is little doubt that it was at that time outside of the walls. The city may have been extended beyond this place after the Crucifixion, but it certainly did not include the high plain around Golgotha before that event.

2. It is described in the text as being "nigh unto the city," and it is about 500 feet from the wall near the Damascus Gate (formerly St. Stephen's Gate).

3. The Gospel account mentions a garden, and this place is now, and doubtless was then, capable of cultivation.

4. It is near one of the most traveled roads both at that time and at present, being the one leading from the Damascus Gate north towards Shechem, and to Joppa by Beth-horon.

5. As there is no other site or place that meets the foregoing requirements of the Scripture narrative, the conclusion is very evident that this is the spot which was hallowed by the blood of the Saviour.

CHURCH OF THE HOLY SEPULCHRE.-No. 9.

This church is in the Christian quarter of the city, at the termination of Dolorosa. (See plan.) Tradition, and some of the earliest written records, point to the area occupied by this structure as the place of the burial, if not the crucifixion of Christ. Yet because of its being so far within the walls of the city it has been claimed by many that it could not be the place.

This place was originally the side of a slight elevation or hill, but its summit and sides have been graded down to accomodate the surface to the im

mense structure that now occupies it. The origin of this church is credited to Constantine, who completed and dedicated it A.D. 335; in A.D. 614 it was destroyed by the Persians; rebuilt, it was again destroyed, and completely demolished by the Kaliph Hakim in 1048; rebuilt again, it stood until 1808, when it was destroyed by an accidental fire. It was again rebuilt and dedicated in 1810.

The present Church of the Holy Sepulchre is a collection of buildings under one roof, without regard to order or style of architecture; 350 feet long by 280 wide, including many sacred places, presided over by different sects in separate chapels.

Like its predecessors, this church was erected to cover and enshrine the Holy Sepulchre and the place of crucifixion.

The extent and number of interesting objects included within this building can best be indicated on a plan, and it may not be without interest to remark that this plan is nearly identical with one engraved in the work of Sandys, 1610, so few have been the changes in the last two centuries.

No. 1. Entrance from Via Dolorosa.

2. Chapel of the Angel.

3. The Holy Sepulchre.

4. The centre (or navel) of the world-according to the Greek interpretation of Ezekiel v. 5.

5. The Latin Church.

6. 49 steps cut in the solid rock leading down to the Chapel of the finding of the Cross.

7. Calvary-which is reached by finely cut marble steps from near No. 1.

In addition to these the following are pointed out as veritable antiquities, miraculously preserved.

The spot where the Saviour was nailed to the Cross. The Chapel of the Sacrifice of Isaac.

Chapel of the Altar of Melchizedec.

The spot where the garments of Jesus were divided by the soldiers.

Where the Lord was confined in prison.

The stone of unction, on which Jesus was prepared for the tomb; tomb of Melchizedec; tomb of Adam, and of John the Baptist; the place where the Virgin Mary stood at the Crucifixion; Chapel marking the spot on which the Angel stood who appeared to Mary Magdalene; tombs of Joseph and Nicodemus; and the pillar of flagellation-to which Jesus was bound to be whipped.

THE CHAPEL OF THE CRUCIFIXION.

In this chapel, at the eastern end, is a platform ten feet long, six feet wide, and elevated about eighteen inches above the floor. On this platform is a richly decorated altar; under it, in the middle of the marble floor, are three round holes, cased with silver; beneath these holes is the spot on which it is claimed the crosses stood. The one on which Christ was crucified in the centre, and those of the two malefactors on the right and left.

THE HOLY SEPULCHRE.

The Sepulchre was originally a grotto, cut in the rock like other Jewish tombs, but is now detached from the hillside, and is all above ground, and