them seemeth best, in such manner as hereinafter is expressed. But not less than two thirds shall make a quorum in the passing of laws, and choice of such officers as are by them to be chosen. Fifteenth. That the laws so prepared and proposed as aforesaid, that are assented to by the General Assembly, shall be enrolled as laws of the province, with this stile: By the Governor, with the assent and approbation of the freemen in Provincial Council and General Assembly. Enrollment of laws. Number of members of general assembly. Sixteenth. That for the better establishment of the Government and laws of this province, and to the end there may be an universal satisfaction in the laying of the fundamentals thereof; the General Assembly shall or may for the first year consist of all the freemen of and in said province, and ever after it shall be yearly chosen, as aforesaid; which number of two hundred shall be enlarged as the country shall increase in people, so as it do not exceed five hundred at any time; the appointment and proportioning of which, as also the laying and methodizing of the choice of the Provincial Council and sembly. General Assembly in future times, most equally to the divisions of the hundreds and counties, which the country shall hereafter be divided into; shall be in the power of the Provincial Council to propose, and the General Assembly to resolve. Seventeenth. That the Governor and the Provincial Council shall erect, from time to time, standing courts of justice in such places and number as they shall judge convenient for the good government of the said province. And that the Provincial Council shall, on the thirteenth day of the first month yearly, elect and present to the governor or his deputy, a double number of persons to serve for judges, treasurers, master of rolls, within the said province for the year next ensuing; and the freemen of the said province in the county courts, when they shall be erected, and till then in the General Assembly shall, on the three and twentieth day of the second month yearly, elect and present to the governor or his deputy, a double number of persons to serve for sheriffs, justices of the peace, and coroners, for the year next ensuing; out of which respective elections and presentments, the governor or his deputy shall nominate and commissionate the proper number for each office the third day after the said presentments; or else the first named in such presentment for each office, shall stand and serve for that office the year ensuing. Eighteenth. But forasmuch as the present condition of the province requires some immediate settlement, and Appointment, proportioning, and choice of council and as Courts. Judges, treasurers, and mas ters of rolls. Sheriffs, justices of peace, and coroners. Proprietary to appoint officers. How long general assembly to continue. admits not of so quick a revolution of officers; and to the end the said province may, with all convenient speed, be well ordered and settled, I, William Penn, do therefore think fit, to nominate and appoint such persons for judges, treasurers, masters of the rolls, sheriffs, justices of the peace, and coroners, as are most fitly qualified for those employments; to whom I shall make and grant commissions for the said offices respectively, to hold to them to whom the same shall be granted, for so long time as every such person shall well behave himself in the office or place to him respectively granted, and no longer. And upon the decease or displacing of any of the said officers, the succeeding officer or officers shall be chosen as aforesaid. Nineteenth. That the General Assembly shall continue so long as may be needful to impeach criminals fit to be there impeached; to pass bills into laws, that they shall think fit to pass into laws, and till such time as the governor and Provincial Council shall declare, that they have nothing further to propose unto them for their assent and approbation; and that declaration shall be a dismiss to the General Assembly for that time, which General Assembly shall be notwithstanding capable of assembling together, upon the summons of the Provincial Council, at any time during that year, if the said Provincial Council shall see occasion for their so assembling. Twentieth. That all the elections of members or representatives of the people, to serve in Provincial Council sembly to be by and General Assembly, and all questions to be determined by both or either of them, that relate to passing of bills into laws, to the choice of officers, to impeachments made by the General Assembly, and judgment of criminals upon such impeachments by the Provincial Council, and to all other cases by them respectively judged of importance, shall be resolved and determined by the ballot; and, unless on sudden and indispensible occasions, no business in Provisional Council or its respective committees, shall be finally determined the same day that it is moved. Elections of members of council and as ballot. Also, determination of questions. No business to be finally determined on day introduced. Appointment of guardians where governor a minor. Twenty-first. That at all times, when and so often as it shall happen, that the Governor shall or may be an infant, under the age of one and twenty years, and no guardians or commissioners are appointed in writing by the father of the said infant, or that such guardians or commissioners shall be deceased; that during such minority, the Provincial Council shall, from time to time, as they shall see meet, constitute and appoint guardians or commissioners, not exceeding three; one of which three shall preside as deputy and chief guardian, during such minority, and shall have and execute, with the consent of the other two, all the power of a governor, in all the public affairs and concerns of the said province. Twenty-second. That as often as any day of the month, mentioned in any article of this charter, shall fall upon the first day of the week, commonly called the Lord's day, the business appointed for that day, shall be deferred till next day, unless in case of emergency. Twenty-third. That no act, law or ordinance whatsoever, shall at any time hereafter be made or done, by the governor of this province, his heirs or assigns, or by the freemen in the Provincial Council or the General Assembly, to alter, change or diminish the form or effect of this charter, or any part or clause thereof, without the consent of the governor, his heirs or assigns, and six parts of seven of the said freemen in Provincial Council, and General Assembly. No business to be transacted on Sunday. Alteration of charter. tained in char ter not to be in fringed. And lastly. That I the said William Penn, for myself, Liberties conmy heirs, and assigns, have solemnly declared, granted and confirmed, and do hereby solemnly declare, grant and confirm, that neither I, my heirs nor assigns, shall procure or do any thing or things, whereby the liberties in this charter contained and expressed, shall be infringed or broken; and if any thing be procured by any person or persons contrary to these premises, it shall be held of no force or effect. In Witness whereof, I the said William Penn have unto this present charter of liberties, set my hand and broad seal, this fiye and twentieth day of the second month, vulgarly called April, in the year of our Lord, one thousand six hundred and eighty-two. WILLIAM PENN. ANALYTICAL INDEX TO THE CONSTITUTION OF STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. Abbreviations-Pr., preamble; Art., article; Sec., section; Sch., schedule; p., page. criminal courts in, first organization in, Sch., sec. 19, p. 270; also Sch., increase of judges in, president judge of, Sch., Amendments, future, general, not to be submitted oftener than once in five years, published notice to be given of, schedule to, 1873, powers and duties of, not to be extended, special legislation regulating fees of, prohibited, term of, Allegheny, causes and proceedings of courts in, how disposed of, Sch., exclusive jurisdiction of each court, time of, to be proposed by the legislature, Appeal from assessment for damages, General Assembly not to deprive, right of, where trial by jury is dispensed with, Appellate jurisdiction, by appeal, of Supreme Court, Appropriation bills, partial veto on, allowed, general, 3 15 236 Appropriations, no money to be drawn from treasury except by, Arms, persons having conscientious scruples against bearing, exempt Auditor General, duties of, relative to railroads transferred to Secre- signing of, by presiding officers of both Houses, to be public, signing of, to be entered on the Journal, Bribery, candidates for office guilty of, disqualified, Art. 3. sec. 32, p. 239; also, Bridges, or bridge companies, assembly not to pass laws relating to, exceptions to, Capital offenses, not to be bailable, Cemeteries, grave yards, etc., legislation for, prohibited, Certiorari, writs of, jurisdiction of Supreme Court in, writs of, to inferior courts by common pleas, ....... Chancery powers of common pleas courts, 5 20 248 Changing the names of persons or places by assembly, prohibited, Charters, amending, renewing, or extending, by special legislation, Children, adoption or legitimation of, legislation for, prohibited, |