in the State of Indiana must file a copy of its articles or certificate of incorporation and pay upon the proportion of its capital stock represented by its property and business in Indiana incorporating taxes and fees equal to those of similar corporations formed under the laws of that State. Nevada provided for the filing by such corporations of an annual statement of their business, and Wisconsin, by an amended act, a statement of the proportion of capital stock represented by property situated within that State for the purposes of taxation. Similar acts to the foregoing now exist in many of the States. Any foreign life insurance company which unsuccessfully contests any claim for insurance in the State of Colorado must pay to the successful party an attorney's fee to be taxed by the court, and if the court or jury shall find that the defence was frivolous or interposed for delay, shall forfeit an amount not to exceed 25 per cent of the recovery. West Virginia amended her statute by requiring that stock, except for the purchase by mining or manufacturing companies of property for corporate use, shall not be disposed of by a company incorporated in that State for less than par without a vote of three-fourths of the stockholders, and a large increase is made in the annual license tax for the right to do business. And New Jersey, by a supplement to her laws, imposed an annual franchise tax especially directed to companies not carrying on business in the State, and, by proclamation of the Governor, under date of March, 1901, forfeited the charters of some six hundred corporations for the non-payment of other taxes already imposed. Other States have shown a tendency to relax their laws in some important respects in order to retain corporations within their own borders. With this end in view, an amendment to the laws of Rhode Island limits the liability of stockholders and officers of manufacturing corporations, for the debts or obligations of such company, to the shares of such members paid up to the par value thereof, and repeals the sections of the old law requiring the filing of annual returns as to the value of property and the amount of debts and liabilities. But the most marked advance in this direction was seen in the enactments of the Legislature of New York, indicating a distinct change in the policy of the State, and a purpose to attract incorporated capital. By these laws the liability of stockholders and directors is restricted. The incorporation tax has been reduced. The duty of filing an annual report, the omission of which rendered each individual director liable for all the debts of the corporation, has been stricken from the statutes, and a report is only required, whether from domestic or foreign corporations, on the written request of a stockholder or creditor. The power to borrow money has been enlarged, and a corporation is permitted to borrow as much as its credit and security will permit, without reference to the amount of its capitalization. Proceedings for an increase or diminution of capital stock are simplified. Agreements are authorized for pooling stock or creating voting trusts, and the issue of certificates of beneficial interest in lieu of stock deposited with the trustee and the purchasers of corporate mortgage bonds are protected by a provision that a mortgage given by the corporation, after it is recorded for one year and the interest paid thereon, becomes valid notwithstanding irregularity in the method of its execution. These were some of the most significant changes in the laws affecting corporations in the State of New York. Somewhat in contrast to the statutory changes in New York upon this subject, may be placed the continuance in other States of the legislation intended to restrict or abolish the corporations which may be classified as trusts. The statute of Indiana was extended so that all agreements or combinations, whereby any party or corporation refuses to furnish any article required to be used in the manufacture of any article of merchandise, when the party or corporation can furnish the same, or by charging more than the regular and ordinary price therefor, and all arrangements, contracts, or acts made for the purpose of compelling any manufacturer to cease the manufacture of any article of merchandise, or to close down or go out of business, are declared against public policy and void, and the violation of the act by any corporation ipso facto forfeits its charter, and its violation by any individual, as director, agent, or otherwise, is made a felony. By an amendment to a former act it was made unlawful in Minnesota to enter into any agreement, trust, combination, or understanding to fix the price of any article or commodity, or to maintain said price, or to fix the amount or limit the quantity of any article or thing whatsoever, or to limit competition by refusing to buy from or sell to any person or corporation because such other person or corporation is not a member of or party to such combination, or to boycott or threaten any one for buying from or selling to such outside parties, and large powers are conferred upon the district courts of the State to restrain violations of the law by injunction, but it is provided that labor organizations shall not be deemed trusts under the act. Labor.-The laws passed during the year relating to labor continued to exhibit the strong disposition to favor the working classes. California, Minnesota, and Utah, by stringent laws, provided that eight hours shall constitute a day's work on all public works or contracts, and an act of the Montana Legislature, in the case of |